keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38501340/gap-junctions-in-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-implications-for-follicular-arrest
#21
REVIEW
Ying Zhu, Hongqiu Zhu, Peijuan Wu
Gap junctions are specialized intercellular conduits that provide a direct pathway between neighboring cells, which are involved in numerous physiological processes, such as cellular differentiation, cell growth, and metabolic coordination. The effect of gap junctional hemichannels in folliculogenesis is particularly obvious, and the down-regulation of connexins is related to abnormal follicle growth. Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is a ubiquitous endocrine disorder of the reproductive system, affecting the fertility of adult women due to anovulation...
March 19, 2024: Developmental Dynamics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499550/in-vitro-and-in-vivo-investigation-of-a-thyroid-hormone-system-specific-interaction-with-triazoles
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Asya Kadic, Patricia Oles, Benjamin Christian Fischer, Anne Elisabeth Reetz, Boubacar Sidiki Sylla, Katreece Feiertag, Vera Ritz, Tanja Heise, Philip Marx-Stoelting, Tewes Tralau, Kostja Renko, Marize de Lourdes Marzo Solano
Alterations in thyroid hormones (TH) and thyroid-stimulating hormone levels are frequently found following exposure to chemicals of concern. Dysregulation of TH levels can severely perturb physiological growth, metabolism, differentiation, homeostasis in the adult and developmental processes in utero. A frequently identified mode of action for this interaction is the induction of hepatic detoxification mechanisms (e.g. SULTs and UGTs), which lead to TH conjugation and elimination and therefore interfere with hormonal homeostasis, fulfilling the endocrine disruptors (EDs) definition...
March 18, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499427/addressing-the-untargeted-lipidomics-challenge-in-urine-samples-comparative-study-of-extraction-methods-by-uhplc-esi-qtof-ms
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Belen Fernandez Requena, Carolina Gonzalez-Riano, Coral Barbas
Urine analysis has remained a fundamental and widely used method in clinical diagnostics for over a century. With its minimal invasive nature and comprehensive range of analytes, urine has established itself as a clinical diagnostic tool for various disorders, including renal, urological, metabolic, and endocrine diseases. Furthermore, urine's unique attributes make it an attractive matrix for biomarker discovery, as well as in assessing the metabolic and physiological states of patients and healthy individuals alike...
April 22, 2024: Analytica Chimica Acta
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38499159/intermittent-fasting-and-longevity-from-animal-models-to-implication-for-humans
#24
REVIEW
Olha Strilbytska, Svitlana Klishch, Kenneth B Storey, Alexander Koliada, Oleh Lushchak
In recent years, intermittent fasting (IF) and its numerous modifications have been increasingly suggested as a promising therapy for age-related problems and a non-pharmacological strategy to extend lifespan. Despite the great variability in feeding schedules that we describe in the current work, underlying physiological processes are the same and include a periodic switch from glucose metabolism (generated by glycogenolysis) to fatty acids and fatty acid-derived ketones. Many of the beneficial effects of IF appear to be mediated by optimization of energy utilization...
March 16, 2024: Ageing Research Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38498129/radioiodine-whole-body-scan-pitfalls-in-differentiated-thyroid-cancer
#25
REVIEW
Cristina Basso, Alessandra Colapinto, Valentina Vicennati, Alessandra Gambineri, Carla Pelusi, Guido Di Dalmazi, Elisa Lodi Rizzini, Elena Tabacchi, Arber Golemi, Letizia Calderoni, Stefano Fanti, Uberto Pagotto, Andrea Repaci
PURPOSE: whole body scan (WBS) performed following diagnostic or therapeutic administration of I-131 is useful in patients with differentiated thyroid carcinoma. However, it can be falsely positive in various circumstances. We aimed to report a series of pitfalls in a clinical perspective. METHODS: A search in the database PubMed utilizing the following terms: "false radioiodine uptake" and "false positive iodine 131 scan" has been made in January 2023. Among the 346 studies screened, 230 were included in this review, with a total of 370 cases collected...
