Amniotic tissue

The adnexa fetal tissues are sources of mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) due to their noninvasive harvest, with all biological material discarded most of the time. MSCs are a promise regarding to their plasticity, self-renewal, differentiation potentials, immunomodulatory and anti-inflammatory properties, which have made clinical stem cell therapy a reality. The present study aimed to characterize and evaluate the immunomodulation ability of bovine mesenchymal cells collected from bovine amniotic fluid (bAFMSCs) isolated and subjected to sixth consecutive culture passages in vitro ...

Human amniotic membrane (hAM) is a collagen-based extracellular matrix that facilitates regenerative wound care. hAM offers several advantageous properties that promote epithelial cell growth, granulation, and angiogenesis. This case report demonstrates how Vivex Cygnus Matrix (Vivex Biologics, Miami, FL, USA) amniotic membrane was used over four weeks to graft a traumatic index finger injury that occurred while fishing. Cygnus Matrix allograft was first placed 72 hours after the accident. Following graft placement, the patient noted an immediate relief in pain and was able to return to all normal daily work activities within 48 hours of graft placement...

The reparative properties of amniotic membrane allografts are well-suited for a broad spectrum of specialties. Further enhancement of their utility can be achieved by designing to the needs of each application through the development of novel processing techniques and tissue configurations. As such, this study evaluated the material characteristics and biological properties of two PURION® processed amniotic membrane products, a lyophilized human amnion, intermediate layer, and chorion membrane (LHACM) and a dehydrated human amnion, chorion membrane (DHACM)...

Amniotic membrane extract (AME) and Wharton's jelly mesenchymal stem cells derived-exosomes (WJ-MSC-Exos) are promising therapeutic solutions explored for their potential in tissue engineering and regenerative medicine, particularly in skin and corneal wound healing applications. AME is an extract form of human amniotic membrane and known to contain a plethora of cytokines and growth factors, making it a highly attractive option for topical applications. Similarly, WJ-MSC-Exos have garnered significant interest for their wound healing properties...

Background: Osteoporosis is a systemic bone disease characterized by bone loss and microstructural degeneration. Recent preclinical and clinical trials have further demonstrated that the transplantation of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from human adipose tissue (AD), dental pulp (DP), placental amniotic membrane (AM), and umbilical cord (UC) tissues can serve as an effective form of cell therapy for osteoporosis. However, MSC-mediated osteoimmunology and the ability of these cells to regulate osteoclast-osteoblast differentiation varies markedly among different types of MSCs...

Diabetic foot ulcers (DFUs) pose a significant threat to individuals with diabetes mellitus (DM), such as lower limb amputation and severe morbidity. Bioengineered skin substitutes (BSS) are alternatives to traditional interventions for treating DFUs, but their efficacy compared to standard wound care (SWC) or other treatment types, such as allografts, remains unknown. A scoping review of human studies was conducted to identify current approaches in the treatment of DFUs using BSS as compared with other treatment options...

The environment created during embryogenesis contributes to reducing aberrations that drive structural malformations and tumorigenesis. In this study, we investigate the anti-cancer effect of mesenchymal stem cells (MSCs) derived from 2 different gestational tissues, the amniotic fluid (AF) and the chorionic villi (CV), with emphasis on their secretome. Transcriptomic analysis was performed on patient-derived AF- and CV-MSCs collected during prenatal diagnosis and identified both mRNAs and lncRNAs, involved in tissue homeostasis and inhibiting biological processes associated with the etiology of aggressive cancers while regulating immune pathways shown to be important in chronic disorders...

INTRODUCTION: During pregnancy, the dynamic metabolic demands for fetal growth require a continuous supply of essential metabolites. Understanding maternal metabolome changes during gestation is crucial for predicting disease risks in neonates. METHODS: The study aimed to characterize the placental and amniotic fluid (AF) metabolomes during gestation in rats at gestational days GD-13 and 19 reflecting the end of the embryonic and fetal periods, respectively, and the maternal plasma, using metabolomics (LC-MS) and chemometrics...

Basement membranes (BMs) are sheet-like structures of extracellular matrix (ECM) that provide structural support for many tissues and play a central role in signaling. They are key regulators of cell behavior and tissue functions, and defects in their assembly or composition are involved in numerous human diseases. Due to the differences between human and animal embryogenesis, ethical concerns, legal constraints, the scarcity of human tissue material, and the inaccessibility of the in vivo condition, BM regulation during human embryo development has remained elusive...

BACKGROUND: Perinatal inflammation increases the risk for bronchopulmonary dysplasia in preterm neonates, but the underlying pathophysiological mechanisms remain largely unknown. Given their anti-inflammatory and regenerative capacity, multipotent adult progenitor cells (MAPC) are a promising cell-based therapy to prevent and/or treat the negative pulmonary consequences of perinatal inflammation in the preterm neonate. Therefore, the pathophysiology underlying adverse preterm lung outcomes following perinatal inflammation and pulmonary benefits of MAPC treatment at the interface of prenatal inflammatory and postnatal ventilation exposures were elucidated...

