keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531678/a-cytological-f1-rnai-screen-for-defects-in-drosophila-melanogaster-female-meiosis
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
William D Gilliland, Dennis P May, Amelia O Bowen, Kelly O Conger, Doreen Elrad, Marcin Marciniak, Sarah A Mashburn, Gabrielle Presbitero, Lucas F Welk
Genetic screens for recessive alleles induce mutations, make the mutated chromosomes homozygous, and then assay those homozygotes for the phenotype of interest. When screening for genes required for female meiosis, the phenotype of interest has typically been nondisjunction from chromosome segregation errors. As this requires that mutant females be viable and fertile, any mutants that are lethal or sterile when homozygous cannot be recovered by this approach. To overcome these limitations, we have screened the VALIUM22 collection of RNAi constructs that target germline-expressing genes in a vector optimized for germline expression by driving RNAi with GAL4 under control of a germline-specific promoter (nanos or mat-alpha4)...
March 26, 2024: Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526222/the-adaptor-protein-ecap-the-co-repressor-leunig-and-the-transcription-factor-beh3-interact-and-regulate-microsporocyte-generation-in-arabidopsis
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lei Shi, Changjiang Li, Gaofeng Lv, Xing Li, Wutao Feng, Yujing Bi, Wenhui Wang, Youqun Wang, Lei Zhu, Wenqiang Tang, Ying Fu
Histo-specification and morphogenesis of anthers during development in Arabidopsis (Arabidopsis thaliana) are well understood. However, the regulatory mechanism of microsporocyte generation at the pre-meiotic stage remains unclear, especially how archesporial cells are specified and differentiate into two cell lineages with distinct developmental fates. SPOROCYTELESS (SPL) is a key reproductive gene that is activated during early anther development and remains active. In this study, we demonstrated that the EAR motif-containing adaptor protein (ECAP) interacts with the Gro/Tup1 family co-repressor LEUNIG (LUG) and the BES1/BZR1 HOMOLOG3 (BEH3) transcription factor to form a transcription activator complex, epigenetically regulating SPL transcription...
March 25, 2024: Plant Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526175/granulocyte-macrophage-colony-stimulating-factor-gm-csf-induced-maturation-of-spermatogonial-cells-from-prepubertal-mice-in-vitro-is-enhanced-by-testosterone
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Areej Jorban, Eitan Lunenfeld, Mahmoud Huleihel
Spermatogenesis is the complicated process of sperm generation. During this process, spermatogonial cells proliferate and differentiate via meiotic and post-meiotic stages to produce mature sperm. This process is under the regulation of testicular autocrine/paracrine factors. In addition, endocrine factors are crucial to complete spermatogenesis. We aimed to localize granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and its receptor (GM-CSFR) in testicular cells and further evaluate its involvement in the development of spermatogenesis in vitro...
December 1, 2023: European Cytokine Network
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523577/first-investigation-into-the-genetic-control-of-meiosis-in-sugarcane
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nina Reis Soares, Zirlane Portugal Costa, João Paulo Rodrigues Marques, Olivier Garsmeur, Monalisa Sampaio Carneiro, Cláudia Barros Monteiro Vitorello, Angélique D'Hont, Maria Lucia Carneiro Vieira
The sugarcane (Saccharum spp.) genome is one of the most complex of all. Modern varieties are highly polyploid and aneuploid as a result of hybridization between Saccharum officinarum and S. spontaneum. Little research has been done on meiotic control in polyploid species, with the exception of the wheat Ph1 locus harboring the ZIP4 gene (TaZIP4-B2) which promotes pairing between homologous chromosomes while suppressing crossover between homeologs. In sugarcane, despite its interspecific origin, bivalent association is favored, and multivalents, if any, are resolved at the end of prophase I...
March 25, 2024: Plant Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521372/ursolic-acid-alleviates-meiotic-abnormalities-induced-by-3-nitropropionic-acid-in-mouse-oocytes
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tiancang Han, Zhaoyang Sun, Hongbo Zhang, Yuhan Zhao, Anhui Jiao, Qingshan Gao
3-nitropropionic acid (3-NPA), a toxic metabolite produced by mold, is mainly found in moldy sugarcane. 3-NPA inhibits the activity of succinate dehydrogenase that can induce oxidative stress injury in cells, reduce ATP production and induce oxidative stress in mouse ovaries to cause reproductive disorders. Ursolic acid (UA) has a variety of biological activities and is a pentacyclic triterpene compound found in many plants. This experiment aimed to investigate the cytotoxicity of 3-NPA during mouse oocyte in vitro maturation and the protective effects of UA on oocytes challenged with 3-NPA...
