Vitamin d deficiency

COVID-19, caused by SARS-CoV-2, can lead to a severe inflammatory disease characterized by significant lymphopenia. However, the underlying cause for the depletion of T-cells in COVID-19 patients remains incompletely understood. In this study, we assessed the presence of different T-cell subsets in the progression of COVID-19 from mild to severe disease, with a focus on TCF1 expressing progenitor T-cells that are needed to replenish peripheral T-cells during infection. Our results showed a preferential decline in TCF1+ progenitor CD4 and CD8+ T-cells with disease severity...

INTRODUCTION: Vitamin D deficiency is the most common nutritional deficiency worldwide. Chronic vitamin D deficiency causes immune system dysfunction, which increases susceptibility to pathogens such as bacteria, especially intracellular parasites, and viruses. Chlamydia trachomatis (C. t) is an obligate intracellular parasitic bacterium that causes a variety of sequelae. We speculated that vitamin D might be associated with C. t infection. This study aimed to address this gap in knowledge by investigating the relationship between vitamin D and C...

Vitamin D is a fat-soluble steroid hormone that was initially known only for regulating calcium and phosphorus levels and maintaining bone health. However, it was later discovered that many organs express vitamin D metabolizing enzymes and have a ligand for vitamin D, which regulates the expression of an extensive assortment of genes. As a result, vitamin D is indispensable for the proper function of organs, and its deficiency is believed to be a critical factor in symptoms and disorders such as cardiovascular diseases, autoimmune diseases, and cancers...

BACKGROUND: The association between vitamin D supplementation and the risk of falls in older adults has been controversial. This systematic review and network meta-analysis aims to assess the efficacy of vitamin D, calcium, and combined supplementation in the prevention of falls. METHODS: Randomized controlled trials (RCTs) on the efficacy of vitamin D in fall prevention were systematically searched in PubMed, Embase, Cochrane Library, and Web of Science from inception to May 9, 2023...

BACKGROUND: An increasing number of studies suggest that environmental pollution may increase the risk of vitamin D deficiency (VDD). However, less is known about arsenic (As) exposure and VDD, particularly in Chinese pregnant women. OBJECTIVES: This study examines the correlations of different urinary As species with serum 25 (OH) D and VDD prevalence. METHODS: We measured urinary arsenite (As3+ ), arsenate (As5+ ), monomethylarsonic acid (MMA), and dimethylarsinic acid (DMA) levels and serum 25(OH)D2 , 25(OH)D3 , 25(OH) D levels in 391 pregnant women in Tianjin, China...

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Vitamin D, as a steroid hormone, has multiple effects on human body and its deficiency has been associated with an increased risk of heart failure (HF) and unfavorable outcomes. The present study investigated the prevalence of vitamin D deficiency (VDD) and its relationship with cardiometabolic parameters in patients hospitalized for HF living in the city of Recife (latitude 8° South). METHODS: Analytical cross-sectional study, with men and women aged 40-64 years...

PURPOSE: Physical load during military training might increase the need for vitamin D; therefore, supplementation could be beneficial for 25(OH)D serum levels and physical performance. METHODS: One hundred and twelve male conscripts were randomized into two vitamin D oil capsule supplementation groups: 55 participants in the 600 IU group and 57 in the 4000 IU group with a follow-up period from July 2021 to May 2022. Physical fitness tests were performed in July, October and May...

INTRODUCTION: Patients visiting for Knee Arthroplasty have often been treated at neighborhood clinics and bonesetters. India floated world's largest publicly funded national health insurance program -AB-PMJAY covering Knee Arthroplasty. AB-PMJAY's data for Arthroplasty has not been published. METHODS: A Prospective study from Jan 2016- Jan 2023 on females undergoing TKA. Age, DEXA Score, Walking Ability, KSS, 10MWT, SF36 Scores, Funding Pattern before and after AB-PMJAY, Time to Approval, Time to discharge, Time to Query reply and Rejection Rates were documented...

Airway hillocks are stratified epithelial structures of unknown function1 . Hillocks persist for months and have a unique population of basal stem cells that express genes associated with barrier function and cell adhesion. Hillock basal stem cells continually replenish overlying squamous barrier cells. They exhibit dramatically higher turnover than the abundant, largely quiescent classic pseudostratified airway epithelium. Hillocks resist a remarkably broad spectrum of injuries, including toxins, infection, acid and physical injury because hillock squamous cells shield underlying hillock basal stem cells from injury...

OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the association of serum 25-hydroxyvitamin D (25(OH)D) levels with bone mineral density (BMD), fracture risk, and bone metabolism. METHODS: This multicenter cross-sectional study recruited menopausal females and males ≥ 50 years old with osteoporosis/fractures between September 2016 and September 2021. Assessment included clinical data, 25(OH)D, parathyroid hormone (iPTH), procollagen type 1 amino-terminal propeptide (P1NP), carboxy-terminal collagen crosslinks (CTX), lateral thoracolumbar spine x-rays, and BMD...

Recent studies revealed that mitochondria are not only a place of vitamin D3 metabolism but also direct or indirect targets of its activities. This review summarizes current knowledge on the regulation of ion channels from plasma and mitochondrial membranes by the active form of vitamin D3 (1,25(OH)2 D3 ). 1,25(OH)2 D3 , is a naturally occurring hormone with pleiotropic activities; implicated in the modulation of cell differentiation, and proliferation and in the prevention of various diseases, including cancer...

INTRODUCTION: To detect the relationship between 25-hydroxy vitamin D (25(OH)D) and adolescents' parathyroid hormone (PTH) and bone mineral density (BMD). MATERIAL AND METHODS: Two hundred adolescent girls were recruited for this cross-sectional comparative study. After detailed evaluation, a pelvic sonography was performed for the studied adolescents to rule out any pelvic pathology. Adolescents' blood samples were collected to measure the thyroid stimulating hormone, prolactin, glycosylated haemoglobin (HbA1C ), PTH, and 25(OH)D...

INTRODUCTION: Legg-Calve-Perthes disease (LCPD) is a disorder involving the hips in young children of preschool and school-going age groups, more common in 4-8 years. The insufficient blood supply to the femoral head is the main reason behind various etiologic theories. Multiple factors affect the natural progression of the disease. The natural progression of the disease involves early avascular necrosis, fragmentation, reconstitution, and healed stages. In the fragmentation stage, the bony epiphysis begins to fragment, and the subchondral radiolucent zone (crescent sign) is the result of a subchondral stress fracture, which later on determines the extent of a necrotic fragment of the femoral head...

AIM: The relationship between vitamin D status and Kawasaki Disease (KD), as well as coronary artery lesion (CAL), has yet to be established. METHODS: A meta-analysis was conducted to assess the correlation between vitamin D status and KD, as well as the impact of vitamin D status on the progression of KD into CAL. RESULTS: The meta-analysis revealed a consistent and significant association between serum 25(OH)D level and the occurrence KD (studies N = 22; z = -3...

Prevalence of hip fractures is on the rise and is associated with high mortality, especially in aging patients. Vitamin D is routinely recommended for bone health in general population. Our study explores the potential association between low levels (≤20 ng/mL) of vitamin D and mortality in hip fracture patients. Systematic search was done for studies that were published from inception until May 10, 2023, and that report a possible correlation between low vitamin D levels and mortality in patients with hip fractures...

Background Vitamin D has been found to be crucial in musculoskeletal health. The role of vitamin D levels in orthopedic patients has become a growing area of interest given its negative impact on fracture healing which can contribute to the development of nonunion following surgery. We sought to investigate the incidence of hypovitaminosis D in a cohort of patients who experienced a nonunion following a foot and ankle arthrodesis procedure. Methodology Patients who underwent a major elective foot and ankle arthrodesis procedure and developed a nonunion were given the opportunity to obtain serum vitamin D levels...

Pregnancy complicated by obesity represents an increased risk of unfavorable perinatal outcomes such as gestational diabetes mellitus (GDM), hypertensive disorders in pregnancy, preterm birth, and impaired fetal growth, among others. Obesity is associated with deficiencies of micronutrients, and pregnant women with obesity may have higher needs. The intrauterine environment in pregnancies complicated with obesity is characterized by inflammation and oxidative stress, where maternal nutrition and metabolic status have significant influence and are critical in maternal health and in fetal programming of health in the offspring later in life...

BACKGROUND: Extant literature presents contradictory findings on the role of vitamin D on SARS-CoV-2 infection. Our study included an examination of the relationship between vitamin D levels and SARS-CoV-2 infection among the Minority and Rural Coronavirus Insights Study (MRCIS) cohort, a diverse population of medically underserved persons presenting at five Federally qualified health centers in the United States. METHODS: We conducted a descriptive analysis to explore the relationship between vitamin D levels and SARS-CoV-2 infection among medically underserved participants...

The global population is at risk of vitamin D deficiency due to low exposure to sunlight and low intake of the vitamin through diet. The aim of this study was to investigate in women the association between vitamin D status and parathyroid hormone (PTH), ultraviolet radiation, lifestyle, ethnicity, social conditions, and residential greenness. A 1-year longitudinal study assessed vitamin D status in 309 women living at latitude 51°14' N. Blood samples were taken four times throughout the year for analysis of 25(OH)D and serum PTH concentration...