Red blood cell

OBJECTIVES: To describe the pharmacokinetic (PK) characteristics of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir in renal transplant recipients and explore the potential factors that related to the PK variance of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir and its interaction with calcineurin inhibitor (CNI). METHODS: Renal transplant recipients treated with CNI and nirmatrelvir/ritonavir were prospectively enrolled. Steady-state plasma concentrations of nirmatrelvir/ritonavir were determined by high-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, and the PK parameters were calculated using non-compartmental analysis...

Severe vitamin B12 deficiency presents a diagnostic challenge due to its diverse clinical manifestations, which can mimic serious hematologic disorders such as thrombotic thrombocytopenic purpura (TTP) or leukemia. The case we present here illustrates the unique characteristics of severe B12 deficiency, highlighting key differentiators from other conditions, including decreased reticulocyte counts and markedly elevated lactate dehydrogenase levels indicative of suppressed erythropoiesis. Advanced cobalamin deficiency affects all cell lines, leading to peripheral pancytopenia...

Introduction: Erythroblastic island (EBI) macrophages play an essential role in the production and maturation of the vast numbers of red blood cells (RBCs) that are produced throughout life. Their location within the bone marrow makes it difficult to study the cellular and molecular interactions associated with their action so we have used an in vitro model of the EBI niche using macrophages derived from human induced pluripotent stem cells (hiPSCs). We previously demonstrated that the activation of the transcription factor KLF1 enhanced the activity of hiPSC-derived EBI macrophages...

BACKGROUND: Colon cancer is one of the most common malignant tumors of the digestive system. Liver metastasis after colon cancer surgery is the primary cause of death in patients with colon cancer. AIM: To construct a novel nomogram model including various factors to predict liver metastasis after colon cancer surgery. METHODS: We retrospectively analyzed 242 patients with colon cancer who were admitted and underwent radical resection for colon cancer in Zhejiang Provincial People's Hospital from December 2019 to December 2022...

BACKGROUND: Current hemovigilance methods generally rely on survey data or administrative claims data utilizing billing and revenue codes, each of which has limitations. We used electronic health records (EHR) linked to blood bank data to comprehensively characterize red blood cell (RBC) utilization patterns and trends in three healthcare systems participating in the U.S. Food and Drug Administration Center for Biologics Evaluation and Research Biologics Effectiveness and Safety (BEST) initiative...

BACKGROUND: Whole blood (WB) transfusions in trauma represent an increasingly utilized resuscitation strategy in trauma patients. Previous reports suggest a probable mortality benefit with incorporating WB into massive transfusion protocols. However, questions surrounding optimal WB practices persist. We sought to assess the association between the proportion of WB transfused during the initial resuscitative period and its impact on early mortality outcomes for traumatically injured patients...

Highlanders and lowlanders of Papua New Guinea have faced distinct environmental stress, such as hypoxia and environment-specific pathogen exposure, respectively. In this study, we explored the top genomics regions and the candidate driver SNPs for selection in these two populations using newly sequenced whole-genomes of 54 highlanders and 74 lowlanders. We identified two candidate SNPs under selection - one in highlanders, associated with red blood cell traits and another in lowlanders, which is associated with white blood cell count - both potentially influencing the heart rate of Papua New Guineans in opposite directions...

BACKGROUND/AIM: Immune checkpoint inhibitors can induce immune-related adverse events in various organs, thus careful observation is required. CASE REPORT: A 69-year-old man was diagnosed with advanced lung adenocarcinoma and treated with combined therapy of carboplatin plus pemetrexed plus pembrolizumab. After two cycles of treatment, anemia was noted. Myelosuppression due to cytotoxic anticancer agents was suspected and the cytotoxic agents were discontinued, followed by three courses of pembrolizumab monotherapy...

In this study, we demonstrate whole blood immunoassays using a microfluidic device optimized for conducting rapid and multiplexed fluorescence-linked immunoassays. The device is capable of handling whole blood samples without any preparatory treatment. The three-dimensional channels in poly(methyl methacrylate) are designed to passively load bodily fluids and, due to their linearly tapered profile, facilitate size-dependent immobilization of biofunctionalized particles. The channel geometry is optimized to allow for the unimpeded flow of cellular constituents such as red blood cells (RBCs)...

Acute myocardial injury (AMI) induced by lipopolysaccharide (LPS) can cause cardiovascular dysfunction and lead to death in poultry. Traditional antibiotic therapy has been found to have many limitations and negative effects. Asiatic acid (AA) is a naturally occurring pentacyclic triterpenoid that is extracted from Centella asiatica and has anti-inflammatory, antioxidant, and anticancer pharmacological properties. Previously, we studied the effect of AA on LPS-induced liver and kidney injury; however, the impact of AA on LPS-induced AMI remained unclear...