March 18, 2024: Endocrine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497306/is-membrane-androgen-and-estrogen-receptor-signaling-imperative-in-the-governing-function-of-the-adrenal-cortex-in-the-eurasian-beaver-castor-fiber-l
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
G Lonc, A Hrabia, I Krakowska, A J Korzekwa, M Zarzycka, D Wolak, M Wajdzik, M Kotula-Balak
There is a need to fully know the physiology of Eurasian beaver due to its essential role in environmental homeostasis. However, a "human factor" impacts this, including stress conditions and environmental pollution. Adrenal glands protect these all. The regulation of endocrine processes by nonclassical androgen and estrogen signaling, the first and fastest control, is still a matter of research. The specific analyses performed here in mature female and male beaver adrenals contained: anatomical and histological examinations, expression and localization of membrane androgen receptor (zinc transporter, Zinc- and Iron-like protein 9; ZIP9) and membrane estrogen receptor coupled with G protein (GPER), and measurement of zinc (Zn2+ ) and copper (Ca2+ ) ion levels and corticosterone levels...
March 18, 2024: Journal of Experimental Zoology. Part A, Ecological and Integrative Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38492742/-climate-and-environmental-crisis-impacts-on-women-s-health-what-specificities-what-can-be-done
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Catherine Azoulay
OBJECTIVE: Pollution is one of the world's largest risk factors for disease and premature death. In Europe, it is responsible for approximately 20% of mortality. Chemicals exposure can occur by inhalation, ingestion or skin contact and begins in utero. Pollutants can be divided into three categories: endocrine disruptors (pesticides, PFAS, plastics, dioxins, etc.), heavy metals (cadmium, mercury and lead...) and nanomaterials. Climate change and air pollution are other main health threats...
March 14, 2024: Gynecologie, Obstetrique, Fertilite & Senologie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38488566/relative-energy-deficiency-in-sport-reds-endocrine-manifestations-pathophysiology-and-treatments
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Angeliki M Angelidi, Konstantinos Stefanakis, Sharon H Chou, Laura Valenzuela-Vallejo, Konstantina Dipla, Chrysoula Boutari, Konstantinos Ntoskas, Panagiotis Tokmakidis, Alexander Kokkinos, Dimitrios G Goulis, Helen A Papadaki, Christos S Mantzoros
Research on lean, energy-deficient athletic and military cohorts has broadened the concept of the Female Athlete Triad into the Relative Energy Deficiency in Sport (REDs) syndrome. REDs represents a spectrum of abnormalities induced by low energy availability (LEA), which serves as the underlying cause of all symptoms described within the REDs concept, affecting exercising populations of either biological sex. Both short- and long-term LEA, in conjunction with other moderating factors, may produce a multitude of maladaptive changes that impair various physiological systems and adversely affect health, well-being, and sport performance...
March 15, 2024: Endocrine Reviews
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38487056/increased-prevalence-of-adverse-health-outcomes-across-the-lifespan-in-those-affected-by-polycystic-ovary-syndrome-a-canadian-population-cohort
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Donna Vine, Mahua Ghosh, Ting Wang, Jeffrey Bakal
BACKGROUND: Polycystic ovary syndrome (PCOS) is the most common metabolic-endocrine disorder impacting the health and quality of life of women over the lifespan. Evidence-based data on the scope of adverse health outcomes in those affected by PCOS is critical to improve healthcare and quality of life in this population. The aim of this study was to determine the prevalence of adverse health outcomes in those with PCOS compared to age-matched controls. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective observational case-control study in those diagnosed with PCOS and age-matched controls using the Alberta Health Services Health Analytics database and the International Classification of Diseases, for the period from 2002-2018 in Alberta, Canada...
February 2024: CJC open
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38482495/longitudinal-hair-cortisol-in-bipolar-disorder-and-a-mechanism-based-on-hpa-dynamics
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomer Milo, Lior Maimon, Ben Cohen, Dafna Haran, Dror Segman, Tamar Danon, Anat Bren, Avi Mayo, Gadi Cohen Rappaport, Melvin McInnis, Uri Alon
Bipolar disorder (BD) is marked by fluctuating mood states over months to years, often with elevated cortisol levels. Elevated cortisol can also trigger mood episodes. Here, we combine longitudinal hair cortisol and mood measurements with mathematical modeling to provide a potential mechanistic link between cortisol and mood timescales in BD. Using 12 cm hair samples, representing a year of growth, we found enhanced year-scale cortisol fluctuations whose amplitude averaged 4-fold higher in BD (n = 26) participants than controls (n = 59)...
