keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38537121/influence-of-low-level-tannin-supplementation-on-comparative-growth-performance-of-holstein-and-angus-x-holstein-cross-calf-fed-concentrate-based-finishing-diets-for-328-days
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pedro H V Carvalho, Brooke C Latack, Marcos V C Ferraz, Lester J R P Nolasco, Willi R Meireles, Heitor O M Oliveira, Richard A Zinn
The objective of the current study was to evaluate the effects of tannin and monensin supplementation in feedlot diets and breed (Holstein vs. Angus × Holstein) on growth performance, energetic efficiency, and carcass characteristics. Eighty purebred Holstein calves (HOL; initial body weight (BW) = 130 ± 5 kg) and eighty Angus × Holstein calves (AXH; initial BW = 129 ± 6 kg) were blocked by initial BW and randomly assigned to 40 pens. Dietary treatments consisted of a steam-flaked corn-based diet supplemented with 1) no feed additive (CON); 2) 30 mg of monensin/ kg of dry matter (DM) (MON; Rumensin 90, Elanco, Greenfield, IN); 3) 1...
March 27, 2024: Journal of Animal Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532050/five-year-outcomes-of-revisional-bariatric-surgery-gastric-band-to-sleeve-gastrectomy-or-to-roux-en-y-gastric-bypass
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joseph Carbonaro, Tara McLaughlin, Richard Seip, Ilene Staff, Yin Wu, Connie Santana, Dale Bond, Darren Tishler, Aziz Benbrahim, Pavlos Papasavas
BACKGROUND: Revisional bariatric surgery after an index adjustable gastric band (AGB) may be indicated to remedy weight relapse or band-related complications. We examined outcomes five years following revision from AGB to laparoscopic sleeve gastrectomy (AGB-LSG) or to Roux-en-Y gastric bypass (AGB-RYGB). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective review to identify patients (men and women, age 18-80) who underwent one revisional bariatric procedure with AGB as the index procedure at two medical centers in our healthcare system between January 2012 and February 2017...
March 26, 2024: Surgical Endoscopy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522502/assessment-of-obstetric-characteristics-and-outcomes-associated-with-pregnancy-with-turner-syndrome
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zachary S Anderson, Aaron D Masjedi, Laurel S Aberle, Rachel S Mandelbaum, Katherine V Erickson, Shinya Matsuzaki, Doerthe Brueggmann, Richard J Paulson, Joseph G Ouzounian, Koji Matsuo
OBJECTIVE: To assess national-level trends, characteristics, and outcomes of pregnancies with Turner syndrome in the United States. DESIGN: Cross-sectional study. SETTING: The Healthcare Cost and Utilization Project's National Inpatient Sample. SUBJECTS: 17,865,495 hospital deliveries from 2016-2020. EXPOSURE: A diagnosis of Turner syndrome, identified according to the World Health Organization's International Classification of Disease 10th revision code of Q96...
March 22, 2024: Fertility and Sterility
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520741/pah-deficient-pathology-in-humanized-c-1066-11g-a-phenylketonuria-mice
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ainhoa Martínez-Pizarro, Sara Picó, Arístides López-Márquez, Claudia Rodriguez-López, Elena Montalvo, Mar Alvarez, Margarita Castro, Santiago Ramón-Maiques, Belén Pérez, José J Lucas, Eva Richard, Lourdes R Desviat
We have generated using CRISPR/Cas9 technology a partially humanized mouse model of the neurometabolic disease phenylketonuria (PKU), carrying the highly prevalent PAH variant c.1066-11G>A. This variant creates an alternative 3' splice site, leading to the inclusion of 9 nucleotides coding for 3 extra amino acids between Q355 and Y356 of the protein. Homozygous Pah c.1066-11A mice, with a partially humanized intron 10 sequence with the variant, accurately recapitulate the splicing defect and present almost undetectable hepatic PAH activity...
