keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38463473/an-in-vitro-comparison-of-calcium-ions-release-and-diffusion-ability-of-calcium-hydroxide-based-intracanal-medicament-in-combination-with-three-different-vehicles-like-propolis-chitosan-and-propylene-glycol
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pinku T Thomas, Jyoti Sumi Issac, Parvathy Girija, Lekshmi S Chandran, D S Arjun, A J Siddik
CONTEXT: Calcium hydroxide, which is an intracanal medicament, is widely used in endodontics. Improvements can be made to its effectiveness, as calcium hydroxide is dependent on the vehicle. AIM: The study aims to compare and evaluate the release and diffusion ability of calcium hydroxide when mixed with - propolis, chitosan, and propylene glycol. METHODS: For this study, 33 single-rooted extracted premolar teeth have been decoronated. After the working length and enlargement of the canals had been established, different preparations of calcium hydroxide with vehicles such as propolis, chitosan, and propylene glycol were loaded into the canals...
February 2024: J Conserv Dent Endod
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38430092/cardiac-specific-deletion-of-scn8a-mitigates-dravet-syndrome-associated-sudden-death-in-adults
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
D Ryan King, Mustafa Demirtas, Mikhail Tarasov, Heather L Struckman, Xiaolei Meng, Drew Nassal, Nicolae Moise, Alec Miller, Dennison Min, Andrew M Soltisz, Midhun N K Anne, Patrícia A Alves Dias, Jacy L Wagnon, Seth H Weinberg, Thomas J Hund, Rengasayee Veeraraghavan, Przemysław B Radwański
BACKGROUND: Sudden unexpected death in epilepsy (SUDEP) is a fatal complication experienced by otherwise healthy epilepsy patients. Dravet syndrome (DS) is an inherited epileptic disorder resulting from loss of function of the voltage-gated sodium channel, NaV 1.1, and is associated with particularly high SUDEP risk. Evidence is mounting that NaV s abundant in the brain also occur in the heart, suggesting that the very molecular mechanisms underlying epilepsy could also precipitate cardiac arrhythmias and sudden death...
February 15, 2024: JACC. Clinical Electrophysiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38429978/cold-atmospheric-plasma-for-chronic-kidney-disease-related-skin-disorders
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Siyue Zhai, Dingxin Liu, Hua Liu, Wanchun Li, Zifeng Wang, Meng Wang, Lei Chen, Hongli Jiang
BACKGROUND AND HYPOTHESIS: An estimated 80% of individuals with chronic kidney disease (CKD) experience concomitant skin disorders, yet experimental research that elucidates the pathological changes in CKD-affected skin is limited. Cold atmospheric plasma (CAP) has shown promise in regulating keratinocyte proliferation, skin barrier function, and anti-inflammatory activity. We hypothesize that CAP emerges as a promising therapeutic avenue for CKD-related skin diseases. METHODS: Male and female C57/BL6 mice were administered a 0...
March 1, 2024: Nephrology, Dialysis, Transplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38403352/-zuogui-pills-improve-testicular-development-of-offspring-rats-exposed-to-prenatal-stress-via-cx43
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Min Xiao, Ji-Gang Cao, Xiao-Cui Jiang, Chao-Yang Wang, Jian Gong, Si-Yi Chen, Yan-Yan Zhou, Min Zhao
This study aims to reveal the mechanism of prenatal stress in affecting the testicular development of offspring rats and the intervention effects of Zuogui Pills via connexin 43(Cx43). Forty pregnant SD rats were randomized into a blank control group, a mo-del group, a high-dose(18.9 g·kg~(-1)) Zuogui Pills group, a low-dose(9.45 g·kg~(-1)) Zuogui Pills group, and a vitamin E(1.44 mg·kg~(-1)) group. The other groups except the blank control group was subjected to chronic unpredictable mild stress for the modeling of prenatal stress...
January 2024: Zhongguo Zhong Yao za Zhi, Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi, China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38398495/a-review-of-animal-models-investigating-the-reproductive-effects-of-gender-affirming-hormone-therapy
#25
REVIEW
Nicholas S Raja, Elizabeth S Rubin, Molly B Moravek
Gender-affirming hormone therapy (GAHT) is an important component in the process of transitioning for many transgender and gender-diverse (TGD) individuals. Multiple medical organizations recommend fertility preservation counseling prior to initiation of GAHT; however, there remains little high-quality data regarding the impact of GAHT on fertility and reproductive function. A PubMed literature review was performed using Boolean search operators linking keywords or phrases such as "mouse", "rat", "primate", "animal model", "transgender", "gender", "estrogen", "testosterone", "fertility", and "fertility preservation"...
