P2y1 and hyperglycemia

Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) is characterized by hyperglycemia. The liver has a critical role in regulating glucose homeostasis. The present study aimed to analyze hepatic gene expression profiles and to identify the key genes and pathways involved in T2DM. Gene expression profiles of 10 patients with T2DM and 7 subjects with normal glucose tolerance were downloaded from the Gene Expression Omnibus database. Subsequently, differentially expressed genes (DEGs) were identified and functional enrichment analysis was performed...

PURPOSE: We determined the role of purine and pyrimidine nucleotides in erectile function in diabetic rats. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 60 adult male rats were divided into 2 groups, including 30 controls and 30 treated with streptozotocin (60 mg/kg) for 8 weeks to induce hyperglycemia. Changes in intracavernous pressure after intracrural injections of adenosine 5'triphosphate and adenosine 5'triphosphate analogues in control and diabetic rats, and the relaxant response to electrical field stimulation of precontracted corpus cavernosum smooth muscle in organ baths were investigated...

AMP-activated protein kinase (AMPK) plays a key role in the regulation of energy homeostasis and is activated in response to cellular stress, including hypoxia/ischemia and hyperglycemia. The stress events are accompanied by rapid release of extracellular nucleotides from damaged tissues or activated endothelial cells (EC) and platelets. We demonstrate that extracellular nucleotides (ATP, ADP, and UTP, but not UDP) and adenosine independently induce phosphorylation and activation of AMPK in human umbilical vein EC (HUVEC) by the mechanism that is not linked to changes in AMP:ATP ratio...