March 23, 2024: Human Molecular Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520579/clinicopathological-predictors-of-positive-resection-margins-in-breast-conserving-surgery
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hemali Chauhan, Natasha Jiwa, Vikneswaran Raj Nagarajan, Paul Thiruchelvam, Katy Hogben, Ragheed Al-Mufti, Dimitri Hadjiminas, Sami Shousha, Ramsey Cutress, Hutan Ashrafian, Zoltan Takats, Daniel Richard Leff
BACKGROUND: Ductal carcinoma in situ (DCIS) is associated with risk of positive resection margins following breast-conserving surgery (BCS) and subsequent reoperation. Prior reports grossly underestimate the risk of margin positivity with IBC containing a DCIS component (IBC + DCIS) due to patient-level rather than margin-level analysis. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to delineate the relative risk of IBC + DCIS compared with pure IBC (without a DCIS component) on margin positivity through detailed margin-level interrogation...
March 23, 2024: Annals of Surgical Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519280/the-transatlantic-recommendations-for-prostate-gland-evaluation-with-magnetic-resonance-imaging-after-focal-therapy-target-a-systematic-review-and-international-consensus-recommendations
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander Light, Nikhil Mayor, Emma Cullen, Alex Kirkham, Anwar R Padhani, Manit Arya, Joyce G R Bomers, Tim Dudderidge, Behfar Ehdaie, Alex Freeman, Stephanie Guillaumier, Richard Hindley, Amish Lakhani, Douglas Pendse, Shonit Punwani, Ardeshir R Rastinehad, Olivier Rouvière, Rafael Sanchez-Salas, Ivo G Schoots, Heminder K Sokhi, Henry Tam, Clare M Tempany, Massimo Valerio, Sadhna Verma, Geert Villeirs, Jan van der Meulen, Hashim U Ahmed, Taimur T Shah
BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) can detect recurrences after focal therapy for prostate cancer but there is no robust guidance regarding its use. Our objective was to produce consensus recommendations on MRI acquisition, interpretation, and reporting after focal therapy. METHODS: A systematic review was performed in July 2022 to develop consensus statements. A two-round consensus exercise was then performed, with a consensus meeting in January 2023, during which 329 statements were scored by 23 panellists from Europe and North America spanning urology, radiology, and pathology with experience across eight focal therapy modalities...
March 21, 2024: European Urology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518883/a-framework-for-the-systematic-evaluation-of-a-novel-cigarette-filter-technology
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ian Crooks, David Thorne, Mark West, Krishna Prasad, Adam Gray, Casandra West, Peter Wan, Richard Savory, Ignacio Suarez, Carolina Garcia-Canton
Any functional change in cigarette filter design warrants a rigorous assessment to ensure comparability to existing filter functionality. This study compares the functionality of a standard CA filter with a novel cellulose-based alternative using a combination of emissions, in silico approaches, pre-clinical assessments and behavioural studies. We assess the challenges faced with a significant filtration change, the substantiation of this change and the limitations of such assessments. We explore cigarette emission chemical profiles; assess the potential toxicological impacts (in vitro and statistical modelling) of the differing chemical profiles of cigarette smoke aerosol resulting from the respective filter types; and, finally investigate the behavioural aspects associated with use of the novel filter as compared to the traditional one...
March 20, 2024: Food and Chemical Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518389/pfas-alters-placental-arterial-vasculature-in-term-human-placentae-a-prospective-pregnancy-cohort-study
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sadia Firoza Chowdhury, Nashae Prout, Zorimar Rivera-Núñez, Emily Barrett, Jessica Brunner, Zoe Duberstein, Kurunthachalam Kannan, Carolyn M Salafia, Ruchit Shah, Richard K Miller, Thomas G O'Connor
INTRODUCTION: Perfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) are synthetic chemicals used in industrial and consumer goods that are widely detected in human populations and are associated with adverse health outcomes, including perinatal health risks and child health. One mechanism of influence may be the impact of PFAS exposure on placental structure and function. OBJECTIVES: The objective of this study is to investigate the relationship between maternal prenatal exposure to PFAS and measures of placental vascularization, and to assess whether changes in vascularization play a role in mediating the impact of PFAS on birth outcomes...
