exostoses

BACKGROUND: Non-septic tenosynovitis is a clinically relevant and often performance limiting musculoskeletal injury in the horse. OBJECTIVES: To review the published literature to determine which tendon sheaths are commonly affected by non-septic tenosynovitis and to describe the most frequently reported pathological lesions, outcomes, and surgical complications in equine non-septic tenosynovitis. STUDY DESIGN: Systematic review. METHODS: Literature searches were conducted in July 2021 from the online search engines PubMed, Scopus, Web of Science Core, VetMed Resource and ProQuest Theses & Dissertations...

INTRODUCTION AND IMPORTANCE: Osteochondromas, the most common benign tumors of the appendicular skeleton, are uncommonly found in the spine. Although the cervical spine is the most frequent location of spinal osteochondromas, the lower cervical spine is less commonly affected. CASE PRESENTATION: We present the case of a 16-year-old female adolescent who presented with a hard palpable mass over the nape of the neck more toward the right side associated with non-radiating pain for 3 years...

OBJECTIVES: This scoping review aimed to assess the current state of knowledge regarding the relationship between bruxism and changes in density or volume of mandibular bone, based on medical imaging. METHODS: Literature review was conducted following the PRISMA-ScR protocol. PubMed, Web of Science and Cochrane library databases were searched for peer-reviewed articles by two blinded reviewers. Studies based on the evaluation of mandibular bone density and/or bone volume with imaging examination in adult patients were examined...

INTRODUCTION: Exostoses in the foot and ankle are extremely rare with no current literature of exostosis of the sesamoid bone. CASE REPORT: A middle-aged woman was referred to orthopedic foot surgeons following a long-standing issue of a painful non-fluctuant swelling beneath her left hallux with normal imaging. Repeat X-rays, with sesamoid views of the foot, were conducted due to the patient's ongoing symptoms. The patient underwent a surgical excision and made a complete recovery...

BACKGROUND: Hereditary multiple exostoses is a rare genetic disorder characterized by the growth of multiple osteochondromas affecting primarily long bones. Chest wall lesions may represent a challenge, particularly in pediatric patients. Pain is a common manifestation. However, life-threatening complications can result from direct involvement of adjacent structures. Surgical resection with appropriate reconstruction is often required. CASE SUMMARY: A 5-year-old male who was diagnosed with hereditary multiple exostoses presented with significant pain from a large growing chest wall exostosis lesion...

Few articles have reported on the treatment of Masada type 2 forearm deformities in hereditary multiple exostosis, possibly because of the high redislocation rate and other complications. This study precisely declares the use of modified ulnar lengthening by an Ilizarov external fixation with tumour excision for the treatment of Masada type 2 forearm deformities. 20 children with Masada type 2 forearm deformities were admitted for surgical treatment at our hospital from February 2014 to February 2021. There were 13 girls and 7 boys, ranging in age from 3...

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Osteochondroma is a benign cartilaginous tumor that usually arises from the growth plate of the long bones. Its presentation in flat bones is uncommon. Spinal osteochondroma is a rare case, with only a 4% incidence compared to all spinal neoplasms. We report an unusual case of osteochondroma at the spinous process of the C4 spine of a 15-year-old patient with the chief complaint of neck discomfort on movement. The patient has previously been diagnosed and treated for multiple hereditary exostoses of other bones...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Exposure to ionizing radiation in patients with Multiple Hereditary Exostoses (MHE) is inevitable and necessary for the diagnosis and treatment of MHE. Radiation exposure has many potentially dangerous consequences, including the increased risk of developing cancer. This is especially concerning in the pediatric patient population since children are more likely to develop adverse effects from radiation than adults. This study aimed to quantify radiation exposure over a five-year period among patients diagnosed with MHE since such information is not currently available in the literature...

BACKGROUND: Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME) is an autosomal dominant skeletal disorder characterized by the development of multiple, circumscript and usually symmetric bony protuberances called osteochondromas. Most HME are caused by EXT1 and EXT2 loss of function mutations. Most pathogenic mutations are nonsense followed by missense mutations and deletions. CASE PRESENTATION: Here we report on a patient with a rare and complex genotype resulting in a typical HME phenotype...

