P65

OBJECTIVES: Orthodontic tooth movement is a mechanobiological reaction induced by appropriate forces, including bone remodeling. The mechanosensitive Piezo channels have been shown to contribute to bone remodeling. However, information about the pathways through which Piezo channels affects osteoblasts remains limited. Thus, we aimed to investigate the influence of Piezo1 on the osteogenic and osteoclast factors in osteoblasts under mechanical load. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Cyclic stretch (CS) experiments on MC3T3-E1 were conducted using a BioDynamic mechanical stretching device...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Corydalis decumbens (Thunb.) Pers. was used as stasis-eliminating medicine traditionally to treat cardiovascular disease potentially attributed to its antithrombotic effect, but lack of pharmacological research on it. AIM OF THE STUDY: To investigate the antithrombotic effect of C. decumbens and its preliminary mechanism. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A carrageenan-induced mouse thrombus model and adenosine diphosphate stimulated platelet aggregation of rabbits were used to confirm the inhibitory effect of C...

BACKGROUND: Psoriasis is a chronic, inflammatory skin disease. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) are an abundant class of non-coding RNA molecules. Recent studies have shown that multiple miRNAs are abnormally expressed in patients with psoriasis. The upregulation of miR-374a-5p has been associated with psoriasis severity. However, the specific role of miR-374a-5p in the pathogenesis of psoriasis remain unclear. METHODS: qRT-PCR was employed to validate the expression of miR-374a-5p in psoriatic lesions and in a psoriasis-like cell model constructed using a mixture of M5 (IL-17A, IL-22, OSM, IL-1α, and TNF-α)...

Polycystic Ovary Syndrome (PCOS) is a multifactorial reproductive, endocrine and metabolic disturbance which is very commonly observed in females of reproductive age group. The disease is still incurable however the use of synthetic drugs in combination with lifestyle is recommended. Accordingly, the present study was conducted to investigate the possible beneficial effects of sitagliptin on PCOS induced rats on control diet (CD)/high fat- high fructose diet (HFFD). PCOS was induced by giving testosterone propionate (TP) for 28 days to both the CD/HFFD rats and treated with STG i...

The potential of natural phytochemicals in addressing ethanol-related public safety concerns has been garnering attention. Galangin, a potent flavonoid renowned for its antioxidative and anti-inflammatory characteristics, is derived from the galanga plant, and propolis is derived from bees. Here, we documented the effects of galangin on ethanol-stimulated intestinal tight junction damage and investigated its potential protective mechanism in both in vivo and in vitro models, which has not been extensively investigated...

Decidual macrophages (dMϕs) play critical roles in regulation of immune-microhomeostasis at maternal-fetal interface during pregnancy, but the underlying molecular mechanisms are still unclear. In this study, it was found that litter size and fetal weight were significantly reduced, whereas the rate of embryo resorption was increased in miR-3074-5p knock-in (3074-KI) pregnant mice, compared to that of wild-type (WT) pregnant mice. Plasma levels of pro-inflammatory cytokines in 3074-KI pregnant mice were also significantly elevated compared to WT pregnant mice at GD7...

The tongue epithelium is maintained by a proliferative basal layer. This layer contains long-lived stem cells (SCs), which produce progeny cells that move up to the surface as they differentiate. B-lymphoma Mo-MLV insertion region 1 (Bmi1), a protein in mammalian Polycomb Repressive Complex 1 (PRC1) and a biomarker of oral squamous cell carcinoma, is expressed in almost all basal epithelial SCs of the tongue, and single, Bmi1-labelled SCs give rise to cells in all epithelial layers. We previously developed a transgenic mouse model (KrTB) containing a doxycycline- (dox) controlled, Tet-responsive element system to selectively overexpress Bmi1 in the tongue basal epithelial SCs...

Oral ingestion of probiotics is a promising approach to relieving inflammatory disease through regulating the gut microbiota. A newly discovered strain, Lactobacillus rhamnosus CY12 (LCY12), obtained from cattle-yak milk, displayed numerous probiotic properties. These included enhanced viability in low pH and bile environments, adhesion capabilities, and potent antimicrobial effects. The research aimed to explore the beneficial impacts of the novel LCY12 strain on colitis in mice induced by dextran sulfate sodium (DSS) and to elucidate the underlying molecular mechanisms...

OBJECTIVE: To compare the anti-inflammatory, antitumor and anti-bacterial effects of the single extract (in granules) and the prepared drug in pieces of Forsythia Suspense ( Lianqiao , a traditional Chinese herbal medicine). METHODS: In zebrafish embryo models of CuSO4 exposure, tail transection and LPS microinjection-induced inflammation, the anti-inflammatory effects of 10 μg/mL DEX, single extract of Forsythia Suspense, and the water extract of the prepared drug (400, 600, and 800 μg/mL) were evaluated by observing neutrophil counts, RT- qPCR, HE staining and survival analysis...

OBJECTIVE: To investigate the effects of α 7 nicotinic acetylcholine receptor (nAChR) agonist on β3-adrenoceptor agonist-induced impairment of white fat homeostasis and beige adipose formation and heat production in obese mice. METHODS: Forty obese C57BL/6J mice were randomized into high-fat feeding group, β3-adrenoceptor agonist-treated model group, α 7 nAChR agonist group, and α 7 nAChR inhibitor group ( n =10), with another 10 mice with normal feeding as the blank control group...