March 21, 2024: Toxicology and Applied Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519102/sestrin2-and-sestrin3-protect-spermatogenesis-against-heat-induced-meiotic-defects
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wenhui Chen, Mengchen Wang, Huan Wang, Yuqing Jiang, Jing Zhu, Xinxin Zeng, Huihui Xie, Qingling Yang, Yingpu Sun
Heat stress (HS) induces testicular oxidative stress, impairs spermatogenesis, and increases the risk of male infertility. Recent studies have highlighted the antioxidative properties of the Sestrins family in reducing cellular oxidative damage. However, the role of Sestrins (Sestrin1, 2, and 3) in the testicular response to heat stress remains unclear. Here, we found that Sestrin 2 and 3 were highly expressed in the testis relative to Sestrin1. Then, the Sestrin2-/- and Sestrin3-/- mice were generated by CRISPR/Cas9 to investigate the role of them on spermatogenesis after HS...
March 22, 2024: Biology of Reproduction
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517328/remarkable-chromosomes-and-karyotypes-a-top-10-list
#7
REVIEW
William Sullivan
Chromosomes and karyotypes are particularly rich in oddities and extremes. Described below are 10 remarkable chromosomes and karyotypes sprinkled throughout the tree of life. These include variants in chromosome number, structure, and dynamics both natural and engineered. This versatility highlights the robustness and tolerance of the mitotic and meiotic machinery to dramatic changes in chromosome and karyotype architecture. These examples also illustrate that the robustness comes at a cost, enabling the evolution of chromosomes that subvert mitosis and meiosis...
April 1, 2024: Molecular Biology of the Cell
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513669/pld1-promotes-spindle-assembly-and-migration-through-regulating-autophagy-in-mouse-oocyte-meiosis
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiaqi Zhang, Ying Tian, Xiangning Xu, Bicheng Wang, Ziqi Huang, Ke Song, Shuo Lou, Jingyi Kang, Ningning Zhang, Jingyu Li, Jing Weng, Yuanjing Liang, Wei Ma
PLD1 has been implicated in cytoskeletal reorganization and vesicle trafficking in somatic cells; however, its function remains unclear in oocyte meiosis. Herein, we found PLD1 stably expresses in mouse oocytes meiosis, with direct interaction with spindle, RAB11A+ vesicles and macroautophagic/autophagic vacuoles. The genetic or chemical inhibition of PLD1 disturbed MTOC clustering, spindle assembly and its cortical migration, also decreased PtdIns(4,5)P2 , phosphorylated CFL1 (p-CFL1 [Ser3]) and ACTR2, and their local distribution on MTOC, spindle and vesicles...
March 21, 2024: Autophagy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513632/multiple-genomic-landscapes-of-recombination-and-genomic-divergence-in-wild-populations-of-house-mice-the-role-of-chromosomal-fusions-and-prdm9
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cristina Marín-García, Lucía Álvarez-González, Laia Marín-Gual, Sònia Casillas, Judith Picón, Keren Yam, María Magdalena Garcias-Ramis, Covadonga Vara, Jacint Ventura, Aurora Ruiz-Herrera
Chromosomal fusions represent one of the most common types of chromosomal rearrangements found in nature. Yet, their role in shaping the genomic landscape of recombination and hence genome evolution remains largely unexplored. Here, we take advantage of wild mice populations with chromosomal fusions to evaluate the effect of this type of structural variant on genomic landscapes of recombination and divergence. To this aim, we combined cytological analysis of meiotic crossovers (COs) in primary spermatocytes with inferred analysis of recombination rates based on linkage disequilibrium using single nucleotide polymorphisms...
March 21, 2024: Molecular Biology and Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513461/characterization-of-preovulatory-follicular-fluid-secretome-and-its-effects-on-equine-oocytes-during-in-vitro-maturation
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcos Luis-Calero, Federica Marinaro, Pablo Fernández-Hernández, José M Ortiz-Rodríguez, Javier G Casado, Eva Pericuesta, Alfonso Gutiérrez-Adán, Esperanza González, Mikel Azkargorta, Ricardo Conde, Maider Bizkarguenaga, Nieves Embade, Félix Elortza, Juan M Falcón-Pérez, Óscar Millet, Lauro González-Fernández, Beatriz Macías-García
In vitro maturation (IVM) of oocytes is clinically used in horses to produce blastocysts but current conditions used for horses are suboptimal. We analyzed the composition of equine preovulatory follicular fluid (FF) secretome and tested its effects on meiotic competence and gene expression in oocytes subjected to IVM. Preovulatory FF was obtained, concentrated using ultrafiltration with cut-off of 10 kDa, and stored at -80 °C. The metabolic and proteomic composition was analyzed, and its ultrastructural composition was assessed by cryo-transmission microscopy...