March 9, 2024: Placenta
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38517705/amino-acids-in-the-polymerase-complex-of-shorebird-isolated-h1n1-influenza-virus-impact-replication-and-host-virus-interactions-in-mammalian-models
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaqin Bai, Hui Lei, Wenjun Song, Sang Chul Shin, Jiaqi Wang, Biying Xiao, Zeynep A Koçer, Min-Suk Song, Robert Webster, Richard Webby, Sook-San Wong, Mark Zanin
A diverse population of avian influenza A viruses (AIVs) are maintained in wild birds and ducks yet the zoonotic potential of AIVs in these environmental reservoirs and the host-virus interactions involved in mammalian infection are not well understood. In studies of a group of subtype H1N1 AIVs isolated from migratory wild birds during surveillance in North America, we previously identified eight amino acids in the polymerase genes PB2 and PB1 that were important for the transmissibility of these AIVs in a ferret model of human influenza virus transmission...
March 22, 2024: Emerging Microbes & Infections
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38516540/weathering-effects-on-degradation-of-low-density-polyethylene-nanosilica-composite-with-added-pro-oxidant
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard G Zepp, Brad Acrey, Mary J B Davis, Anthony L Andrady, Jason Locklin, Rachelle Arnold, Osadolor Okungbowa, Adwoa Commodore
Nanomaterials are increasingly used in polymer composites to enhance their properties, such as mechanical performance and durability, increased electrical conductivity, and improved optical clarity. Here results are presented of a study simulating effects of weathering on degradation of a nanosilica-low-density polyethylene (LDPE) composite. Release of nanosilica from LDPE composites is a potential source of toxic SiO2 . Nanosilica based LDPE composites were weathered under carefully controlled conditions by exposure to simulated sunlight...
April 28, 2023: Journal of Polymers and the Environment
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38515117/cross-neutralizing-antibody-against-emerging-omicron-subvariants-of-sars-cov-2-in-infection-na%C3%A3-ve-individuals-with-homologous-bnt162b2-or-bnt162b2-wt%C3%A2-%C3%A2-ba-4-5-bivalent-booster-vaccination
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Samuel M S Cheng, Chris K P Mok, John K C Li, Ken K P Chan, Kristine S Luk, Ben H W Lee, Haogao Gu, Karl C K Chan, Leo C H Tsang, Karen Y S Yiu, Ken K C Ling, Yun Sang Tang, Leo L H Luk, Jennifer K M Yu, Andrew Pekosz, Richard J Webby, Benjamin J Cowling, David S C Hui, Malik Peiris
Since the emergence of SARS-CoV-2, different variants and subvariants successively emerged to dominate global virus circulation as a result of immune evasion, replication fitness or both. COVID-19 vaccines continue to be updated in response to the emergence of antigenically divergent viruses, the first being the bivalent RNA vaccines that encodes for both the Wuhan-like and Omicron BA.5 subvariant spike proteins. Repeated infections and vaccine breakthrough infections have led to complex immune landscapes in populations making it increasingly difficult to assess the intrinsic neutralizing antibody responses elicited by the vaccines...
