Osteoma

Soft tissue calcifications frequently appear on imaging studies, representing a prevalent but non-specific discovery, varying from a local reaction without clear cause to suggesting an underlying systemic condition. Because calcifications like these can arise from various causes, an accurate differential diagnosis is crucial. Differential diagnosis entails a methodical assessment of the patient, encompassing clinical presentation, medical history, radiological and pathological findings, and other pertinent factors...

The aim of this study was to evaluate treatment of osteoid osteomas using bipolar radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and patients' quality of life before and after therapy. We retrospectively evaluated patients who underwent bipolar RFA of osteoid osteomas between 2001 and 2016. We assessed patients' symptoms before and after treatment (four weeks after treatment and long-term) using a questionnaire including severity and quality of pain on a 10-point scale (1 = no pain, 10 = severe pain), motion restrictions, pain-related sleep disorders, and necessary pain medication...

The frontal sinus medial drainage -Draf Type III (modified endoscopic Lothrop) procedure, has become a cornerstone in frontal sinus surgery over the last three decades. Despite its widespread acceptance, challenges such as restenosis and neo-ostium closure persist, prompting the exploration of various preventive techniques. In this retrospective study, we analyzed data from 111 patients who underwent the Draf III procedure between November 2015 and November 2023, with a mean follow-up period of 3 years and 11 months...

Osteoid osteoma (OO) is a common, benign bone tumor. However, there are no case reports of OO associated with osteogenesis imperfecta (OI), or pathological fractures in OO. A 3-year-old girl with OI sustained a complete right tibial diaphyseal fracture. Bony fusion was completed after 4 months of conservative therapy; nevertheless, 18 months later spontaneous pain appeared at the fracture site, without any cause. Plain radiographs showed a newly apparent, rounded area of translucency 1 cm in diameter, just overlapping the previous fracture...

We present an unusual case of a woman in her early 50s with a slow-growing calvarial exostosis. Exostoses are bony spurs or osteomas extending outward beyond a bone's surface and may be benign or malignant. Calvarial exostoses are a less common bone tumor that can occur in the population. We present a case of a rare, slow-growing calvarial exostosis with a combination of mandibular tori and a congenital iris cyst. We discuss differentials of this exostosis and different syndromes that may cause it such as hereditary multiple exostoses and Gardner syndrome...

PURPOSE: To report a very rare and atypical case of an elderly Caucasian female patient who developed perilesional multiple polypoidal choroidal vasculopathy (PCV) as a probable complication of choroidal osteoma (CO), associated to preretinal neovascular membrane overlying the lesion. METHODS: Observational case report. CASE OBSERVATION: A 60-year-old Caucasian woman presented with blurred vision in her right eye (RE). Fundus examination revealed a round white-yellowish calcified deep lesion in the juxta-papillary superior area, measuring 4 disc-diameters, with well-defined scalloped margins and an irregular surface...

INTRODUCTION: Papillary intralymphatic angioendothelioma (PILA) is an exceptionally rare metastasizing soft tissue tumor. It tends to arise in the subcutaneous tissues of distal extremities in children. Only four intraosseous PILA cases have been reported until now in English language literature. CASE REPORT: We present a case of PILA arising in the distal femoral epiphysis of a 50-year-old female patient. It started as a relentless pain in her left knee. A plain radiography revealed a radiolucent area in the left internal femoral condyle...

Carpal bone tumors must be investigated in clinical cases of chronic wrist pain with no previous trauma. Intraosseous ganglion, enchondroma, osteoid osteoma, and, less commonly, osteoblastoma are potential causes of osteolytic lesions affecting the carpal bones. In most cases, the clinical presentation alone is not enough to differentiate such lesions. Knowledge of certain characteristics, including the radiological and histopathological aspects of each of these tumors, is critical in order to make the differential diagnosis...

Gardner's syndrome with the complete manifestation of colonic and extracolonic features is uncommon. Therefore, every clinician should view extracolonic features with a high index of suspicion. This may be key to early diagnosis, definitive management in these patients and importantly, helps prevent malignant transformation of existing colonic polyps.

Osteoid osteoma is a benign tumor of the bone which tends to occur in diaphysis or metaphysis of the long bones. The lesion is generally intraosseous with vague clinical symptoms, hence given the name "great mimicker". When located subperiosteally and juxtaarticulary, atypical clinical presentation and radiological may lead to a delayed or missed diagnosis. Performing surgery with a misdiagnosis carries the risk of incomplete resection of the lesion and recurrence. We report the case of a 15-year-old male with a subperiosteal osteoid osteoma of the talus, who was misdiagnosed with pigmented villonodular synovitis and operated through anterior ankle arthrotomy...