March 15, 2024: IScience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38481146/protein-kinase-a-in-neurological-disorders
#31
REVIEW
Alexander G P Glebov-McCloud, Walter S Saide, Marie E Gaine, Stefan Strack
Cyclic adenosine 3', 5' monophosphate (cAMP)-dependent Protein Kinase A (PKA) is a multi-functional serine/threonine kinase that regulates a wide variety of physiological processes including gene transcription, metabolism, and synaptic plasticity. Genomic sequencing studies have identified both germline and somatic variants of the catalytic and regulatory subunits of PKA in patients with metabolic and neurodevelopmental disorders. In this review we discuss the classical cAMP/PKA signaling pathway and the disease phenotypes that result from PKA variants...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Neurodevelopmental Disorders
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38479993/pancreatic-%C3%AE-cell-failure-clinical-implications-and-therapeutic-strategies-in-type-2-diabetes
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daxin Cui, Xingrong Feng, Siman Lei, Hongmei Zhang, Wanxin Hu, Shanshan Yang, Xiaoqian Yu, Zhiguang Su
Pancreatic β-cell failure due to a reduction in function and mass has been defined as a primary contributor to the progression of type 2 diabetes (T2D). Reserving insulin-producing β-cells and hence restoring insulin production are gaining attention in translational diabetes research, and β-cell replenishment has been the main focus for diabetes treatment. Significant findings in β-cell proliferation, transdifferentiation, pluripotent stem cell differentiation, and associated small molecules have served as promising strategies to regenerate β-cells...
March 13, 2024: Chinese Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478241/bioreactor-culture-to-create-adipose-tissue-from-human-mesenchymal-stromal-cells
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katelyn E Lipa, Meagan J Makarcyzk, Sophie Hines, Celeste E Lintz, Bruce A Bunnell, Hang Lin
Adipose tissue is a complex and multifaceted endocrine organ located throughout the body. The dysfunction of adipose tissue is known to induce a wide variety of comorbidities that can negatively impact one's health and quality of life. In addition to behavioral changes, drugs that target dysfunctional adipose tissue to treat associated diseases are clinically needed. Regarding drug-testing platforms, animal models are the most popular models, limited by known differences from humans in genetics and physiology...
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38478240/in-vitro-culture-of-white-adipose-tissue
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jake J Fontenot, Frank H Lau
White adipose tissue (WAT) plays a crucial endocrine organ that regulates blood glucose and lipid levels, satiety, and inflammation. Before the described technique, primary white adipocytes could not be stably cultured in vitro. The lack of a reliable primary culture model impeded research in WAT metabolism and drug development. We have developed a novel technique for WAT primary culture called "sandwiched white adipose tissue" (SWAT). SWAT overcomes the natural buoyancy of adipocytes by sandwiching minced WAT between sheets of adipose-derived stromal cells...
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477876/effects-of-a-bitter-substance-denatonium-benzoate-on-pancreatic-hormone-secretion
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weikun Huang, Stephanie E O'Hara, Cong Xie, Ning Liu, Christopher K Rayner, Lisa M Nicholas, Tongzhi Wu
There is increasing evidence linking bitter taste receptor (BTR) signalling to gut hormone secretion and glucose homeostasis. However, its effect on islet hormone secretion has been poorly characterised. This study investigated the effect of the bitter substance, denatonium benzoate (DB), on hormone secretion from mouse pancreatic islets and INS-1 832/13 cells. DB (0.5-1mM) augmented insulin secretion at both 2.8mM and 16.7mM glucose. This effect was no longer present at 5mM DB likely due to greater levels of cellular apoptosis...
March 13, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477875/brown-adipose-tissue-metabolism-in-women-is-dependent-on-ovarian-status
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Denis P Blondin, Francois Haman, Tracy M Swibas, Sophie Hogan-Lamarre, Lauralyne Dumont, Jolan Guertin, Gabriel Richard, Quentin Weissenburger, Kerry L Hildreth, Irene E Schauer, Shelby Panter, Liza Wayland, André C Carpentier, Yubin Miao, Jiayun Shi, Elizabeth Jaruez-Colunga, Wendy M Kohrt, Edward L Melanson
In rodents, loss of estradiol (E2 ) reduces brown adipose tissue (BAT) metabolic activity. Whether E2 impacts BAT activity in women is not known. BAT oxidative metabolism was measured in premenopausal (N=27, 35±9 years, body mass index (BMI) = 26.0±5.3 kg/m2 ) and postmenopausal (N=25, 51±8 years, BMI = 28.0±5.0 kg/m2 ) women at room temperature (RT) and during acute cold exposure using [11 C]-acetate with positron emission tomography coupled with computed tomography (PET/CT). BAT glucose uptake was also measured during acute cold exposure using 2-deoxy-2-[18 F]fluoro-D-glucose ([18 F]FDG)...