INTRODUCTION: Wound healing is severely compromised in patients with diabetes owing to factors such poor blood circulation, delayed immune response, elevated blood sugar levels, and neuropathy. Although the development of new wound healing products and prevention of serious complications such as infections in wounds have received substantial interest, wound healing remains a challenge in regenerative medicine. Burn wounds, especially third-degree burns, are difficult to treat because they are associated with immune and inflammatory reactions and distributive shock...

BACKGROUND: Hepatic fibrosis (HF) is a common pathological feature of chronic hepatic diseases. We aimed to illuminate the significance of amniotic mesenchymal stem cells (AMSCs)-derived extracellular vesicles (AMSCs-EVs) in HF. METHODS: Human AMSCs-EVs were isolated and identified. HF mice were constructed and treated with EVs. The fibrosis was observed by staining experiments and Western blot (WB) assay. Alanine aminotransferase (ALT), aspartate aminotransferase (AST), total bilirubin (TBIL), and hepatic hydroxyproline (Hyp) were detected to confirm liver function...

The standard of care to treat small- and medium-sized macular holes (<400μm diameter) consists of a conventional transconjunctival sutureless pars plana vitrectomy followed by ILM peeling and endotamponade, mainly with gas or in some cases with silicone oil, resulting in closure rates of over 90% and good functional results. Large (>400μm diameter), chronic and persistent macular holes remain a surgical challenge since closure rates and functional results decrease with larger macular hole diameters...

OBJECTIVE: The objective of this study was to assess the characterization of human acellular amniotic membrane (HAAM) using various decellularization methods and their impact on the proliferation and differentiation of human dental pulp stem cells (DPSCs). The goal was to identify scaffold materials that are better suited for pulp regeneration. METHODS: Six different decellularization methods were used to generate the amniotic membranes. The characteristics of these scaffolds were examined through hematoxylin and eosin (H&E) staining, scanning electron microscopy (SEM), and immunohistofluorescence staining (IHF)...

Lactate, an abundant molecule in fetal fluids and blood of mammalian species is often overlooked as a metabolic waste product generated during pregnancy. Most of the glucose and fructose consumed by ovine conceptuses is converted to lactate, but proteins involved in lactate metabolism and transport have not been investigated. This study characterized total lactate produced by ovine conceptuses throughout gestation, as well as expression of mRNAs and proteins involved in lactate metabolism. Lactate increased in abundance in the uterine lumen during the preimplantation period and was more abundant than pyruvate...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: This study considers the cost-effectiveness of commonly used cellular, acellular, and matrix‑like products (CAMPs) of human origin also known as human cell and tissue products (HCT/Ps) in the management of diabetic foot ulcers. METHODS: We developed a 1-year economic model assessing six CAMPs [cryopreserved placental membrane with viable cells (vCPM), bioengineered bilayered living cellular construct (BLCC), human fibroblast dermal substitute (hFDS), dehydrated human amnion chorion membrane (dHACM), hypothermically stored amniotic membrane (HSAM) and human amnion membrane allograft (HAMA) which had randomized controlled trial evidence compared with standard of care (SoC)...

BACKGROUND: The severity of pulmonary hypoplasia is a main determinant of outcome for babies with congenital diaphragmatic hernia (CDH). Antenatal administration of extracellular vesicles derived from amniotic fluid stem cells (AFSC-EVs) has been shown to rescue morphological features of lung development in the rat nitrofen model of CDH. Herein, we evaluated whether AFSC-EV administration to fetal rats with CDH is associated with neonatal improvement in lung function. METHODS: AFSC-EVs were isolated by ultracentrifugation and characterized by size, morphology, and canonical marker expression...

Human amniotic membranes (hAMs) are widely used as wound management biomaterials, especially as grafts for corneal reconstruction due to the structure of the extracellular matrix and excellent biological properties. However, their fragile nature and rapid degradation rate hinder widespread clinical use. In this work, we engineered a novel self-powered electronic dress (E-dress), combining the beneficial properties of an amniotic membrane and a flexible electrical electrode to enhance wound healing. The E-dress displayed a sustained discharge capacity, leading to increased epidermal growth factor (EGF) release from amniotic mesenchymal interstitial stem cells...

OBJECTIVE: Anchoring the fetal membrane to the uterine wall via a novel suture delivery system could reduce the risk of preterm premature rupture of membranes (PPROM) after fetoscopic surgery. This study assesses the feasibility of using a novel device designed for minimally invasive suturing to anchor fetal membranes to the uterine wall and to close surgical defects after fetoscopy. METHODS: We tested the suturing device both ex vivo and in vivo. In the ex vivo studies, 12-French trocar defects were created with a fetoscope in five specimens of human uterine tissue with fetal membranes attached...

Background: Meniscal tears are one of the most frequent injuries to the knee, with an estimated incidence of 222 per 100,000 individuals aged 18 to 55 years based on magnetic resonance imaging. Poor outcomes following meniscal surgical interventions are common and have led many surgeons to use biologic augmentation strategies to enhance the healing. Methods: We conducted a single-center, retrospective, observational study of patients who underwent arthroscopic meniscectomy with and without adjunctive platelet-rich plasma (PRP) or the particulate form of amniotic umbilical cord (AMUC) tissue...