March 11, 2024: Research in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38513111/scrna-seq-reveals-novel-genetic-pathways-and-sex-chromosome-regulation-in-tribolium-spermatogenesis
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael Robben, Balan Ramesh, Shana Pau, Demetra Meletis, Jacob Luber, Jeffery Demuth
Spermatogenesis is critical to sexual reproduction yet evolves rapidly in many organisms. High throughput single cell transcriptomics promises unparalleled insight into this important process but understanding can be impeded in non-model systems by a lack of known genes that can reliably demarcate biologically meaningful cell populations. Tribolium castaneum, the red flour beetle, lacks known markers for spermatogenesis found in insect species like Drosophila melanogaster. Using single cell sequencing data collected from adult beetle testes, we implement a strategy for elucidating biologically meaningful cell populations by using transient expression stage identification markers, weighted principal component clustering, and SNP based haploid/diploid phasing...
March 21, 2024: Genome Biology and Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512498/molecular-mechanisms-and-regulation-of-recombination-frequency-and-distribution-in-plants
#12
REVIEW
Meilin Zou, Sergey Shabala, Chenchen Zhao, Meixue Zhou
Recent developments in understanding the distribution and distinctive features of recombination hotspots are reviewed and approaches are proposed to increase recombination frequency in coldspot regions. Recombination events during meiosis provide the foundation and premise for creating new varieties of crops. The frequency of recombination in different genomic regions differs across eukaryote species, with recombination generally occurring more frequently at the ends of chromosomes. In most crop species, recombination is rare in centromeric regions...
March 21, 2024: TAG. Theoretical and Applied Genetics. Theoretische und Angewandte Genetik
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512324/null-rad50-mutation-in-mouse-germ-cells-causes-reduced-dsb-formation-abnormal-dsb-end-resection-and-complete-loss-of-germ-cells
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuefang Liu, Zhen Lin, Junyi Yan, Xi Zhang, Ming-Han Tong
The conserved MRE11-RAD50-NBS1/Xrs2 complex is crucial for DNA break metabolism and genome maintenance. While hypomorphic Rad50 mutation mice showed normal meiosis, both null and hypomorphic rad50 mutation yeast displayed impaired meiosis recombination. However, the in vivo function of Rad50 in mammalian germ cells, particularly its in vivo role in the resection of meiotic DSB ends at the molecular level remains elusive. Here, we established germ cell-specific Rad50 knockout mouse models to determine the role of Rad50 in mitosis and meiosis of mammalian germ cells...
March 21, 2024: Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511802/telomeric-function-and-regulation-during-male-meiosis-in-mice-and-humans
#14
REVIEW
Lisha Yin, Nan Jiang, Tao Li, Youzhi Zhang, Shuiqiao Yuan
BACKGROUND: Telomeres are unique structures situated at the ends of chromosomes. Preserving the structure and function of telomeres is essential for maintaining genomic stability and promoting genetic diversity during male meiosis in mammals. MATERIAL-METHODS: This review compiled recent literature on the function and regulation of telomeres during male meiosis in both mice and humans, and also highlighted the critical roles of telomeres in reproductive biology and medicine...
March 21, 2024: Andrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509455/uncovering-a-multitude-of-stage-specific-splice-variants-and-putative-protein-isoforms-generated-along-mouse-spermatogenesis
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlos Romeo-Cardeillac, María Fernanda Trovero, Santiago Radío, Pablo Smircich, Rosana Rodríguez-Casuriaga, Adriana Geisinger, José Sotelo-Silveira
BACKGROUND: Mammalian testis is a highly complex and heterogeneous tissue. This complexity, which mostly derives from spermatogenic cells, is reflected at the transcriptional level, with the largest number of tissue-specific genes and long noncoding RNAs (lncRNAs) compared to other tissues, and one of the highest rates of alternative splicing. Although it is known that adequate alternative-splicing patterns and stage-specific isoforms are critical for successful spermatogenesis, so far only a very limited number of reports have addressed a detailed study of alternative splicing and isoforms along the different spermatogenic stages...