BACKGROUND: We report an obstetric case involving an RhD-positive woman who had developed a red blood cell (RBC) antibody that was not detected until after delivery of a newborn, who presented with a positive direct antiglobulin test result. Immunohematology studies suggested that the maternal antibody was directed against a low-prevalence antigen on the paternal and newborn RBCs. RESULTS: Comprehensive blood group profiling by targeted exome sequencing revealed a novel nonsynonymous single nucleotide variant (SNV) RHCE c...

BACKGROUND: The aim of this study was to examine variations in stress, metabolic, and physiological parameters of horses used in the traditional equestrian team sport of Kök-Börü in relation to winning and losing outcomes. MATERIAL AND METHODS: To accomplish this, blood samples were taken from horses on four different teams who participated in two separate games, both before and after game. These samples were used to measure levels of cortisol, ACTH, beta-endorphin, adrenaline, noradrenaline, triiodothyronine (T3), and thyroxine (T4) via species-specific commercial ELISA kits...

INTRODUCTION: Skin injuries represent a prevalent form of physical trauma, necessitating effective therapeutic strategies to expedite the wound healing process. Hesperidin, a bioflavonoid naturally occurring in citrus fruits, exhibits a range of pharmacological attributes, including antimicrobial, antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, anticoagulant, and analgesic properties. The main objective of the study was to formulate a hydrogel with the intention of addressing skin conditions, particularly wound healing...

Although the gasotransmitter hydrogen sulfide (H2 S) is well known for its vasodilatory effects, H2 S also exhibits vasoconstricting properties. Herein, it is demonstrated that administration of H2 S as intravenous sodium sulfide (Na2 S) increased blood pressure in sheep and rats, and this effect persisted after H2 S has disappeared from the blood. Inhibition of the L-type calcium channel (LTCC) diminished the hypertensive effects. Incubation of Na2 S with whole blood, red blood cells, methemoglobin, or oxyhemoglobin produced a hypertensive product of H2 S, which is not hydrogen thioperoxide, metHb-SH- complexes, per-/poly- sulfides, or thiolsulfate, but rather a labile intermediate...

INTRODUCTION: Some studies in both children and adults have shown a mortality benefit for the use of low titer group O whole blood (LTOWB) compared to component therapy for traumatic resuscitation. Although LTOWB is not widely available at pediatric trauma centers, its use is increasing. We hypothesized that in children who received whole blood after injury, the proportion of whole blood in relation to the total blood product resuscitation volume would impact survival. METHODS: The trauma database from a single academic pediatric level 1 trauma center was queried for pediatric (age < 18 years) recipients of LTOWB after injury (years 2015-2022)...

INTRODUCTION: Whole blood (WB) resuscitation is increasingly used at trauma centers. Prior studies investigating outcomes in WB versus component-only (CO) resuscitation have been limited by small cohorts, low volumes of WB resuscitation, and unbalanced CO resuscitation. This study aimed to address these limitations using data from a high-volume Level I trauma center, which adopted a WB-first resuscitation paradigm in 2018. We hypothesized that the resuscitation method, WB or balanced CO, would have no impact on patient mortality...

BACKGROUND: Andexanet Alfa (AA) is the only FDA approved reversal agent for apixaban and rivaroxaban (DOAC). There are no studies comparing its efficacy with 4-Factor Prothrombin Complex Concentrate (PCC). This study aimed to compare PCC to AA for DOAC reversal, hypothesizing non-inferiority of PCC. METHODS: We performed a retrospective, non-inferiority multicenter study of adult patients admitted from July 1, 2018 to December 31, 2019 who had taken a DOAC within 12 hours of injury, were transfused red blood cells (RBCs) or had traumatic brain injury, and received AA or PCC...

Matching donor and recipient blood groups based on red blood cell (RBC) surface ABO glycans and antibodies in plasma is crucial to avoid potentially fatal reactions during transfusions. Enzymatic conversion of RBC glycans to the universal group O is an attractive solution to simplify blood logistics and prevent ABO-mismatched transfusions. The gut symbiont Akkermansia muciniphila can degrade mucin O-glycans including ABO epitopes. Here we biochemically evaluated 23 Akkermansia glycosyl hydrolases and identified exoglycosidase combinations which efficiently transformed both A and B antigens and four of their carbohydrate extensions...

As the aging process accelerates, the age structure of blood donors turns to older and even aged groups. Methylmalonic acid (MMA), a byproduct of propionate metabolism, may be upregulated in the serum of older adults. As a mediator of chronic disease and tumor progression, the MMA content in blood products has become the focus of research. Absolute concentrations of MMA in blood products were determined based on the liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry, so as to analyze how they were affected by donors' age, sex, and frequency of blood donation...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the changes in liver and kidney function, red blood cell (RBC) count and hemoglobin (HGB) levels in patients undergoing ultrasound-guided percutaneous microwave ablation (UPMWA) for uterine fibroids on postoperative day 1. METHODS: The changes in liver and kidney function, RBC count and HGB levels in 181 patients who underwent selective UPMWA in the Second Affiliated Hospital of Shantou University Medical College, China, between August 2017 and January 2023 were retrospectively analyzed...