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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arunava Ghosh, Alexis Payton, Samuel C Gallant, Keith L Rogers, Teresa Mascenik, Elise Hickman, Charlotte A Love, Kevin D Schichlein, Timothy R Smyth, Yong Ho Kim, Julia E Rager, M Ian Gilmour, Scott H Randell, Ilona Jaspers
Burn pits are a method of open-air waste management that was common during military operations in Iraq, Afghanistan, and other regions in Southwest Asia. Veterans returning from deployment have reported respiratory symptoms, potentially from exposure to burn pit smoke, yet comprehensive assessment of such exposure on pulmonary health is lacking. We have previously shown that exposure to condensates from burn pit smoke emissions causes inflammation and cytotoxicity in mice. In this study, we explored the effects of burn pit smoke condensates on human airway epithelial cells (HAECs) to understand their impact on cellular targets in the human lung...
April 23, 2024: Chemical Research in Toxicology
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Soo Heon Kwak, Ryan B Hernandez-Cancela, Daniel A DiCorpo, David E Condon, Jordi Merino, Peitao Wu, Jennifer A Brody, Jie Yao, Xiuqing Guo, Fariba Ahmadizar, Mariah Meyer, Murat Sincan, Josep M Mercader, Sujin Lee, Jeffrey Haessler, Ha My T Vy, Zhaotong Lin, Nicole D Armstrong, Shaopeng Gu, Noah L Tsao, Leslie A Lange, Ningyuan Wang, Kerri L Wiggins, Stella Trompet, Simin Liu, Ruth J F Loos, Renae Judy, Philip H Schroeder, Natalie R Hasbani, Maxime M Bos, Alanna C Morrison, Rebecca D Jackson, Alexander P Reiner, JoAnn E Manson, Ninad S Chaudhary, Lynn K Carmichael, Yii-Der Ida Chen, Kent D Taylor, Mohsen Ghanbari, Joyce van Meurs, Achilleas N Pitsillides, Bruce M Psaty, Raymond Noordam, Ron Do, Kyong Soo Park, J Wouter Jukema, Maryam Kavousi, Adolfo Correa, Stephen S Rich, Scott M Damrauer, Catherine Hajek, Nam H Cho, Marguerite R Irvin, James S Pankow, Girish N Nadkarni, Robert Sladek, Mark O Goodarzi, Jose C Florez, Daniel I Chasman, Susan R Heckbert, Charles Kooperberg, Josée Dupuis, Rajeev Malhotra, Paul S de Vries, Ching-Ti Liu, Jerome I Rotter, James B Meigs
OBJECTIVE: To identify genetic risk factors for incident cardiovascular disease (CVD) among people with type 2 diabetes (T2D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: We conducted a multiancestry time-to-event genome-wide association study for incident CVD among people with T2D. We also tested 204 known coronary artery disease (CAD) variants for association with incident CVD. RESULTS: Among 49,230 participants with T2D, 8,956 had incident CVD events (event rate 18...
April 23, 2024: Diabetes Care
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xu Lu, Zengzhen Cui, Yihua Sun, Hee Guan Khor, Ao Sun, Longfei Ma, Fang Chen, Shan Gao, Yun Tian, Fang Zhou, Yang Lv, Hongen Liao
Proximal femoral fracture segmentation in computed tomography (CT) is essential in the preoperative planning of orthopedic surgeons. Recently, numerous deep learning-based approaches have been proposed for segmenting various structures within CT scans. Nevertheless, distinguishing various attributes between fracture fragments and soft tissue regions in CT scans frequently poses challenges, which have received comparatively limited research attention. Besides, the cornerstone of contemporary deep learning methodologies is the availability of annotated data, while detailed CT annotations remain scarce...
April 23, 2024: IEEE Transactions on Medical Imaging
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoyu Chang, Pengliang Hao, Shuhua Zhang, Yuanyuan Dang, Aijun Liu, Nan Zheng, Zhao Dong, Hulin Zhao
Acupuncture, a traditional Chinese therapy, is gaining attention for its impact on the brain. While existing electroencephalogram and functional magnetic resonance image research has made significant contributions, this paper utilizes stereo-electroencephalography data for a comprehensive exploration of neurophysiological effects. Employing a multi-scale approach, channel-level analysis reveals notable $\delta $-band activity changes during acupuncture. At the brain region level, acupuncture modulated connectivity between the paracentral lobule and the precentral gyrus...
April 1, 2024: Cerebral Cortex
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kahabi Ganka Isangula, Rogers John Haule
BACKGROUND: Respiratory diseases, including active tuberculosis (TB), asthma, and chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD), constitute substantial global health challenges, necessitating timely and accurate diagnosis for effective treatment and management. OBJECTIVE: This research seeks to develop and evaluate a noninvasive user-friendly artificial intelligence (AI)-powered cough audio classifier for detecting these respiratory conditions in rural Tanzania. METHODS: This is a nonexperimental cross-sectional research with the primary objective of collection and analysis of cough sounds from patients with active TB, asthma, and COPD in outpatient clinics to generate and evaluate a noninvasive cough audio classifier...