March 20, 2024: BMC Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38509361/cryo-em-structures-of-rad51-assembled-on-nucleosomes-containing-a-dsb-site
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takuro Shioi, Suguru Hatazawa, Eriko Oya, Noriko Hosoya, Wataru Kobayashi, Mitsuo Ogasawara, Takehiko Kobayashi, Yoshimasa Takizawa, Hitoshi Kurumizaka
RAD51 is the central eukaryotic recombinase required for meiotic recombination and mitotic repair of double-strand DNA breaks (DSBs)1,2 . However, the mechanism by which RAD51 functions at DSB sites in chromatin has remained elusive. Here we report the cryo-electron microscopy structures of human RAD51-nucleosome complexes, in which RAD51 forms ring and filament conformations. In the ring forms, the N-terminal lobe domains (NLDs) of RAD51 protomers are aligned on the outside of the RAD51 ring, and directly bind to the nucleosomal DNA...
March 20, 2024: Nature
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507953/smc-5-6-complex-subunit-nse-1-plays-a-crucial-role-in-meiosis-and-dna-repair-in-caenorhabditis-elegans
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Arome Solomon Odiba, Chiemekam Samuel Ezechukwu, Guiyan Liao, Ye Hong, Wenxia Fang, Cheng Jin, Anton Gartner, Bin Wang
The SMC5/6 complex is evolutionarily conserved across all eukaryotes and plays a pivotal role in preserving genomic stability. Mutations in genes encoding SMC5/6 complex subunits have been associated with human lung disease, immunodeficiency, and chromosome breakage syndrome. Despite its critical importance, much about the SMC5/6 complex remains to be elucidated. Various evidences have suggested possible role of a subunit of the SMC5/6 complex, NSE1, in chromosome segregation and DNA repair. Current knowledge regarding the role of NSE1 is primarily derived from single-cell-based analyses in yeasts, Arabidopsis thaliana, and human cell lines...
March 12, 2024: DNA Repair
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503389/identification-of-two-genes-essential-for-basidiospore-formation-during-the-postmeiotic-stages-in-pleurotus-ostreatus
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takeshi Kobukata, Takehito Nakazawa, Fuga Yamasaki, Junko Sugano, Minji Oh, Moriyuki Kawauchi, Masahiro Sakamoto, Yoichi Honda
A sporeless strain is an important breeding target in the mushroom industry. However, basidiospore production in the oyster mushroom Pleurotus ostreatus has been shown to be impaired by single-gene mutations in only two meiosis-related genes, mer3 and msh4. This study proposed a strategy for identifying the genes essential for basidiospore formation after meiotic division to determine new targets for molecular breeding. RNA-seq analysis was performed to identify P. ostreatus genes that are specifically expressed in the gill tissue of fruiting bodies, where basidiospore formation occurs...
March 17, 2024: Fungal Genetics and Biology: FG&B
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503350/the-role-of-sertoli-cells-secreted-factors-in-different-stages-of-germ-cells-development-in-mice-exposed-to-bde-209
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Zhang, Xiangyang Li, Leqiang Gao, Xiaomin Dong, Jinglong Xue, Moxuan Zhao, Junhong Xie, Aliekram Niyaz, Lihua Ren, Xianqing Zhou
Decabromodiphenyl ether (BDE-209), a frequently used brominated flame retardant, readily enters the environment and is difficult to degrade with bioaccumulation. BDE-209 could cause male reproductive toxicity, but the regulatory functions of Sertoli cells-secreted factors remain uncertain. In present study, male mice were treated with 75 mg/kg BDE-209 and then stopped exposure for 50 days. Exogenous Glial cell line-derived neurotrophic factor (GDNF), a Sertoli cell-secreted factor, was injected into testes of mice treated with BDE-209 for 50 days to explore the role of GDNF in BDE-209-induced reproductive toxicity...
March 17, 2024: Environmental Pollution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38503186/arabidopsis-beclin1-induced-autophagy-mediates-reprogramming-in-tapetal-programmed-cell-death-by-altering-the-gross-cellular-homeostasis
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Surendra Pratap Singh, Rishi Kumar Verma, Ridhi Goel, Verandra Kumar, Ram Rakshpal Singh, Samir V Sawant
In flowering plants, the tapetum degeneration in post-meiotic anther occurs through developmental programmed cell death (dPCD), which is one of the most critical and sensitive steps for the proper development of male gametophytes and fertility. Yet the pathways of dPCD, its regulation, and its interaction with autophagy remain elusive. Here, we report that high-level expression of Arabidopsis autophagy-related gene BECLIN1 (BECN1 or AtATG6) in the tobacco tapetum prior to their dPCD resulted in developmental defects...
March 7, 2024: Plant Physiology and Biochemistry: PPB
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