February 19, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38396930/involvement-of-m1-activated-macrophages-and-perforin-granulysin-expressing-lymphocytes-in-iga-vasculitis-nephritis
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gordana Laskarin, Emina Babarovic, Nastasia Kifer, Stela Bulimbasic, Mario Sestan, Martina Held, Marijan Frkovic, Alenka Gagro, Marijana Coric, Marija Jelusic
We investigated the polarisation of CD68+ macrophages and perforin and granulysin distributions in kidney lymphocyte subsets of children with IgA vasculitis nephritis (IgAVN). Pro-inflammatory macrophage (M)1 (CD68/iNOS) or regulatory M2 (CD68/arginase-1) polarisation; spatial arrangement of macrophages and lymphocytes; and perforin and granulysin distribution in CD3+ and CD56+ cells were visulaised using double-labelled immunofluorescence. In contrast to the tubules, iNOS+ cells were more abundant than the arginase-1+ cells in the glomeruli...
February 13, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395975/synergistic-enhancement-of-the-mouse-pramex1-and-pramel1-in-repressing-retinoic-acid-ra-signaling-during-gametogenesis
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mingyao Yang, Francisco Diaz, Ana Rita T Krause, Yuguo Lei, Wan-Sheng Liu
BACKGROUND: PRAME constitutes one of the largest multi-copy gene families in Eutherians, encoding cancer-testis antigens (CTAs) with leucine-rich repeats (LRR) domains, highly expressed in cancer cells and gametogenic germ cells. This study aims to elucidate genetic interactions between two members, Pramex1 and Pramel1, in the mouse Prame family during gametogenesis using a gene knockout approach. RESULT: Single-gene knockout (sKO) of either Pramex1 or Pramel1 resulted in approximately 7% of abnormal seminiferous tubules, characterized by a Sertoli-cell only (SCO) phenotype, impacting sperm count and fecundity significantly...
February 23, 2024: Cell & Bioscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395244/calpain-inhibition-protects-against-atrial-fibrillation-by-mitigating-diabetes-associated-atrial-fibrosis-and-calcium-handling-dysfunction-in-type-2-diabetes-mice
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qing Wang, Jinxiang Yuan, Hua Shen, Qi Zhu, Biyi Chen, Jinxi Wang, Weizhong Zhu, Mark A Yorek, Duane D Hall, Zhinong Wang, Long-Sheng Song
BACKGROUND: Diabetes mellitus (DM) is a major risk factor for atrial structural remodeling and atrial fibrillation (AF). Calpain activity is hypothesized to promote atrial remodeling and AF. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the role of calpain in diabetes-associated atrial fibrillation, fibrosis, and calcium handling dysfunction. METHODS: DM-associated AF was induced in wildtype mice and in mice overexpressing the calpain inhibitor calpastatin (CAST-OE) using high-fat diet (HFD) feeding followed by low dose streptozotocin injection (STZ, 75 mg/kg)...
February 21, 2024: Heart Rhythm: the Official Journal of the Heart Rhythm Society
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38389846/mrc1-macrophage-derived-igf1-mitigates-crystal-nephropathy-by-promoting-renal-tubule-cell-proliferation-via-the-akt-rb-signaling-pathway
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Linxi Huang, Wei Chen, Zhuojing Tan, Yunxiao Huang, Xinji Gu, Lantian Liu, Hongxia Zhang, Yihan Shi, Jiarong Ding, Chengjian Zheng, Zhiyong Guo, Bing Yu
Rationale: The present understanding of the cellular characteristics and communications in crystal nephropathy is limited. Here, molecular and cellular studies combined with single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) were performed to investigate the changes in cell components and their interactions in glyoxylate-induced crystallized kidneys to provide promising treatments for crystal nephropathy. Methods: The transcriptomes of single cells from mouse kidneys treated with glyoxylate for 0, 1, 4, or 7 days were analyzed via 10× Genomics, and the single cells were clustered and characterized by the Seurat pipeline...
2024: Theranostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377195/targeting-nuclear-receptor-corepressors-for-reversible-male-contraception
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Suk-Hyun Hong, Glenda Castro, Dan Wang, Russell Nofsinger, Maureen Kane, Alexandra Folias, Annette R Atkins, Ruth T Yu, Joseph L Napoli, Paolo Sassone-Corsi, Dirk G de Rooij, Christopher Liddle, Michael Downes, Ronald M Evans
Despite numerous female contraceptive options, nearly half of all pregnancies are unintended. Family planning choices for men are currently limited to unreliable condoms and invasive vasectomies with questionable reversibility. Here, we report the development of an oral contraceptive approach based on transcriptional disruption of cyclical gene expression patterns during spermatogenesis. Spermatogenesis involves a continuous series of self-renewal and differentiation programs of spermatogonial stem cells (SSCs) that is regulated by retinoic acid (RA)-dependent activation of receptors (RARs), which control target gene expression through association with corepressor proteins...