April 23, 2024: JMIR Research Protocols
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhi Zhang, Guoshuai Zhang, Xinke Zhang, Huihui Zhang, Junbo Xie, Rui Zeng, Baolin Guo, Linfang Huang
Eomecon chionantha Hance, an endemic species in China, has a long medical history in Chinese ethnic minority medicine and is known for its anti-inflammatory and analgesic effects. However, studies of E. chionantha are lacking. In this study, we investigated the characteristics of the E. chionantha chloroplast genome and determined the taxonomic position of E. chionantha in Papaveraceae via phylogenetic analysis. In addition, we determined molecular markers to identify E. chionantha at the molecular level by comparing the chloroplast genomes of E...
April 23, 2024: Journal of Plant Research
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dorothy Koompah, Enoch Teye-Kwadjo, Irene A Kretchy
Problem gambling has been recognised as an important public health issue because of its harmful consequences at the personal, interpersonal, and societal levels. There is a proliferation of gambling activities in Ghana owing to increased access to the internet, soaring smartphone penetration, and an influx of sports betting companies. Yet, very little research has addressed the harm associated with problem gambling in Ghana. This study assessed if the effect of problem gambling severity on suicidal behaviours (ideation, planning, and attempts) through psychological distress is contingent on the level of perceived social support...
April 23, 2024: Journal of Gambling Studies
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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hubinský Marcel, Hobza Roman, Marta Starczak, Gackowski Daniel, Kubát Zdeněk, Janíček Tomáš, Horáková Lucie, Jose Luis Rodriguez Lorenzo
The oxidation of 5-methylcytosine (5mC) to 5-hydroxymethylcytosine (5hmC), 5-formylcytosine (5fC), and 5-carboxylcytosine (5caC), known as oxi-mCs, garners significant interest in plants as potential epigenetic marks. While research in mammals has established a role in cell reprogramming, carcinogenesis and gene regulation, their functions in plants remain unclear. In rice, 5hmC has been associated with transposable elements and heterochromatin. This study utilizes Silene latifolia, a dioecious plant with heteromorphic sex chromosomes and a genome with a large proportion of transposable elements, which provides a favourable environment for the study of oxi-mCs in individual sexes...
April 23, 2024: Journal of Experimental Botany
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marko Belamarić, Joško Miše, Zrinka Bukvić Mokos
Hidradenitis suppurativa (HS) is a chronic inflammatory skin condition characterized by painful inflammatory lesions, predominantly affecting areas of the skin rich in apocrine glands, such as inguinal, axillary, submammary, and anogenital regions, with an estimated global prevalence between 1%-4%. The treatment of HS is challenging with various treatment modalities employed to control the disease. Since the condition is chronic and life-impairing, many patients have looked for ways to complement their conventional treatment procedures with non-medical interventions, among which dietary interventions have been of particular interest...
December 2023: Acta Dermatovenerologica Croatica: ADC
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Victor Ntyak Bakut, Juyoul Kim
This study employs time series forecasting, specifically Seasonal Auto-Regressive Integrated Moving Average, to predict the radiological impact of uranium mining in Mika, Nigeria. By utilizing meteorological data to model the dispersion of radioactive emissions to receptors, allowing for a comprehensive assessment of potential health and environmental consequences. The study observed a slight change in the Total Effective Dose Equivalent (TEDE) at the nearest residence northeast receptor between the actual and the forecasted data...
April 22, 2024: Radiation Protection Dosimetry
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kent Lewén, Calle Waller, Henrik Grönberg, Ola Bratt
Prostate cancer is the most common cancer among Swedish men. To get this diagnose is not only a threat to the men's lives but also to their quality of life because the treatment often affects sexuality, bladder function and bowel function. It is therefore particularly problematic that the rehabilitation of men after treatment for prostate cancer often does not reach the standards set out in the national guidelines. Despite the past years' promotion of standardized cancer care pathways to speed up the process of investigating and treating cancer, the lead times for men who are being investigated for a suspicion of prostate cancer, or are waiting for a planned prostate cancer treatment, are the longest in Swedish cancer care...
April 23, 2024: Läkartidningen
#12
Matteo Meroni, Mario F Scaglioni
The management of lymphatic fistulas following surgical procedures, in particular after inguinal lymphadenectomy, represents a significant clinical challenge. The current case report shows the novel use of the superficial circumflex iliac perforator (SCIP) pedicle vein for lymphovenous anastomosis (LVA) to treat a chronic inguinal lymphatic fistula in a 58-year-old male patient. This patient had developed a persistent lymphorrhea and wound dehiscence after a right inguinal lymph node biopsy performed for oncological reasons 1...
May 2024: Microsurgery
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ai Nakai, Ikuharu Morioka
It is recommended that health promotion activities in the community focus on residents' strengths. Hence, this study explored the community strengths perceived by older adults living alone in a semi-mountainous rural region of Japan. A qualitative, descriptive approach was used. Content analysis was performed using data obtained through face-to-face interviews. Interview data were coded; codes were classified based on similarity to create subcategories and categories. The strengths within the community, as perceived by older adults living alone in a semi-mountainous rural region, were revealed in four categories related to ten subcategories: "loose connections with others", "active community participation", "close relationships with community professionals", and "familiarity with the living environment"...
