Sitha

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This study investigated the effects of aerobic and anaerobic growth and proteolytic enzymes on the amino acid content of yeast hydrolysates in relation to taste and nutrition. Saccharomyces cerevisiae ATCC5574 was grown under fed-batch aerobic or batch anaerobic conditions. Intracellular glutamic acid (Glu) concentrations were 18-fold higher in aerobic yeast. Hydrolysis with papain and alkaline protease released more amino acids (AA) than simple autolysis or hydrolysis with bromelain, most significantly when applied to aerobic yeast (∼2-fold increase)...

CONTEXT: With the advent of fast computing facilities, combined with rapid emerges of many new and intricate quantum mechanical functionals, computations with pure Hartree-Fock (HF) theory are now-a-days regarded as trivial or obsolete, or even considered as not reliable by many researchers. Consequently, current trends in computational chemistry show extensive use of post-HF theories for smaller molecular systems and various DFT methods for organic and inorganic chemistry related problems (larger molecules/systems)...

Necrotizing fasciitis is a progressive and rare disease, with high potential to be life-threatening because of its potential for systemic toxicity. Characterized by fascial infection, it is often followed by systemic toxicity, such as septic shock and multi-organ failure. The aim of this study is to establish reliable data on the treatment of necrotizing fasciitis patients at the topmost referral hospital in West Java, Indonesia. We collected medical record data from January 2015 to December 2021 at Rumah Sakit Umum Pusat Dr...

CONTEXT: From a nuclear spin prospective, water exists as para and ortho nuclear spin isomers (isotopomers). Spin interconversions in isolated molecules of water are forbidden, but many recent reports have shown them to happen in bulk, through dynamic proton exchanges happening between interconnected networks of a large array of water molecules. In this contribution, a possible explanation for an unexpected slow or delayed interconversion of ortho-para water in ice observed in an earlier reported experiment is provided...

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Background: The prevalence of persons with hypertension remains high, especially in Southeast Asia, such as in Indonesia. Therefore, an effort to control blood pressure is needed. This study aimed to examine the effect of a self-management program on blood pressure among persons with hypertension in Indonesia. Materials and Methods: A quasi-experimental study with pre-test post-test with control group design was used. Seventy-seven participants were selected using convenience sampling in Belitung, Indonesia...

Adlay starch has great potential as a cereal starch, but it has several weaknesses, namely a low swelling volume, low solubility, and low stability. The purpose of this study was to improve the characteristics of adlay starch, such as porosity, functional properties, and pasting properties, through starch modification using freeze moisture treatment (FMT) and ozonation. This study consisted of several treatments, namely FMT, ozonation, and a combination of FMT + ozonation. The results show that the FMT and ozonation generally increased water absorption capacity, swelling volume, solubility, and number of pores of the starch granule...

Crude palm oil (CPO) has emerged as a significant commodity in the economic and social development of producer nations. However, the presence of free fatty acids (FFAs) results in decreased CPO quality. Due to many advantages, the PVDF hollow fiber membrane has a higher potential to remove FFA from CPO than other polymeric membranes, despite the fact that FFA rejection performance remains poor. To solve this issue, membrane surface modification has emerged as one of the potential options for increasing electrostatic contact between the membrane surface and the FFA, resulting in high efficiency FFA separation from CPO...

To be planar or to be twisted at the bridge junctions in biphenyls or biaryl types of molecular systems depends on two conflicting forces: (1) steric repulsions (destabilizations) and (2) conjugation assisted electron delocalizations (resonance stabilizations). This work reports an unfamiliar kind of behaviour shown by metamers of a zwitterionic biphenyl type of system, where the Reichardt's metamer was found to be in an usual twisted conformation (delicate balance of conflicting forces), but the Brooker's metamer was found to be in a fully planar conformation...

The grain size and heavy metals (Cu, Pb, Zn, Cr, Cd, and Hg) in 42 seafloor and eight river sediments from the Kompong Som Bay of Cambodia were analyzed to identify sediment characteristics and environmental quality. The high-value areas for all the metals were mainly distributed in the northern and central parts of the bay, occupied by fine-grained sediments. There was slightly to moderately severe enrichment of Pb, Cd, and Hg in the southern and western coastal areas of Sihanoukville. Although the current ecological environment risk was relatively low, the coastal areas of Sihanoukville had low to moderate pollution of Pb, Cd, and Hg, which were closely related to pollutant emissions from the industrial production from power plants and oil refineries...

