Nishita

OBJECTIVES: Colchicine is commonly used to prevent flares when starting urate-lowering therapy for gout. Patients with gout are frequently concurrently prescribed other medications (such as statins) that may interact with colchicine, increasing the risk of adverse events. The aim of this study was to describe potential prognostic factors for adverse events in patients prescribed colchicine when initiating allopurinol. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study in linked UK Clinical Practice Research Datalink and Hospital Episode Statistics datasets...

A 39-year-old man presented for mechanical thrombectomy after receiving systemic tissue plasminogen activator (tPA) for a basilar artery occlusion. The anesthesiology team was initially unable to intubate the patient due to oropharyngeal bleeding and a large epiglottis. Two-handed, 2-provider mask ventilation with an oral airway proved difficult. The team successfully placed a supraglottic airway (SGA) through which an oral endotracheal tube (ETT) was advanced over a fiberoptic bronchoscope into the trachea...

This mixed-methods study was conducted to explore the role of faith in mental health among Latino women (Latinas) during the COVID-19 pandemic. As part of a lifestyle study, surveys were administered to 89 participants during the 1st year of the pandemic. Specifically, a focus group was conducted with participants (n = 6) directly affected by COVID-19 (i.e., self or family member). The results showed inverse correlations between religiosity and both depression and anxiety, as well as positive correlations among religious practices, religious coping, and religiosity...

Background/Objectives: Currently, there are insufficient data to recommend the treatment of patients with hepatitis B e antigen (HBeAg)-negative chronic infection who have normal ALT and low HBV DNA, since the prognosis is generally regarded as favorable. The aim of this pilot study was to determine whether the use of tenofovir disoproxil fumarate (TDF) 300 mg/day for 3 years was able to achieve functional cure (HBsAg loss) and HBsAg seroconversion in HBeAb-positive individuals. Methods: Fifty patients not on antiviral therapy (40% men, mean age 48...

BACKGROUND: Adopting artificial intelligence in medicine may improve speed and accuracy in patient diagnosis. We sought to develop an artificial intelligence (AI) algorithm to interpret wide complex tachycardia (WCT) electrocardiograms (ECG) and compare its diagnostic accuracy to cardiologists. METHODS: Using 3330 WCT ECGs (2906 SVT and 424 VT), we created a training/validation (3131) and test set (199 ECGs). A convolutional neural network (CNN) structure using a modification of differentiable architecture search (DARTS), ZeroLess-DARTS, was developed to differentiate between SVT and VT...

Ror-family receptors, Ror1 and Ror2, are type I transmembrane proteins that possess an extracellular cysteine-rich domain, which is conserved throughout the Frizzled-family receptors and is a binding site for Wnt ligands. Both Ror1 and Ror2 function primarily as receptors or co-receptors for Wnt5a to activate the β-catenin-independent, non-canonical Wnt signaling, thereby regulating cell polarity, migration, proliferation, and differentiation depending on the context. Ror1 and Ror2 are expressed highly in many tissues during embryogenesis but minimally or scarcely in adult tissues, with some exceptions...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The impact of time of metastasis onset with respect toprimary renal cell carcinoma (RCC) diagnosis on survival outcomes is not well characterized in the era of immune checkpoint inhibitor (ICI)-based combinations. Herein, we assessed differences in clinical outcomes between synchronous and metachronous metastatic RCC (mRCC). METHODS: Data for patients with mRCC treated with first-line ICI-based combination therapies between 2014 and 2023 were retrospectively collected...

INTRODUCTION: Taurine has diverse valuable biological functions, including antioxidant activity and regulation of osmotic pressure. Maintaining physical fitness from middle age is important for healthy life expectancy. Although taurine administration improves muscle endurance and strength, its role in maintenance remains unclear. We aimed to clarify the longitudinal taurine intake association with fitness changes. METHODS: Participants comprised men and women aged ≥40 years who participated in the third (2002-2004; Baseline) and seventh (2010-2012; Follow-up) waves of the National Institute for Longevity Sciences-Longitudinal Study of Aging (NILS-LSA) and completed a 3-day dietary weights recording survey at baseline...

INTRODUCTION: Rechallenge with antibodies targeting programmed cell death protein-1 or its ligand (PD-1/L1) after discontinuation or disease progression in solid tumors following a prior PD-1/L1 treatment is often practiced in clinic. This study aimed to investigate if adding PD-1/L1 inhibitors to cabozantinib, the most used second-line treatment in real-world patients with metastatic clear cell renal cell carcinoma (mccRCC), offers additional benefits. METHODS: Using de-identified patient-level data from a large real-world US-based database, patients diagnosed with mccRCC, who received any PD-1/L1-based combination in first-line (1L) setting, followed by second-line (2L) therapy with either cabozantinib alone or in combination with PD-1/L1 inhibitors were included...

BACKGROUND: Androgen deprivation therapy (ADT) intensification (ADTi) (i.e., ADT with androgen receptor pathway inhibitor or docetaxel, or both) has significantly improved survival outcomes of patients with metastatic hormone-sensitive prostate cancer (mHSPC). However, the impact of prior ADTi in the mHSPC setting on the disease presentation and survival outcomes in metastatic castration-resistant prostate cancer (mCRPC) is not well characterized. In this study, our objective was to compare the disease characteristics and survival outcomes of patients with new mCRPC with respect to receipt of intensified or nonintensified ADT in the mHSPC setting...