April 2, 2024: Nursing Reports
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Glòria Reig-Garcia, David Cámara-Liebana, Rosa Suñer-Soler, Eva Pau-Perich, Miquel Sitjar-Suñer, Susana Mantas-Jiménez, Marta Roqueta-Vall-Llosera, Maria Del Carmen Malagón-Aguilera
BACKGROUND: Aging populations are driving a shift in emphasis toward enhancing chronic disease care, reflected in Catalonia's regional plan which prioritizes standardized nursing care plans in primary care settings. To achieve this, the ARES-AP program was established with a focus on harmonizing standards and supporting routine nursing clinical decision-making. This study evaluates nurses' perceptions of ARES-AP's standardized care plans for chronic diseases. METHODS: A mixed-methods approach based on an ad hoc questionnaire (n = 141) and a focus group (n = 14) was used...
March 29, 2024: Nursing Reports
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Itsuki Yoshikawa, Yuta Hikima, Masahiro Ohshima
In the processing of polymer blends and composites, in-line near-infrared (NIR) spectroscopy enables monitoring of the composition and its composite uniformity and contributes to rapid process development and quality control. However, in the injection molding process, the study of the composition of polymer materials has been delayed due to high-pressure conditions. Our research group developed NIR probes for transmission and diffuse reflectance measurements that can withstand high-pressure and temperature conditions up to 130 MPa and 200 °C...
April 23, 2024: Applied Spectroscopy
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Deepak Kumbhare, George Weistroffer, Sofia Goyanaga, Zi Ling Huang, Jacob Blagg, Mark S Baron
Although manifesting contrasting phenotypes, Parkinson's disease and dystonia, the two most common movement disorders, can originate from similar pathophysiology. Previously, we demonstrated that lesioning (silencing) of a discrete dorsal region in the globus pallidus (rodent equivalent to globus pallidus externa) in rats and produced parkinsonism, while lesioning a nearby ventral hotspot-induced dystonia. Presently, we injected fluorescent-tagged multi-synaptic tracers into these pallidal hotspots (n = 36 Long Evans rats) and permitted 4 days for the viruses to travel along restricted connecting pathways and reach the motor cortex before sacrificing the animals...
April 2024: Journal of Neuroscience Research
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanbo Qiu, Xiaohua Yi, Xiaoqin Tang, Yanpei Wei, Beibei Zhang, Shunan Duan, Shuhui Wang, Xiuzhu Sun
Immunoglobulin is an essential component of the body's defense against pathogens, aiding in the recognition and clearance of foreign antigens. Research concerning immunoglobulin gene and its diversity of expression across different breeds within the same species is relatively scarce. In this study, we employed RACE (Rapid Amplification of cDNA Ends) technology, prepared DNA libraries, performed high-throughput sequencing, and conducted related bioinformatics analysis to analyze the differences in immunoglobulin gene diversity and expression at different periods in Hy-line brown hens, Lueyang black-bone chickens, and Beijing-You chickens...
April 23, 2024: Journal of Animal Science
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Norazrin Ariffin, David Wells Newman, Michael G Nelson, Ronan O'cualain, Simon J Hubbard
MD2 pineapple ( Ananas comosus ) is the second most important tropical crop that preserves crassulacean acid metabolism (CAM), which has high water-use efficiency and is fast becoming the most consumed fresh fruit worldwide. Despite the significance of environmental efficiency and popularity, until very recently, its genome sequence has not been determined and a high-quality annotated proteome has not been available. Here, we have undertaken a pilot proteogenomic study, analyzing the proteome of MD2 pineapple leaves using liquid chromatography-mass spectrometry (LC-MS/MS), which validates 1781 predicted proteins in the annotated F153 (V3) genome...
April 23, 2024: Journal of Proteome Research
#19
Yanjie Cao, Dedong Yu, Yun Wu, Wei Zhu
INTRODUCTION: Pancreatic cancer is a highly aggressive malignancy with limited response to chemotherapy. This research aims to compare the effectiveness and safety of regional intra-arterial chemotherapy (RIAC) with conventional systemic chemotherapy in treating advanced stages of pancreatic cancer. METHODS: A comprehensive literature review was conducted using databases such as PubMed, Embase, Web of Science, and the Cochrane Library. Studies assessing the comparative outcomes of RIAC and systemic chemotherapy were included...
2024: Frontiers in Oncology
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Welma Pieterse, Marc De Meyer, Massimiliano Virgillio, Pia Addison
Identification of fruit fly larvae is difficult due to the limited morphological characteristics present. However, this is the stage at which fruit flies are intercepted at ports of entry through horticultural imports. Molecular tools are useful but are time-consuming and expensive compared to morphological identifications. This project aims to use available information from the literature and our own research to build a multi-entry identification key for thirteen tephritid species and species groups that are of economic concern for the European Union...
2024: ZooKeys
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