In Mondulkiri province, Cambodia, artisanal gold miners dump tailings and wastewater from gold processing into a tributary of the Prek Te River. In the rainy season, heavy metal concentrations in the tributary decrease below the WHO drinking water standard levels through natural attenuation; however, this does not occur in the dry season. To further understand the natural attenuation mechanism, detailed analyses of the wastewater from tailing and tributary water, tributary sediments, waste rock, and ore minerals were undertaken in both seasons...

BACKGROUND: Cleft lip with or without palate (CL  ±  P) may impact children's eating, drinking, speaking, breathing, and hearing. We aim to evaluate psychosocial problems in Indonesian cleft center school-age patients identified after one or more surgical interventions. METHODS: This is a cross-sectional study of parent report of patients with unilateral CL  ±  P who had cleft surgery from 2011 to 2016 in the Bandung Cleft Center using the Bahasa Indonesia version of CBCL/6-18 questionnaire...

We describe a 43-year-old patient with coronavirus disease 2019 who developed a bullous hemorrhagic rash that progressed to necrotic lesions. Histopathology confirmed a vasculitis of small- and medium-sized cutaneous vessels.

To evaluate the seasonal water circulation of Tonle Sap Lake and its tributary rivers in Cambodia, the spatial distribution patterns of major and trace elements in surface water were investigated. Based on the similarity of the dissolved elemental concentrations, the water samples were mainly divided into the three groups: samples with relatively high percentages of Ca, Mo, and Sb (Subcluster B1); samples with high Si, Al, and Fe (B2); and samples with high Na, K, and Mg (B3). During the rainy season, the elemental composition of lake water (B1) appeared to be greatly influenced by the intrusion of water from the Mekong River (B1) through the Tonle Sap River (B1)...

Formamide (NH2CHO) being the smallest and fundamental building block of life (with a peptide linkage), has recently been able to attract much interests, in the field of astrochemistry, astrophysics and astrobiology. In this work, using quantum mechanical computations, reactions between HCN and H2O, leading to the formation of formamide, have been analysed. For the first time, an alternative and competing reaction channel, which proceeds via a geminal diol intermediate, for the formation of formamide, has been proposed...

Calculations related to two simple two-step paths (path-I: [Formula: see text] path-II: [Formula: see text]) for the formation of glycine have been discussed. Calculations show that at interstellar conditions these two paths are feasible only in hot cores, not in the cold interstellar clouds (cold core formation is possible only if CH2 = NH, H2 O (excess) and CO of path-II, react in a concerted manner). For the laboratory synthesis of glycine, the possibility suggested is via path-I and the reaction being carried out as controlled temperature one-pot synthesis...

Formamide (NH2CHO) is the smallest molecular unit, which contains the basic peptide linkage and thus has recently attracted great amount of interest in the field of astrochemistry. In this work using computational calculations, we have analysed the three possible reaction paths for the reaction between CO and NH3 to form formamide in both neutral-neutral and cation-neutral reaction surfaces. All these three paths strongly favours the path of 1,2-hydrogen migration, which was discounted by previous studies in view of the constraints from steric factor...

The southern river terrapin, Batagur affinis is one of the world's 25 most endangered freshwater turtle species. The major portion of the global population is currently found in peninsular Malaysia, with the only remnant Indochinese population in southern Cambodia. For more than a decade, wild nests in this remnant Cambodian population have been fenced and hatchlings reared in captivity. Here we amplified 10 microsatellite markers from all 136 captive individuals, obtained 2,658 presumably unlinked and neutral single nucleotide polymorphisms from 72 samples with ddRAD-seq, and amplified 784 bp of mtDNA from 50 samples...

BACKGROUND: The ultrasound-guided proximal intercostal block (PICB) is performed at the proximal intercostal space (ICS) between the internal intercostal membrane (IIM) and the endothoracic fascia/parietal pleura (EFPP) complex. Injectate spread may follow several routes and allow for multilevel trunk analgesia. The goal of this study was to examine the anatomical spread of large-volume PICB injections and its relevance to breast surgery analgesia. METHODS: Fifteen two-level PICBs were performed in ten soft-embalmed cadavers...