BACKGROUND AND AIM: To establish lesion sterilization and tissue repair (LSTR) therapy as an alternate treatment option in managing infected primary molars with poor prognosis that were indicated for extraction, thereby fulfilling the objective of retaining the primary tooth till its normal exfoliation in the dental arch. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A total of 84 children who met the inclusion criteria requiring extraction in 142 teeth involving primary molars were included in the study...

Fibro-osseous lesions (FOLs) of the craniomaxillofacial region comprise a group of developmental, dysplastic, and neoplastic alterations. FOLs include ossifying fibromas (OF), cemento-ossifying fibroma (COF), familial gigantiform cementoma (FGC), fibrous dysplasia (FD), and cemento-osseous dysplasia (COD). Evidence suggests that some FOL, especially FD and OF may have a risk of spontaneous malignant transformation. This report documents a rare case of malignant transformation of ossifying fibromas of the jaw and the probable cause for same...

The microRNA-200 (miR-200) family is a potent suppressor of epithelial-to-mesenchymal transition (EMT). While its role as a tumor suppressor has been well documented, recent studies suggested that it can promote cancer progression in several stages. In this study, we investigated whether the miR-200 family members play a role in the acquisition of a hybrid epithelial/mesenchymal (E/M) state, which is reported to be associated with cancer malignancy, in mesenchymal MDA-MB-231 cells. Our results demonstrated that the induction of miR-200c-141, a cluster of the miR-200 family member, can induce the expression of epithelial gene and cell-cell junction while mesenchymal markers are retained...

Benign osseous tumors of mesodermal origin that are included within the group of fibro-osseous lesions include cemento-ossifying fibromas (COFs). The fibrocellular component of these diseases originates from the periodontal ligament, which deposits bone and cementum encased in fibrous tissue. It typically appears in the mandible and presents as a solitary, nonaggressive, slowly developing, asymptomatic, expansile lesion, rarely occurring in the maxilla. The only intervention that proved to be successful in producing excellent outcomes and that may be regarded as a final therapeutic option is the complete surgical removal of COFs...

INTRODUCTION: Mouse models of radiation injury are critical to the development of medical countermeasures (MCMs) against radiation. Now that MCMs against hematopoietic acute radiation syndrome (H-ARS) have achieved regulatory approval, attention is shifting to develop MCMs against the adverse effects of gastrointestinal acute radiation syndrome (GI-ARS) and delayed effects of acute radiation exposure (DEARE). The C57L/J mouse model of partial body irradiation (PBI) with 2.5% bone marrow shielding (BM2...

BACKGROUND: Magnetic resonance imaging infarct topography may assist with determining stroke etiology. The influence of diffusion-weighted imaging (DWI)-positive lesions on etiology determination in patients with transient ischemic attack or minor stroke is not well studied. METHODS AND RESULTS: We prospectively enrolled patients between 2010 and 2017 in 2 studies; participants with a final diagnosis of probable or definite transient ischemic attack or stroke were pooled for analysis...

The case discussion demonstrates the benefit of using Pharmacogenomic (PGx) results to aid in the selection of antidepressant therapy and improve response to treatment. Nearly half of patients diagnosed with major depressive disorder fail initial therapy and may require multiple trials of antidepressants. Genetic variation in several metabolic enzymes contribute to the variable response to antidepressant therapy. PGx testing provides an opportunity to inform antidepressant selection and optimize therapeutic outcomes, while minimizing risk of adverse events...

The objective of this case report is to illustrate pharmacogenomics (PGx)-guided oxycodone treatment, given the conflicting data on the analgesic response from oxycodone in Cytochrome P450 (CYP)2D6 poor metabolizers (PMs). PGx-guided therapy can help improve treatment outcomes. This case report describes a 58-year-old patient who was prescribed oxycodone for chronic pain management. The patient presented with a history of inadequate pain control despite analgesic treatment with oxycodone (morphine milliequivalent [MME] = 22...

The objective of this aims to demonstrate the advantage of a pharmacogenomics (PGx)-informed medication review in mitigating adverse drug events (ADEs) and optimizing therapeutic outcomes. PGx testing and PGx-informed medication reviews assist in mitigating ADEs. PGx testing was performed on a 68-year-old male presenting with uncontrolled chronic pain. The PGx results highlighted a drug-gene interaction, aiding in identification of the increased risk of statin-associated muscle symptoms (SAMS) attributing to uncontrolled chronic pain...

BACKGROUND: The role of spirituality in people's lives, particularly the lives of health professionals, as well as its impact on mental health issues like anger and aggressiveness and resilience, are particularly significant. Therefore, the purpose of this study was to examine the link between the propensity for violence and personal resilience in dental students by taking into account the function of spirituality as a mediator. MATERIALS AND METHODS: In this cross-sectional questionnaire survey, 211 volunteer dentistry students participated from a government institute in Jammu and Kashmir, India using a stratified sample procedure...