March 13, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477667/the-anti-emetic-actions-of-gip-receptor-agonism
#37
REVIEW
Tito Borner, Bart C De Jonghe, Matthew R Hayes
Nausea and vomiting are primitive aspects of mammalian physiology and behavior that ensure survival. Unfortunately, both are ubiquitously present side effects of drug treatments for many chronic diseases with negative consequences on pharmacotherapy tolerance, quality of life, and prognosis. One of the most critical clinical examples is the profound emesis and nausea that occur in patients undergoing chemotherapy, which continue to be among the most distressing side effects, even with the use of modern anti-emetic medications...
March 13, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477666/incretin-and-glucagon-receptor-polypharmacology-in-chronic-kidney-disease
#38
REVIEW
Brandon E McFarlin, Kevin L Duffin, Anish Konkar
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a debilitating condition associated with significant morbidity and mortality. In recent years, the kidney effects of incretin-based therapies, particularly glucagon-like peptide-1 receptor agonists (GLP-1RAs), have garnered substantial interest in the management of type 2 diabetes (T2D) and obesity. This review delves into the intricate interactions between the kidney, GLP-1RAs, and glucagon, shedding light on their mechanisms of action and potential kidney benefits. Both GLP-1 and glucagon, known for their opposing roles in regulating glucose homeostasis, improve systemic risk factors affecting the kidney, including adiposity, inflammation, oxidative stress, and endothelial function...
March 13, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477665/metabolic-associated-fatty-liver-disease-is-characterized-by-a-post-oral-glucose-load-hyperinsulinemia-in-individuals-with-mild-metabolic-alterations
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Théo Gignac, Gabrielle Trépanier, Marion Pradeau, Arianne Morissette, Anne-Laure Agrinier, Eric Larose, Julie Marois, Geneviève Pilon, Claudia Gagnon, Marie-Claude Vohl, André Marette, Anne-Marie Carreau
Metabolic-associated fatty liver disease (MAFLD) has been identified as risk factor of incident type 2 diabetes (T2D), but the underlying postprandial mechanisms remains unclear. We compared the glucose metabolism, insulin resistance, insulin secretion and insulin clearance post-oral glucose tolerance test (OGTT) between individuals with and without MAFLD. We included 50 individuals with a BMI between 25-40 kg/m2 and ≥1 metabolic alteration: increased fasting triglycerides or insulin, plasma glucose 5...
March 13, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38477664/the-prostaglandin-e-2-ep3-receptor-has-disparate-effects-on-islet-insulin-secretion-and-content-in-%C3%AE-cells-in-a-high-fat-diet-induced-mouse-model-of-obesity
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joshua C Neuman, Austin Reuter, Kathryn A Carbajal, Michael D Schaid, Grant Kelly, Kelsey Connors, Cecilia Kaiser, Joshua Krause, Liam D Hurley, Angela Olvera, Dawn Belt Davis, Jaclyn A Wisinski, Maureen Gannon, Michelle E Kimple
Signaling through Prostaglandin E2 EP3 receptor (EP3) actively contributes to the β-cell dysfunction of type 2 diabetes (T2D). In T2D models, full-body EP3 knockout mice have a significantly worse metabolic phenotype than wild-type controls due to hyperphagia and severe insulin resistance resulting from loss of EP3 in extra-pancreatic tissues, masking any potential beneficial effects of EP3 loss in the β-cell. We hypothesized β-cell-specific EP3 knockout (EP3 βKO) mice would be protected from high-fat diet (HFD)-induced glucose intolerance, phenocopying mice lacking the EP3 effector, Gɑz , which is much more limited in its tissue distribution...
March 13, 2024: American Journal of Physiology. Endocrinology and Metabolism
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