keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33499857/objective-predictors-of-intern-performance
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amanda C Filiberto, Lou Ann Cooper, Tyler J Loftus, Sonja S Samant, George A Sarosi, Sanda A Tan
BACKGROUND: Residency programs select medical students for interviews and employment using metrics such as the United States Medical Licensing Examination (USMLE) scores, grade-point average (GPA), and class rank/quartile. It is unclear whether these metrics predict performance as an intern. This study tested the hypothesis that performance on these metrics would predict intern performance. METHODS: This single institution, retrospective cohort analysis included 244 graduates from four classes (2015-2018) who completed an Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) certified internship and were evaluated by program directors (PDs) at the end of the year...
January 26, 2021: BMC Medical Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33444709/racial-disparity-in-liver-transplantation-listing
#22
MULTICENTER STUDY
Curtis Warren, Anne-Marie Carpenter, Daniel Neal, Kenneth Andreoni, George Sarosi, Ali Zarrinpar
BACKGROUND: Previous studies have demonstrated disparities in transplantation for women, non-Caucasians, the uninsured or publicly insured, and rural populations. We sought to correlate transplant center characteristics with patient access to the waiting list and liver transplantation. We hypothesized that liver transplant centers vary greatly in providing equitable access to the waiting list and liver transplantation. STUDY DESIGN: Center-specific, adult, deceased-donor liver transplant and waitlist data for the years 2013 to 2018 were obtained from the United Network for Organ Sharing...
April 2021: Journal of the American College of Surgeons
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32943202/prevalence-and-extent-of-industry-support-for-program-directors-of-surgical-fellowships-in-the-united-states
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeremy A Balch, Lou Ann Cooper, Amanda C Filiberto, Patricia E Chan, George A Sarosi, Sanda A Tan
BACKGROUND: Fellowship program directors have a considerable influence on the future practice patterns of their trainees. Multiple studies have demonstrated that industry can also exert substantial influence on the practice patterns of physicians as a whole. The purpose of this study is to quantify industry support of fellowship program directors across surgical subspecialties and to assess the prevalence of this support within specific subspecialties. METHODS: Fellowship program directors for acute care, breast, burn, cardio-thoracic, critical care, colon and rectal, endocrine, hepato-pancreato-biliary, minimally invasive, plastic, oncologic, pediatric, and vascular surgery for 2017 were identified using a previously described database...
December 2020: Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32888847/performance-improvement-with-implementation-of-a-surgical-skills-curriculum
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tyler J Loftus, Amanda C Filiberto, Gilbert R Upchurch, David J Hall, Juan C Mira, Janice Taylor, Christiana M Shaw, Sanda A Tan, George A Sarosi
OBJECTIVE: To assess the efficacy of an intern surgical skills curriculum involving a boot camp for core open and laparoscopic skills, self-guided practice with positive and negative incentives, and semiannual performance evaluations. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: Academic tertiary care center. PARTICIPANTS: Intervention group (n = 15): residents who completed the intern surgical skills curriculum and had performance evaluations in fall of intern year, spring of intern year, and fall of second year...
March 2021: Journal of Surgical Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32805579/proton-pump-inhibitor-use-after-hiatal-hernia-repair-inhibitor-of-recurrent-symptoms-and-potential-revisional-surgery
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Eittel E Oppenheimer, Bradley Schmit, George A Sarosi, Ryan M Thomas
BACKGROUND: Hiatal hernia recurrence after hiatal hernia repair (HHR) is often underdiagnosed and underreported but may present with recurrent gastroesophageal reflux disease (GERD) symptoms. Because of their availability, proton pump inhibitor (PPI) use is common and may mask patients who would benefit from revisional surgery, which has been shown to improve symptoms and quality of life. METHODS: A retrospective analysis was performed to evaluate recurrence patterns of patients who underwent HHR, specifically for the indication of GERD, from 2007 to 2015 at a single Veterans Administration Medical Center...
August 14, 2020: Journal of Surgical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32486437/systemic-and-local-biocompatibility-assessment-of-graphene-composite-dental-materials-in-experimental-mandibular-bone-defect
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexandra Dreanca, Codruta Sarosi, Alina Elena Parvu, Mihai Blidaru, George Enacrachi, Robert Purdoiu, Andras Nagy, Bogdan Sevastre, Nechita Adrian Oros, Ioan Marcus, Marioara Moldovan
The main objective of this research is to demonstrate the biocompatibility of two experimental graphene dental materials by in vitro and in vivo tests for applications in dentistry. The novel graphene dental materials, including one restorative composite and one dental cement, were subjected to cytotoxicity and implantation tests by using a rat model of a non-critical mandibular defect. In vitro cytotoxicity induced by materials on human dental follicle stem cells (restorative composite) and dysplastic oral keratinocytes (dental cement) was investigated at 37 °C for 24 h...