March 21, 2024: Virology Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38512219/ultralight-aerogels-via-supramolecular-polymerization-of-a-new-chiral-perfluoropyridine-based-sulfonimidamide-organogelator
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Giampiero Proietti, Anton Axelsson, Antonio J Capezza, Yogesh Todarwal, Julius Kuzmin, Mathieu Linares, Patrick Norman, Zoltán Szabó, Christofer Lendel, Richard T Olsson, Peter Dinér
Chiral and enantiopure perfluorinated sulfonimidamides act as low-molecular weight gelators at low critical gelation concentration (<1 mg mL-1 ) via supramolecular polymerization in nonpolar organic solvents and more heterogenic mixtures, such as biodiesel and oil. Freeze-drying of the organogel leads to ultralight aerogel with extremely low density (1 mg mL-1 ). The gelation is driven by hydrogen bonding resulting in a helical molecular ordering and unique fibre assemblies as confirmed by scanning electron microscopy, CD spectroscopy, and computational modeling of the supramolecular structure...
March 21, 2024: Nanoscale
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38511316/effectiveness-and-safety-of-edoxaban-compared-with-apixaban-in-elderly-patients-with-nonvalvular-atrial-fibrillation-a-real-world-population-based-cohort-study
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard Chiv, Sarah Beradid, Samy Suissa, Christel Renoux
BACKGROUND: The very elderly (≥80 years) are at high risk of nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and thromboembolism. Given its recent approval, the comparative effectiveness and safety of edoxaban in this population, relative to the commonly used apixaban, remain unknown. METHODS: Using the United Kingdom Clinical Practice Research Datalink, we identified a cohort of patients aged ≥80 with incident nonvalvular atrial fibrillation and newly treated with edoxaban or apixaban between 2015 and 2021...
March 21, 2024: Stroke; a Journal of Cerebral Circulation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38508696/feasibility-of-a-sprague-dawley-rat-model-for-investigating-the-effects-of-seated-whole-body-vibration
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anya König, Kat Cor-Jacques, Andre Ganswindt, Natalie Keough, Hester M Oberholzer, Ilse Janse van Rensburg, Richard Mavunganidze, Jolandie Myburgh
Vehicular whole-body vibration (WBV) can have long-term adverse effects on human quality of life. Animal models can be used to study pathophysiologic effects of vibration. The goal of this study was to assess animal cooperation and well-being to determine the feasibility of a novel seated rat model for investigating the effects of WBV on biologic systems. Twenty-four male Sprague-Dawley rats were used. The experiment consisted of an acclimation phase, 2 training phases (TrP1 and TrP2), and a testing phase (TeP), including weekly radiographic imaging...
March 20, 2024: Journal of the American Association for Laboratory Animal Science: JAALAS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507746/cytoreductive-therapy-in-younger-adults-with-polycythemia-vera-a-meta-analysis-of-safety-and-outcomes
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Reem S Chamseddine, Oleksandr Savenkov, Shehroz Tariq Rana, Mohammed Khalid, Richard T Silver, Nicole Kucine, Joseph Michael Scandura, Ghaith Abu-Zeinah
Cytoreductive therapy is not routinely recommended for younger patients with polycythemia vera (PV) due to concern that treatment toxicity may outweigh therapeutic benefits. However, no systematic data supports this approach. To support objective risk/benefit assessment of cytoreductive drugs in PV patients younger than 60 (PV<60), this systematic review and meta-analysis was conducted to evaluate toxicity and disease-related complications in PV<60 treated with interferon alfa (rIFNα) or hydroxyurea (HU)...
March 20, 2024: Blood Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507584/regional-variation-in-weight-change-after-the-transition-to-dolutegravir-a-prospective-cohort-study-in-uganda-and-south-africa
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Richard Migisha, Geoffrey Chen, Winnie R Muyindike, Taing Nandi Aung, Victoria Nanfuka, Nimusiima Komukama, Nomathemba Chandiwana, Gugulethu Shazi, Dessie Tien, Mahomed-Yunus S Moosa, Ravindra K Gupta, Deenan Pillay, Vincent C Marconi, Bethany Hedt-Gauthier, Willem D F Venter, Mark J Siedner, Suzanne M McCluskey, Jennifer Manne-Goehler
BACKGROUND: People with HIV (PWH) on integrase inhibitor-based regimens may be at risk of excess weight gain, but it is unclear if this risk is consistent across settings. We assessed weight change over 48 weeks among PWH who were transitioned to tenofovir disoproxil fumarate/lamivudine/dolutegravir (TLD). DESIGN: We conducted a prospective cohort study at public-sector HIV clinics in Uganda and South Africa. METHODS: Eligible participants were adults who were transitioned to TLD...