CASE: A 54-year-old woman with rheumatoid arthritis presented with a flexor pollicis longus (FPL) rupture at the level of the metacarpophalangeal joint secondary to attritional damage from metacarpophalangeal (MCP) degenerative changes and exostoses from the radial sesamoid. She underwent direct tendon repair with debridement of the MCP joint and radial sesamoidectomy. CONCLUSION: Rheumatoid arthritis can potentially lead to rupture of the FPL tendon in locations distal to the carpus, namely at the level of the MCP joint...

INTRODUCTION: Osteochondroma is the most common primary benign bone tumor. It's radiologic characteristics are often pathognomonic. Osteochondromas usually occur at the metaphysis of long bones. The distal end of femur, proximal humerus, proximal tibia, and fibula are the common locations. Most cases present within the first three decades. CASE REPORT: A 12-year-old boy presented with osteochondroma of left acromion process. It is very unusual for its location with a mass over the left shoulder extending laterally into deltoid muscle...

INTRODUCTION: Osteochondromas are the most common benign bone tumors. They probably are developmental malformations rather than true neoplasms and are thought to originate within the periosteum as small cartilaginous nodules. The lesions consist of a bony mass produced by progressive endochondral ossification of a growing cartilaginous cap. Osteochondromas usually are found on the metaphysis of a long bone near the physis such as distal femur, proximal tibia, and proximal humerus. Surgical treatment for femur neck osteochondroma is difficult due to the high risk of avascular necrosis following excision...

BACKGROUND: Supernumerary teeth refer to extra teeth that exceed the usual number of dentitions. A mesiodens is a particular form of supernumerary tooth, which is located in the premaxilla region. The objective of the study was to investigate the genetic etiology of extra tooth phenotypes, including mesiodens and isolated supernumerary teeth. METHODS: Oral and radiographic examinations and whole-exome sequencing were performed on every patient in our cohort of 122 patients, including 27 patients with isolated supernumerary teeth and 94 patients with mesiodens...

OBJECTIVE: External auditory exostosis (EAE) is a condition of progressive temporal bone growth into the external auditory canal most commonly from repeat cold water and wind exposure. Several tools have been utilized for EAE excision with varying implications for intra- and postoperative complications. However, comparisons of osteotome and microdrill are made difficult due to the few published cases and intervariability between surgeons. Furthermore, evidence is needed to analyze the safety of novel supplemental tools such as the piezoelectric bone-cutting device...

Alveolar bone exostoses (ABE) are benign localized convex outgrowths of buccal or lingual bone, which could be delineated from the surrounding cortical plate, also known as a buttress bone formation. Our review and case series demonstrate the development of alveolar bone exostoses during orthodontic therapy. It is crucial to keep in mind that every case presented had a history of palatal tori. In our clinical observations, higher precedence of ABE development was seen in participants during incisor retraction, especially with preexisting palatal tori...

INTRODUCTION: Dysplasia epiphysealis hemimelica, also known as Trevor disease, is a rare skeletal development disorder of childhood, characterized by asymmetric growth of the epiphyseal cartilage in childhood. The disease can be locally aggressive at the ankle, and can result in deformity or instability. We present a case of Trevor disease involving the lateral aspect of distal tibia and talus in a 9-year-old patient, and of highlight its clinical and radiological presentation, treatment, and outcomes...

Hereditary multiple exostoses (HME), also known as hereditary multiple osteochondroma (HMO), is an autosomal dominant disorder caused by pathogenic variants in exostosin-1 or -2 (EXT1 or EXT2). It is characterized by the formation of multiple benign growing osteochondromas (exostoses) that most commonly affect the long bones; however, it may also occur throughout the body. Although many of these lesions are clinically asymptomatic, some can lead to chronic pain and skeletal deformities and interfere with adjacent neurovascular structures...

BACKGROUND: Tricho-rhino-phalangeal syndrome (TRPS) is a rare, autosomal dominant disorder characterized by typical craniofacial features, ectodermal and skeletal findings. TRPS type 1 (TRPS1) is caused by pathogenic variations in the TRPS1 gene, which relates to the vast majority of cases. TRPS type 2 (TRPS2) is a contiguous gene deletion syndrome involving loss of functional copies of the TRPS1, RAD21, and EXT1. Herein, we reported the clinical and genetic spectrum of seven TRPS patients with a novel variant...