February 27, 2024: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38373213/anogenital-distance-in-a-cohort-of-169-infant-boys-with-uni-or-bilateral-cryptorchidism-including-18-boys-with-vanishing-testes
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dina Cortes, Margit Bistrup Fischer, Andrea E Hildorf, Erik Clasen-Linde, Simone Hildorf, Anders Juul, Katharina M Main, Jorgen Thorup
STUDY QUESTION: Do different boys with different types of cryptorchidism exhibit different anogenital distances (AGDs)? SUMMARY ANSWER: Length of AGD seemed to differ in different groups of patients with cryptorchidism. WHAT IS KNOWN ALREADY: AGD, which is used as an indicator of prenatal androgen action, tends to be shorter in boys with cryptorchidism compared to unaffected boys. Shorter AGDs have also been reported in boys with hypospadias, in men with poor semen quality, and in men with testicular cancer...
February 19, 2024: Human Reproduction
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38370827/loss-of-function-variants-in-jph1-cause-congenital-myopathy-with-prominent-facial-involvement
#32
Mridul Johari, Ana Topf, Chiara Folland, Jennifer Duff, Lein Dofash, Pilar Marti, Thomas Robertson, Juan J Vilchez, Anita Cairns, Elizabeth Harris, Chiara Marini-Bettolo, Gianina Ravenscroft, Volker Straub
BACKGROUND: Weakness of facial, ocular, and axial muscles is a common clinical presentation in congenital myopathies caused by pathogenic variants in genes encoding triad proteins. Abnormalities in triad structure and function resulting in disturbed excitation-contraction coupling and Ca 2+ homeostasis can contribute to disease pathology. METHODS: We analysed exome and genome sequencing data from three unrelated individuals with congenital myopathy characterised by striking facial, ocular, and bulbar involvement...
February 11, 2024: medRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38353655/sensing-dying-cells-in-health-and-disease-the-importance-of-kidney-injury-molecule-1
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena Tutunea-Fatan, Shabitha Arumugarajah, Rita S Suri, Cassandra R Edgar, Ingrid Hon, Jimmy D Dikeakos, Lakshman Gunaratnam
Kidney Injury Molecule-1 (KIM-1), also known as T cell immunoglobulin and mucin domain-1 (TIM-1), is a widely recognized biomarker for acute kidney injury, but its biological function is less appreciated. KIM-1/TIM-1 belongs to the TIM family of conserved transmembrane proteins which bear the characteristic six-cysteine immunoglobulin-like (IgV) domain. The latter enables binding of KIM-1/TIM-1 to its natural ligand, phosphatidylserine, expressed on the surface of apoptotic cells and necrotic cells. KIM-1/TIM-1 is expressed in a variety of tissues and plays fundamental roles in regulating sterile inflammation and adaptive immune responses...
February 14, 2024: Journal of the American Society of Nephrology: JASN
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38352484/pi-4-5-p-2-role-in-transverse-tubule-membrane-formation-and-muscle-function
#34
Naonobu Fujita, Shravan Girada, Georg Vogler, Rolf Bodmer, Amy A Kiger
UNLABELLED: Transverse (T)-tubules - vast, tubulated domains of the muscle plasma membrane - are critical to maintain healthy skeletal and heart contractions. How the intricate T-tubule membranes are formed is not well understood, with challenges to systematically interrogate in muscle. We established the use of intact Drosophila larval body wall muscles as an ideal system to discover mechanisms that sculpt and maintain the T-tubule membrane network. A muscle-targeted genetic screen identified specific phosphoinositide lipid regulators necessary for T-tubule organization and muscle function...
January 31, 2024: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38349840/occluding-efficiency-of-different-desensitizing-agents-and-er-cr-ysgg-laser-on-dentin-tubules
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Y S Uslu, N Donmez, A S Gungor, T T Akalin, H Ulukapi
PURPOSE: This study aimed to evaluate the effects of two desensitizers and the Er,Cr:YSGG laser on human dentin tubules, applied alone or in combination. METHODS: Ninety-six dentin specimens were obtained from extracted third molars and divided into six groups: Group 1: no-treatment (Control); Group 2: nano-hydroxyapatite desensitizer (NhapD); Group 3: NhapD+Er,Cr:YSGG laser (L); Group 4: Er,Cr:YSGG laser (L); Group 5: glutaraldehyde desensitizer (GD); and Group 6: GD+L, respectively...