The interaction between bacteria and the host plays a vital role in the initiation and progression of systemic diseases, including gastrointestinal and oral diseases, due to the secretion of various virulence factors from these pathogens. GroEL, a potent virulence factor secreted by multiple oral pathogenic bacteria, is implicated in the damage of gingival epithelium, periodontal ligament, alveolar bone and other peripheral tissues. However, the underlying biomechanism is still largely unknown. In the present study, we verify that GroEL can trigger the activation of NLRP3 inflammasome and its downstream effector molecules, IL-1β and IL-18, in human periodontal ligament stem cells (hPDLSCs) and resultantly induce high activation of gelatinases (MMP-2 and MMP-9) to promote the degradation of extracellular matrix (ECM)...

BACKGROUND: Airway remodelling plays an important role in the pathogenesis of chronic obstructive pulmonary disease (COPD). Epithelial-mesenchymal transition (EMT) is a significant process during the occurrence of airway remodelling. Increasing evidence suggests that glucose transporter 3 (GLUT3) is involved in the epithelial mesenchymal transition (EMT) process of various diseases. However, the role of GLUT3 in EMT in the airway epithelial cells of COPD patients remains unclear. METHODS: We detected the levels of GLUT3 in the peripheral lung tissue of COPD patients and cigarette smoke (CS)-exposed mice...

INTRODUCTION: Total ginsenosides (TG), the major active constituents of ginseng, have been proven to be beneficial in treatment of Alzheimer's disease (AD). However, the underlying mechanism of TG remains unclear. METHODS: APP/PS1 mice and N2a/APP695 cells were used as in vivo and in vitro model, respectively. Morris water maze (MWM) was used to investigate behavioral changes of mice; neuronal pathological changes were assessed by hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) and nissl staining; immunofluorescence staining was used to examine amyloid beta (Aβ) deposition; Western blotting and quantitative real-time polymerase chain reaction (qRT-PCR) were used to examine the expression of relative amyloidogenic genes and proteins...

Background: The mechanism of lithium treatment responsiveness in bipolar disorder (BD) remains unclear. The aim of this study was to explore the utility of correlation coefficients and protein-to-protein interaction (PPI) network analyses of intracellular proteins in monocytes and CD4+ lymphocytes of patients with BD in studying the potential mechanism of lithium treatment responsiveness. Methods: Patients with bipolar I or II disorder who were diagnosed with the MINI for DSM-5 and at any phase of the illness with at least mild symptom severity and received lithium (serum level ≥ 0...

BACKGROUND: Acute pancreatitis (AP) is a clinically frequent acute abdominal condition, which refers to an inflammatory response syndrome of edema, bleeding, and even necrosis caused by abnormal activation of the pancreas's own digestive enzymes. Intestinal damage can occur early in the course of AP and is manifested by impaired intestinal mucosal barrier function, and inflammatory reactions of the intestinal mucosa, among other factors. It can cause translocation of intestinal bacteria and endotoxins, further aggravating the condition of AP...

BACKGROUND: Acute pulmonary embolism (APE) is classified as a subset of diseases that are characterized by lung obstruction due to various types of emboli. Current clinical APE treatment using anticoagulants is frequently accompanied by high risk of bleeding complications. Recombinant hirudin (R-hirudin) has been found to have antithrombotic properties. However, the specific impact of R-hirudin on APE remains unknown. METHODS: Sprague-Dawley (SD) rats were randomly assigned to five groups, with thrombi injections to establish APE models...

Acute kidney injury (AKI) is often accompanied by uremic encephalopathy resulting from accumulation of uremic toxins in brain possibly due to impaired blood-brain barrier (BBB) function. Anionic uremic toxins are substrates or inhibitors of organic anionic transporters (OATs). In this study we investigated the CNS behaviors and expression/function of BBB OAT3 in AKI rats and mice, which received intraperitoneal injection of cisplatin 8 and 20 mg/kg, respectively. We showed that cisplatin treatment significantly inhibited the expressions of OAT3, synaptophysin and microtubule-associated protein 2 (MAP2), impaired locomotor and exploration activities, and increased accumulation of uremic toxins in the brain of AKI rats and mice...

The neurotoxic α-synuclein (α-syn) oligomers play an important role in the occurrence and development of Parkinson's disease (PD), but the factors affecting α-syn generation and neurotoxicity remain unclear. We here first found that thrombomodulin (TM) significantly decreased in the plasma of PD patients and brains of A53T α-syn mice, and the increased TM in primary neurons reduced α-syn generation by inhibiting transcription factor p-c-jun production through Erk1/2 signaling pathway...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Exocarpium Citri Grandis (ECG), the epicarp of C. grandis 'Tomentosa' which is also known as Hua-Ju-Hong in China, has been widely used for thousands of years to treat inflammatory lung disorders such as asthma, and cough as well as dispelling phlegm. However, its underlying pharmacological mechanisms in acute lung injury (ALI) remain unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY: To explore the therapeutic effect of ECG on ALI and reveal the potential mechanisms based on experimental techniques in vivo and in vitro...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Astragalus mongholicus Bunge (AMB) is a herb with wide application in traditional Chinese medicine, exerting a wealth of pharmacological effects. AMB has been proven to have an evident therapeutic effect on ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, including cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). However, the specific mechanism underlying AMB in CIRI remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to investigate the potential role of AMB in CIRI through a comprehensive approach of network pharmacology and in vivo experimental research...