May 31, 2020: Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32156654/underrepresented-minorities-in-general-surgery-residency-analysis-of-interviewed-applicants-residents-and-core-teaching-faculty
#27
MULTICENTER STUDY
Benjamin T Jarman, Andrew J Borgert, Kara J Kallies, Amit R T Joshi, Douglas S Smink, George A Sarosi, Lily Chang, John M Green, Jacob A Greenberg, Marc L Melcher, Valentine Nfonsam, James Whiting
BACKGROUND: The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) requires diversity in residency. The self-identified race/ethnicities of general surgery applicants, residents, and core teaching faculty were assessed to evaluate underrepresented minority (URM) representation in surgery residency programs and to determine the impact of URM faculty and residents on URM applicants' selection for interview or match. STUDY DESIGN: Data from the 2018 application cycle were collated for 10 general surgery programs...
July 2020: Journal of the American College of Surgeons
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32098653/performance-advantages-for-grit-and-optimism
#28
REVIEW
Tyler J Loftus, Amanda C Filiberto, Martin D Rosenthal, George J Arnaoutakis, George A Sarosi, Justin B Dimick, Gilbert R Upchurch
BACKGROUND: Unsustainable surgeon burnout rates and moral imperatives for performance improvement suggest an urgent need to understand and apply rationales and methods for cultivating grit and optimism in surgery. DATA SOURCES: Embase, MEDLINE, and PubMed articles. CONCLUSIONS: Passivity in response to negative events is the default human response, but the presence of control activates the prefrontal cortex-the brain region controlling executive function-promoting effort toward solutions...
July 2020: American Journal of Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31456123/associations-between-national-board-exam-performance-and-residency-program-emphasis-on-patient-safety-and-interprofessional-teamwork
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tyler J Loftus, David J Hall, John Z Malaty, Sony B Kuruppacherry, George A Sarosi, Christiana M Shaw, Sanda A Tan, Janice Taylor, Diana S Morris, Lynne E Meyer, Jacqueline A Hobbs
OBJECTIVE: Several aspects of medical training may contribute to the ultimate goal of producing excellent physicians whose patients will have the best possible outcomes. However, the relative importance of education, evaluation and feedback, duty hours, practice structure, and program culture in achieving this goal is unclear. This study assessed associations among in-training exam performance, Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education (ACGME) Resident Survey responses, and American Board of Medical Specialties (ABMS) national board exam performance...
December 2019: Academic Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31383468/competency-based-resident-education-the-united-states-perspective
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brenessa Lindeman, George A Sarosi
Competency-based medical education is an educational paradigm that focuses on all trainees demonstrating the competencies required for effective function in their role prior to moving on to the next phase of training. Entrustable Professional Activities are an increasingly utilized framework for assessment as part of competency-based medical education. They can be best thought of as units of work for a physician, and they place assessment within the context of a clinical encounter by providing a holistic view of the degree of supervision that a learner requires for a given task...
May 2020: Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31256855/gender-differences-among-surgical-fellowship-program-directors
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Amanda C Filiberto, Christopher B Le, Tyler J Loftus, Lou A Cooper, Christiana Shaw, George A Sarosi, Atif Iqbal, Sanda A Tan
BACKGROUND: Although women are increasingly represented in American surgery, data regarding sex and academic rank of the leadership of fellowship programs are lacking. METHODS: Demographics and academic ranks for fellowship program directors were analyzed for 811 surgery fellowship programs across 14 specialties. Associations between academic rank and sex were assessed using a χ2 independence test. Correlation between subspecialty compensation and percentage of female fellowship program directors was assessed using Pearson r...
November 2019: Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31175064/underrepresented-minorities-are-underrepresented-among-general-surgery-applicants-selected-to-interview
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Benjamin T Jarman, Kara J Kallies, Amit R T Joshi, Douglas S Smink, George A Sarosi, Lily Chang, John M Green, Jacob A Greenberg, Marc L Melcher, Valentine Nfonsam, Luis D Ramirez, Andrew J Borgert, James Whiting
OBJECTIVE: Diversity is an ill-defined entity in general surgery training. The Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education recently proposed new common program requirements including verbiage requiring diversity in residency. "Recruiting" for diversity can be challenging within the constraints of geographic preference, type of program, and applicant qualifications. In addition, the Match process adds further uncertainty. We sought to study the self-identified racial/ethnic distribution of general surgery applicants to better ascertain the characteristics of underrepresented minorities (URM) within the general surgery applicant pool...
November 2019: Journal of Surgical Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31071609/implementing-survey-based-changes-and-analyzing-usage-in-an-online-curriculum-for-surgical-interns
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohammadali E Alishahedani, George A Sarosi, Janice A Taylor
BACKGROUND: To improve the online curriculum at the authors' program, study habits and learning resources of surgical interns were evaluated. Based on the results, changes were implemented to align with their teaching conferences. We sought to determine utilization and satisfaction with the new materials. METHODS: At the end of the 2017 academic year, surgical interns at a single institution voluntarily responded to an Institutional Review Board-approved survey regarding new and established learning material use and study habits...