February 13, 2024: Operative Dentistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38348881/optogenetic-confirmation-of-transverse-tubular-membrane-excitability-in-intact-cardiac-myocytes
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marina Scardigli, Michal Pásek, Lorenzo Santini, Chiara Palandri, Emilia Conti, Claudia Crocini, Marina Campione, Leslie M Loew, Antoine A F de Vries, Daniël A Pijnappels, Francesco S Pavone, Corrado Poggesi, Elisabetta Cerbai, Raffaele Coppini, Peter Kohl, Cecilia Ferrantini, Leonardo Sacconi
T-tubules (TT) form a complex network of sarcolemmal membrane invaginations, essential for well-co-ordinated excitation-contraction coupling (ECC) and thus homogeneous mechanical activation of cardiomyocytes. ECC is initiated by rapid depolarization of the sarcolemmal membrane. Whether TT membrane depolarization is active (local generation of action potentials; AP) or passive (following depolarization of the outer cell surface sarcolemma; SS) has not been experimentally validated in cardiomyocytes. Based on the assessment of ion flux pathways needed for AP generation, we hypothesize that TT are excitable...
February 13, 2024: Journal of Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38334110/a-comprehensive-bioinformatics-analysis-identifies-mitophagy-biomarkers-and-potential-molecular-mechanisms-in-hypertensive-nephropathy
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiayou Liu, Luda Feng, Qi Jia, Jia Meng, Yun Zhao, Lei Ren, Ziming Yan, Manrui Wang, Jianguo Qin
Mitophagy, the selective removal of damaged mitochondria, plays a critical role in kidney diseases, but its involvement in hypertensive nephropathy (HTN) is not well understood. To address this gap, we investigated mitophagy-related genes in HTN, identifying potential biomarkers for diagnosis and treatment. Transcriptome datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus database were analyzed, resulting in the identification of seven mitophagy related differentially expressed genes (MR-DEGs), namely PINK1, ULK1, SQSTM1, ATG5, ATG12, MFN2, and UBA52...
February 9, 2024: Journal of Biomolecular Structure & Dynamics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38326636/electron-microscopic-analysis-of-the-influence-of-ipsc-derived-motor-neurons-on-bioengineered-human-skeletal-muscle-tissues
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christine T Nguyen, Carolina Chávez-Madero, Erik Jacques, Brennen Musgrave, Ting Yin, Kejzi Saraci, Penney M Gilbert, Bryan A Stewart
3D bioengineered skeletal muscle macrotissues are increasingly important for studies of cell biology and development of therapeutics. Tissues derived from immortalized cells obtained from patient samples, or from pluripotent stem cells, can be co-cultured with motor-neurons to create models of human neuromuscular junctions in culture. In this study, we present foundational work on 3D cultured muscle ultrastructure, with and without motor neurons, which is enabled by the development of a new co-culture platform...
February 8, 2024: Cell and Tissue Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38321592/in-vivo-monitoring-of-renal-tubule-volume-fraction-using-dynamic-parametric-mri
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ehsan Tasbihi, Thomas Gladytz, Jason M Millward, Joāo S Periquito, Ludger Starke, Sonia Waiczies, Kathleen Cantow, Erdmann Seeliger, Thoralf Niendorf
PURPOSE: The increasing incidence of kidney diseases is a global concern, and current biomarkers and treatments are inadequate. Changes in renal tubule luminal volume fraction (TVF) serve as a rapid biomarker for kidney disease and improve understanding of renal (patho)physiology. This study uses the amplitude of the long T2 component as a surrogate for TVF in rats, by applying multiexponential analysis of the T2 -driven signal decay to examine micromorphological changes in renal tissue...
February 6, 2024: Magnetic Resonance in Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38320868/significance-of-perivascular-aggregates-in-kidney-allografts-evaluation-of-1-year-protocol-biopsies-using-recent-banff-classification
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kosuke Masutani, Kaneyasu Nakagawa, Yuta Matsukuma, Kenji Ueki, Eri Ataka, Akihiro Tsuchimoto, Yasuhiro Okabe, Masafumi Nakamura, Takanari Kitazono, Toshiaki Nakano
BACKGROUND: Perivascular aggregates (PVAs) often occur in kidney allografts; however, their significance needs to be re-evaluated in light of changes in the concept and criteria of allograft rejection. METHODS: We reviewed 1-year protocol biopsies in 258 patients with kidney transplants to identify PVAs and concurrent pathology based on the Banff 2017 classification, including revised criteria for chronic active T-cell mediated rejection (CA-TCMR). We investigated the incidence of PVA, concurrent allograft lesions, diagnosis, and graft survival...
February 5, 2024: Transplantation Proceedings
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