Shock

Care provision is a key component of women's time use with implications for the health and wellbeing of children. Shifting labor demands resulting from weather shocks may imply that women in developing countries have less time for care provision, potentially affecting their children's nutrition. Nonetheless, a broad literature focusing on the indirect impacts of climate change on child nutrition has yet to explore the mechanisms whereby this occurs, and whether mothers' time use is one of these mechanisms. Using the Uganda National Panel Survey, a unique data set that gathers data on farming activities, time use, and anthropometric measures, I analyze how rainfall variability affects mother's time use and whether time use is a mechanism whereby rainfall variability affects child nutrition in the short run (measured as weight-for-age and weight-for-height Z-scores)...

BACKGROUND: Sepsis is a major contributor to morbidity and mortality among hospitalized patients. This study aims to identify markers associated with the severity and prognosis of sepsis, providing new approaches for its management and treatment. METHODS: Data were mined from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) databases and were analyzed by multiple statistical methods like the Spearman correlation coefficient, Kaplan-Meier analysis, Cox regression analysis, and functional enrichment analysis...

INTRODUCTION: We aim to review the outcomes of shock wave lithotripsy (SWL), ureteroscopy, and percutaneous nephrolithotripsy (PCNL) for renal and ureteral stones in spinal cord neuropathy patients (SNP). MATERIAL AND METHODS: A literature search was performed on 8th March 2023 using PubMed, EMBASE, and Google Scholar with no date limit. Preclinical/animal studies, reviews, letters to the editor, case reports, and meeting abstracts were excluded. Only English papers were accepted...

BACKGROUND: Horses with trigeminal-mediated headshaking (TMHS) exhibit different headshaking patterns (HSPs), electric shock-like jerking, signs of nasal irritation, and painful facial expressions. The History Rest and Exercise Score (HRE-S) was developed to objectively clarify the severity of the condition in affected horses. This score considers the history and severity of clinical signs at rest and exercise. This study aimed to assess the frequency of different clinical signs and their individual associations with diagnosis, treatment, and outcome in horses diagnosed with TMHS...

Adrenal hemorrhage (AH) is an uncommon and potentially disastrous affliction that carries an accepted mortality risk of 15%. Variable symptomatology can cause a diagnostic dilemma and may be missed. We present 2 cases of right-sided AH; both cases were initially presumed to be renal colic. Case 1 was an 86-year-old gentleman, presenting with right flank pain found to have a right-sided atraumatic AH. He presented with hemorrhagic shock, requiring angioembolization of the bleeding vessel. Case 2 was a 62-year-old gentleman who presented with right flank pain and was found to have a right-sided atraumatic AH...

Ischemic heart disease is an important cause of heart failure in pregnancy. Involvement of a cardio-obstetrics team is crucial for managing high-risk pregnant patients with cardiovascular disease. We present a case of cardiogenic shock in a pregnant woman unmasking underlying multivessel obstructive coronary artery disease.

Heat shock protein 90 (Hsp90) is a molecular chaperone important for maintaining protein homeostasis (proteostasis) in the cell. Hsp90 inhibitors are being explored as cancer therapeutics because of their ability to disrupt proteostasis. Inhibiting Hsp90 increases surface density of the immunological receptor Major Histocompatibility Complex 1 (MHC1). Here we show that this increase occurs across multiple cancer cell lines and with both cytosol-specific and pan-Hsp90 inhibitors. We demonstrate that Hsp90 inhibition also alters surface expression of both IFNGR and PD-L1, two additional immunological receptors that play a significant role in anti-tumour or anti-immune activity in the tumour microenvironment...

Mechanical stress is a measure of internal resistance exhibited by a body or material when external forces, such as compression, tension, bending, etc. are applied. The study of mechanical stress on health and aging is a continuously growing field, as major changes to the extracellular matrix and cell-to-cell adhesions can result in dramatic changes to tissue stiffness during aging and diseased conditions. For example, during normal aging, many tissues including the ovaries, skin, blood vessels, and heart exhibit increased stiffness, which can result in a significant reduction in function of that organ...

Using spatial mapping processes to learn about threat and safety in an environment is crucial for survival. Research using conditioning paradigms has explored the effects of state (transient arousal) and trait anxiety (anxiety as an aspect of personality) on threat learning and acquisition. However, results are mixed, and little is known regarding why some individuals do not learn to discriminate between threat and safety during contextual conditioning. We used a virtual reality (VR) contextual threat conditioning paradigm to elucidate the effects of state and trait anxiety on contextual threat learning...

Cells from different organs in the body experience a range of mechanical and osmotic pressures that change in various diseases, including neurological, cardiovascular, ophthalmological, and renal diseases. Here, we demonstrate the use of an engineered Sensor-Actuator-Modulator (SAM) of microbial origin derived from a mechanosensitive channel of large conductance (MscL) for sensing external mechanical stress and modulating activities of mammalian cells. SAM is reliably expressed in the mammalian cell membrane and acts as a tension-activated pressure release valve...