A 54-year-old male patient presented for a periodic check-up at the dental clinic. A panoramic radiograph showed bilateral ossification of the stylohyoid ligament with an oval radiopacity on the right side. Cone-beam computed tomography revealed a well-defined, homogenous hyperdense entity from the lower third of the ossified stylohyoid ligament on the right side. The differential diagnosis of osteoma on the stylohyoid chain includes Eagle syndrome and benign tumors of the stylohyoid chain and adjacent structures...

Osteoid osteoma is a benign osteoblastic tumour with a predilection for the lower extremity that rarely affects the forearm. It is commonly seen in adolescents and young adults, and is seldom diagnosed in the paediatric age group. We report a boy in his early childhood who presented with a swelling over the distal forearm, which was incidentally noted by the mother 3 months ago. Plain radiographs showed diffuse sclerosis of the dorsal cortex of the distal radius. CT scan showed a central lucent nidus in the intramedullary region and surrounding sclerosis in the radial metaphysis, confirming the diagnosis of osteoid osteoma...

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OBJECTIVE: Percutaneous CT-guided radiofrequency ablation (CT-RFA) is a widely accepted procedure for treatment of osteoid osteomas. However, the application of CT-RFA was restricted as a result of some drawbacks, such as radiation exposure, and inconvenience in general anesthesia. The primary aim of this study is to evaluate the safety and efficacy of intra-operative TiRobot-assisted percutaneous RFA of osteoid osteomas. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed 21 medical files of patients who were treated with percutaneous RFA of osteoid osteomas guided by the TiRobot system in our institution between March 2021 and April 2022...

BACKGROUND: An ocular osseous choristoma is a growth of mature, compact bone in the ocular or periocular soft tissue, and it is the rarest form of ocular choristoma, accounting for only 1.7% of all epibulbar choristomas. CASE PRESENTATION: Herein we present the case of a 20-month-old girl who was referred to the oculoplasty clinic with a progressively growing mass in the left lateral canthus. It had been present since birth without ocular involvement. Upon examination the mass was firm with a smooth surface, measured 9 × 6 × 3 mm, and exhibited no episcleral attachment or ocular involvement...

In this narrative review, we aim to describe the clinical features, diagnosis, and management of common primary osseous tumors affecting the posterior elements of the spine in children. We searched PubMed, Mendeley, and Google Scholar using the terms primary osseous tumors of the spine in children, tumors of the posterior elements of the spine, and names of individual tumors. The clinical features, investigations, and treatment modalities were analyzed, and a narrative review of the topic was prepared. We have included 54 studies published in the last 20 years...

BACKGROUND: The aesthetic reconstruction of disfiguring cranio-facial defects after tumour excision can be quite challenging to the neurosurgeon with limited resources. The choice of cranioplasty implant, intraoperative technicalities and the patients' postoperative appearance are critical considerations in management. There are a number of synthetic materials available for cranioplasty, however, the customised implants are not readily available in our practice setup. They are also mostly constructed and contoured after the bony defect has been created or require sophisticated software construction pre-operatively...

OBJECTIVES: Inactivating GNAS mutations result in varied phenotypes depending on parental origin. Maternally inherited mutations typically lead to hormone resistance and Albright's hereditary osteodystrophy (AHO), characterised by short stature, round facies, brachydactyly and subcutaneous ossifications. Paternal inheritance presents with features of AHO or ectopic ossification without hormone resistance. This report describes the case of a child with osteoma cutis and medulloblastoma...

OBJECTIVE: We aim to evaluate the efficacy of CT-guided percutaneous radiofrequency ablation (RFA) and surgical treatment in osteoid osteoma (OO) treated at the Medical University of Graz. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In a single-institution study, we analysed data from January 2005 to January 2021 of patients with histological/radiological diagnosis of OO. CT and MRI scans were reviewed for typical findings. Means (with SD) and medians (with IQR) were reported for normally and non-normally distributed variables...

RATIONALE AND OBJECTIVES: The aim of the current study was to evaluate the feasibility and effectiveness of CT-guided microwave ablation (MWA) in the treatment of osteoid osteomas (OO). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Data from 59 consecutive patients who underwent percutaneous CT-MWA for OO treatment were examined in the current retrospective study. The period of this study spanned from January 2021 to May 2023 at a single institution. The study involved an evaluation of clinical and radiological characteristics, procedural data, Visual Analog Scale (VAS) pain scores, complication incidences, as well as clinical and technical success rates...