October 2019: Journal of Surgical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31029575/entrustable-professional-activities-in-general-surgery-development-and-implementation
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karen J Brasel, Mary E Klingensmith, Robert Englander, Marni Grambau, Jo Buyske, George Sarosi, Rebecca Minter
Entrustable Professional Activities are a holistic assessment framework developed in the Netherlands in 2005, which have recently been adopted in undergraduate medical education in the United States. As part of an increased focus on competency-based assessment, the specialty of pediatrics has led the way in incorporating them into graduate medical education. We describe the development and initial pilot process of implementation of EPAs into the assessment of General Surgery trainees.
September 2019: Journal of Surgical Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30902457/splenic-development-and-injury-in-premature-lambs-supported-by-the-artificial-placenta
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jennifer S McLeod, Joseph T Church, Megan A Coughlin, Benjamin Carr, Clinton Poling, Ellery Sarosi, Elena M Perkins, Matias Caceres Quinones, Pavel Hala, Raja Rabah, Elizabeth Freiheit, Alvaro Rojas-Pena, Robert H Bartlett, George B Mychaliska
INTRODUCTION: The purpose of this study is to evaluate splenic effects during artificial placenta (AP) support. METHODS: AP lambs (118-121 d, n = 14) were delivered and placed on the AP support for a goal of 10-14 days. Cannulation used right jugular drainage and umbilical vein reinfusion. Early (ETC; 115-120 d; n = 7) and late (LTC; 125-131 d; n = 7) tissue controls were delivered and immediately sacrificed. Spleens were formalin fixed, H&E stained, and graded for injury, response to inflammation, and extramedullary hematopoiesis (EMH)...
March 1, 2019: Journal of Pediatric Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30471171/carborane-based-analogues-of-5-lipoxygenase-inhibitors-co-inhibit-heat-shock-protein-90-in-hct-116-cells
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Evamarie Hey-Hawkins, Robert Kuhnert, Menyhárt-Botond Sárosi, Sven George, Peter Lönnecke, Bettina Hofmann, Dieter Steinhilber, Sara Steinmann, Regine Schneider-Stock, Blagoje Murganic, Sanja Mijatovic, Danijelа Maksimovic-Ivanic
5-Lipoxygenase converts arachidonic acid to leukotrienes that are involved in inflammation and angiogenesis. The introduction of carboranes can improve the pharmacokinetic behavior of metabolically less stable pharmaceutics. We here report the syntheses of several carborane-based inhibitors of the 5-lipoxygenase pathway. The isosteric replacement of phenyl rings by carboranes leads to improved cytotoxicity for several melanoma and colon cancer cell lines. For the colon cancer cell line HCT-116 the co-inhibition of heat shock protein 90 could be detected...
November 24, 2018: ChemMedChem
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30177356/gender-diversity-in-general-surgery-residency-leadership
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anne-Marie Carpenter, Sanda A Tan, Kelly Costopoulos, Lou Ann Cooper, George A Sarosi, Christiana M Shaw
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the proportion and characteristics of women who serve in general surgery program director (PD) and associate program director (APD) positions in the United States. DESIGN: General surgery programs (n = 276) and directors were identified using the Association for Program Directors in Surgery website; information was cross-referenced with American Medical Association FREIDA and Accreditation Council for Graduate Medical Education databases, current to July 1, 2017...
November 2018: Journal of Surgical Education
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30172359/packed-red-blood-cell-donor-age-affects-overall-survival-in-transfused-patients-undergoing-hepatectomy-for-non-hepatocellular-malignancy
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tyler J Loftus, Alexandra N Lopez, Thomas K Jenkins, Edward M Downey, James R Sikora, J Peter R Pelletier, Ivan R Zendejas, George A Sarosi, Ryan M Thomas
BACKGROUND: Patients undergoing hepatectomy often require packed red blood cell (PRBC) transfusion, which has been associated with worse oncologic outcomes. However, limited data exist regarding the impact of PRBC donor factors. We hypothesized that PRBC donor age impacts survival after hepatectomy for non-hepatocellular malignancies. METHODS: Patients who underwent hepatectomy for non-hepatocellular malignancy from 2005 to 2014 were retrospectively evaluated. Impact of clinicopathologic and PRBC factors on oncologic outcomes were assessed...
August 27, 2018: American Journal of Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29937017/postoperative-surgical-trainee-opioid-prescribing-practices-post-opp-an-institutional-study
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kevin R Olsen, David J Hall, Juan C Mira, Patrick W Underwood, Ajay B Antony, Terrie Vasilopoulos, George A Sarosi
BACKGROUND: Increasing mortality from opioid overdoses has prompted increased focus on prescribing practices of physicians. Unfortunately, resident physicians rarely receive formal education in effective opioid prescribing practices or postoperative pain management. Data to inform surgical training programs regarding the utility and feasibility of formal training are lacking. METHODS: Following Institutional Review Board approval, a single institution's resident physicians who had completed at least one surgical rotation were surveyed to assess knowledge of pain management and evaluate opioid prescribing practices...
September 2018: Journal of Surgical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/29710280/reducing-surgical-resident-attrition
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Christiana Shaw, George A Sarosi
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
August 1, 2018: JAMA Surgery
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