Relative efficacy of five common weeds-of the kind that are either rooted in soil or which freely float over water-was assessed in rapid, effective and sustainable treatment of sewage at pilot plant scale in the recently developed and patented SHEFROL® bioreactors. The plants were utilized in a unit of capacity 12,000 liters/day (LPD) which, after two years of use, was enlarged to handle 40,000 LPD of sewage. It was then further expanded after an year to treat 57,000 LPD. All the five weeds, of which none has previously been tested in a pilot-scale SHEFROL, were able to foster highly efficient primary treatment (in terms of suspended and total solids) and secondary treatment (in terms of BOD and COD) to levels exceeding 85% in most cases...

Peritoneal dialysis (PD)-related infection rates have improved, but serious complications such as liver abscesses remain an issue, posing unique management challenges including safety of continuing PD versus early PD catheter removal. Current literature describing this is unfortunately limited. This study aims to describe the characteristics, management and outcomes of liver abscesses in PD patients from a retrospective review of prevalent PD patients on follow-up at Tan Tock Seng Hospital between 1st January 2016 and 30th June 2021...

Heat shock protein 20 (Hsp20) is a small molecule heat shock protein that plays an important role in plant growth, development, and stress resistance. Little is known about the function of Hsp20 family genes in apple (Malus domestica). Here, we performed a genome-wide analysis of the apple Hsp20 gene family, and a total of 49 Hsp20s genes were identified from the apple genome. Phylogenetic analysis revealed that the 49 genes were divided into 11 subfamilies, and MdHsp18.2b, a member located in the CI branch, was selected as a representative member for functional characterization...

BACKGROUND: Aquaporins (AQPs) facilitate water diffusion across biological membranes and are involved in all phases of growth and development. Small and basic intrinsic proteins (SIPs) belong to the fourth subfamily of the plant AQPs. Although SIPs are widely present in higher plants, reports on SIPs are limited. Rice is one of the major food crops in the world, and water use is an important factor affecting rice growth and development; therefore, this study aimed to provide information relevant to the function and environmental response of the rice SIP gene family...

Recently, resuscitative endovascular balloon occlusion of the aorta (REBOA) had been introduced as an innovative procedure for severe hemorrhage in the abdomen or pelvis. We aimed to investigate risk factors associated with mortality after REBOA and construct a model for predicting mortality. This multicenter retrospective study collected data from 251 patients admitted at five regional trauma centers across South Korea from 2015 to 2022. The indications for REBOA included patients experiencing hypovolemic shock due to hemorrhage in the abdomen, pelvis, or lower extremities, and those who were non-responders (systolic blood pressure (SBP) < 90 mmHg) to initial fluid treatment...

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A 60-year old woman, sandwiched between two boats was brought to our hospital with severe respiratory failure. She was in pre-shock and there was extensive cutaneous emphysema from the face to abdomen. She required respirator support and bilateral chest tubes for hemopneumothorax. On the patient's 3rd hospital day, she received venovenous extracorporeal membrance oxgenation( ECMO) due to sudden ventilatory failure. The bronchofiberscopy revealed complete disruption of the left main bronchus and occlusion of the right one owing to blood clot and sputum...

Adrenal insufficiency (AI) is one of the most life-threatening disorders resulting from adrenal cortex dysfunction. Symptoms and signs of AI are often nonspecific, and the diagnosis can be missed and lead to the development of AI with severe hypotension and hypovolemic shock. We report the case of a 13-year-old child admitted for cardiac arrest following severe hypovolemic shock. The patient initially presented with isolated mild abdominal pain and vomiting together with unexplained hyponatremia. He was discharged after an initial short hospitalization with rehydration but with persistent hyponatremia...

Despite a 30% decline in the rate over the last decade, coronary artery bypass graft (CABG) surgery remains a common major surgical procedure with significant morbidity and mortality. Chronic liver disease (CLD) patients, with increased survival rates due to medical advancements, are now frequently being considered for CABG, bearing higher perioperative risks. This study investigates the association between CLD and in-hospital outcomes in CABG patients using retrospective data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) database (2016-2020) including 7,945 CLD patients undergoing CABG that were propensity score matched with an equivalent number of patients with no CLD undergoing CABG...

Steeper and sometimes extreme salinity gradients increasingly affect aquatic organisms because of climate change. Hypersalinity habitats demand powerful physiological adaptive strategies. Few teleost species have the capacity to spend their whole life cycle in salinities way over seawater levels. Focusing on the multifunctional gill, we unraveled the tilapia S. melanotheron key strategies to cope with different environmental conditions, ranging from freshwater up to hypersaline habitats. De novo transcriptome assembly based on RNAseq allowed for the analysis of 40,967 annotated transcripts among samples collected in three wild populations at 0, 40 and 80 ‰...