March 20, 2024: AIDS
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38507106/microenzymes-is-there-anybody-out-there
#17
REVIEW
Jose Carlos Santos Salgado, Robson Carlos Alnoch, Maria de Lourdes Teixeira de Moraes Polizeli, Richard John Ward
Biological macromolecules are found in different shapes and sizes. Among these, enzymes catalyze biochemical reactions and are essential in all organisms, but is there a limit size for them to function properly? Large enzymes such as catalases have hundreds of kDa and are formed by multiple subunits, whereas most enzymes are smaller, with molecular weights of 20-60 kDa. Enzymes smaller than 10 kDa could be called microenzymes and the present literature review brings together evidence of their occurrence in nature...
March 20, 2024: Protein Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505799/purpose-in-life-as-a-resilience-factor-for-brain-health-diffusion-mri-findings-from-the-midlife-in-the-u-s-study
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ajay Kumar Nair, Nagesh Adluru, Anna J Finley, Lauren K Gresham, Sarah E Skinner, Andrew L Alexander, Richard J Davidson, Carol D Ryff, Stacey M Schaefer
INTRODUCTION: A greater sense of purpose in life is associated with several health benefits relevant for active aging, but the mechanisms remain unclear. We evaluated if purpose in life was associated with indices of brain health. METHODS: We examined data from the Midlife in the United States (MIDUS) Neuroscience Project. Diffusion weighted magnetic resonance imaging data ( n =138; mean age 65.2 years, age range 48-95; 80 females; 37 black, indigenous, and people of color) were used to estimate microstructural indices of brain health such as axonal density, and axonal orientation...
2024: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505296/real-world-effectiveness-of-mrna-covid-19-vaccines-among-us-nursing-home-residents-aged-%C3%A2-65-years-in-the-pre-delta-and-high-delta-periods
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yun Lu, Arnstein Lindaas, Kathryn Matuska, Hector S Izurieta, Rowan McEvoy, Mikhail Menis, Xiangyu Shi, Whitney R Steele, Michael Wernecke, Yoganand Chillarige, Hui Lee Wong, Jeffrey A Kelman, Richard A Forshee
BACKGROUND: Long-term care residents were among the most vulnerable during the COVID-19 pandemic. We estimated vaccine effectiveness of mRNA COVID-19 vaccines in Medicare nursing home residents aged ≥65 years during pre-Delta and high Delta periods. METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from 13 December 2020 to 20 November 2021 using Medicare claims data. Exposures included 2 and 3 doses of Pfizer-BioNTech and Moderna COVID-19 vaccines. We used inverse probability weighting and Cox proportional hazards models to estimate absolute and relative vaccine effectiveness...
March 2024: Open Forum Infectious Diseases
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38505229/associations-between-vascular-health-brain-stiffness-and-global-cognitive-function
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
KowsalyaDevi Pavuluri, John Huston, Richard L Ehman, Armando Manduca, Clifford R Jack, Matthew L Senjem, Prashanthi Vemuri, Matthew C Murphy
Vascular brain injury results in loss of structural and functional connectivity and leads to cognitive impairment. Its various manifestations, including microinfarcts, microhaemorrhages and white matter hyperintensities, result in microstructural tissue integrity loss and secondary neurodegeneration. Among these, tissue microstructural alteration is a relatively early event compared with atrophy along the aging and neurodegeneration continuum. Understanding its association with cognition may provide the opportunity to further elucidate the relationship between vascular health and clinical outcomes...
2024: Brain communications
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