Official American Thoracic Society/European Society of Intensive Care Medicine/Society of Critical Care Medicine Clinical Practice Guideline: Mechanical Ventilation in Adult Patients with Acute Respiratory Distress Syndrome

Acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS) continues to be one of the most life-threatening conditions for patients in the intensive care unit (ICU). The 2023 European Society of Intensive Care Medicine guidelines on ARDS: definition, phenotyping and respiratory support strategies (2023 Guideline) update the 2017 An Official American Thoracic Society/European Society of Intensive Care Medicine/Society of Critical Care Medicine clinical practice guideline: mechanical ventilation in adult patients with ARDS (2017 Guideline), including 7 aspects of 3 topics of definitions, phenotyping, and respiratory support strategies [including high flow nasal cannula oxygen (HFNO), non-invasive ventilation (NIV), neuromuscular blocking agents (NMBA), extracorporeal life support (ECLS), positive end-expiratory pressure (PEEP) with recruitment maneuvers (RM), tidal volume (VT), and prone positioning]...

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BACKGROUND: This document provides evidence-based clinical practice guidelines on the use of mechanical ventilation in adult patients with acute respiratory distress syndrome (ARDS). METHODS: A multidisciplinary panel conducted systematic reviews and metaanalyses of the relevant research and applied Grading of Recommendations, Assessment, Development, and Evaluation methodology for clinical recommendations. RESULTS: For all patients with ARDS, the recommendation is strong for mechanical ventilation using lower tidal volumes (4-8 ml/kg predicted body weight) and lower inspiratory pressures (plateau pressure < 30 cm H2 O) (moderate confidence in effect estimates)...