keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526072/applications-of-liquid-chromatography-tandem-mass-spectrometry-in-natural-products-research-tropane-alkaloids-as-a-case-study
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maris A Cinelli, Jill Cline, Tyler Watson
Although many drugs utilized today are synthetic in origin, natural products still provide a rich source of novel chemical diversity and bioactivity, and can yield promising leads for resistant or emerging diseases. The challenge, however, is twofold: not only must researchers find natural products and elucidate their structures, but they must also identify what is worth isolating and assaying (and what is already known - a process known as dereplication). With the advent of modern analytical instrumentation, the pace of natural product discovery and dereplication has accelerated...
March 8, 2024: Journal of Visualized Experiments: JoVE
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522709/a-novel-bhlh-gene-responsive-to-low-nitrogen-positively-regulates-the-biosynthesis-of-medicinal-tropane-alkaloids-in-atropa-belladonna
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuqin Gou, Yanming Jing, Jiaxin Song, Mohammad Mahmoud Nagdy, Chao Peng, Lingjiang Zeng, Min Chen, Xiaozhong Lan, Zun Lai Lai Htun, Zhihua Liao, Yan Li
Medicinal tropane alkaloids (TAs), including hyoscyamine, anisodamine and scopolamine, are essential anticholinergic drugs specifically produced in several solanaceous plants. Atropa belladonna is one of the most important medicinal plants that produces TAs. Therefore, it is necessary to cultivate new A. belladonna germplasm with the high content of TAs. Here, we found that the levels of TAs were elevated under low nitrogen (LN) condition, and identified a LN-responsive bHLH transcription factor (TF) of A. belladonna (named LNIR) regulating the biosynthesis of TAs...
March 22, 2024: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38497715/combining-fecal-microbiome-and-metabolomics-reveals-diagnostic-biomarkers-for-esophageal-squamous-cell-carcinoma
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mingjun Gao, Jun Wu, Siding Zhou, Yong Chen, Mengmeng Wang, Wenbo He, Lei Jiang, Yusheng Shu, Xiaolin Wang
Esophageal squamous cell carcinoma (ESCC) is one of the most predominant subtypes of esophageal cancer. The characteristics of the gut microbiome and its metabolites from patients with ESCC have not been adequately studied and discussed. In this study, 40 fecal samples (20 from ESCC patients and 20 from healthy controls) were analyzed by 16S rRNA gene sequencing and untargeted metabolomics. The data sets were analyzed individually and synthesized using various bioinformatics methods. Alpha and beta diversity indicated significant differences in microbial diversity and abundance between ESCC and healthy control feces...
March 18, 2024: Microbiology Spectrum
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38467298/occurrence-and-health-risk-assessment-of-tropane-alkaloids-in-cereal-foods-consumed-in-korea
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Songyi Han, Sukyeong Jang, Sujin Oh, Jian Lee, Hwa-Jeong Lee, Yong Eui Koo, Byung Hee Kim
Tropane alkaloids (TA) are natural toxins found in certain plants, including cereals, of which atropine and scopolamine are the main species of concern due to their acute toxicity. This study aimed to determine the occurrence of TA in cereal foods and assess the potential health risks associated with their consumption in Korea. TA levels were analyzed in 80 raw and 71 processed cereal samples, which were distributed throughout Korea in 2021, using ultra-performance liquid chromatography-tandem mass spectrometry...
March 9, 2024: Food and Chemical Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38408396/functional-divergence-of-two-arginine-decarboxylase-genes-in-tropane-alkaloid-biosynthesis-and-root-growth-in-atropa-belladonna
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiaoqiang Liu, Mei Yang, Jiahui Zhu, Junlan Zeng, Fei Qiu, Lingjiang Zeng, Chunxian Yang, Hongbo Zhang, Xiaozhong Lan, Min Chen, Zhihua Liao, Tengfei Zhao
Putrescine, produced via the arginine decarboxylase (ADC)/ornithine decarboxylase (ODC)-mediated pathway, is an initial precursor for polyamines metabolism and the root-specific biosynthesis of medicinal tropane alkaloids (TAs). These alkaloids are widely used as muscarinic acetylcholine antagonists in clinics. Although the functions of ODC in biosynthesis of polyamines and TAs have been well investigated, the role of ADC is still poorly understood. In this study, enzyme inhibitor treatment showed that ADC was involved in the biosynthesis of putrescine-derived metabolites and root growth in Atropa belladonna...
February 21, 2024: Plant Physiology and Biochemistry: PPB
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38404897/effects-of-dietary-exposure-to-plant-toxins-on-bioaccumulation-survival-and-growth-of-black-soldier-fly-hermetia-illucens-larvae-and-lesser-mealworm-alphitobius-diaperinus
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patrick P J Mulder, Judith T L Mueller-Maatsch, Nathan Meijer, Marlou Bosch, Lisa Zoet, H J Van Der Fels-Klerx
In their natural habitat, insects may bioaccumulate toxins from plants for defence against predators. When insects are accidently raised on feed that is contaminated with toxins from co-harvested herbs, this may pose a health risk when used for human or animal consumption. Plant toxins of particular relevance are the pyrrolizidine alkaloids (PAs), which are genotoxic carcinogens produced by a wide variety of plant species and the tropane alkaloids (TAs) which are produced by a number of Solanaceae species. This study aimed to investigate the transfer of these plant toxins from substrates to black soldier fly larvae (BSFL) and lesser mealworm (LMW)...
February 29, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38284744/quinoa-alleviates-osteoporosis-in-ovariectomized-rats-by-regulating-gut-microbiota-imbalance
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinfang Dou, Zhengting Liang, Jiaxian Liu, Nannan Liu, Xuehong Hu, Siyu Tao, Xianjie Zhen, Lihua Yang, Jinghua Zhang, Guangjian Jiang
BACKGROUNDS: Postmenopausal osteoporosis (PMO) is associated with dysregulation of bone metabolism and gut microbiota. Quinoa is a grain with high nutritional value, and its effects and potential mechanisms on PMO have not been reported yet. Therefore, the purpose of this study is to investigate the bone protective effect of quinoa on ovariectomy (OVX) rats by regulating bone metabolism and gut microbiota. RESULTS: Quinoa significantly improved osteoporosis-related biochemical parameters of OVX rats,ameliorated ovariectomy-induced bone density reduction and trabecular structure damage...
January 29, 2024: Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38267855/transcriptome-analysis-reveals-the-potential-mechanism-of-the-response-to-scale-insects-in-camellia-sasanqua-thunb
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hongye Zhang, Xubo Wang, Ziyun Yang, Yan Bai, Longqing Chen, Tian Wu
BACKGROUND: Camellia sasanqua Thunb. is an essential woody ornamental plant. Our continuous observation found that scale insects often infest C. sasanqua all year round in Kunming, China, resulting in poor growth. Scientifically preventing and controlling the infestation of scale insects should be paid attention to, and the mechanism of scale insects influencing C. sasanqua should be used as the research basis. RESULTS: The scale insect was identified as Pseudaulacaspis sasakawai Takagi...
January 24, 2024: BMC Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38202439/a-trip-back-home-resistance-to-herbivores-of-native-and-non-native-plant-populations-of-datura-stramonium
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Juan Núñez-Farfán, Sabina Velázquez-Márquez, Jesús R Torres-García, Ivan M De-la-Cruz, Juan Arroyo, Pedro L Valverde, César M Flores-Ortiz, Luis B Hernández-Portilla, Diana E López-Cobos, Javier D Matías
When colonizing new ranges, plant populations may benefit from the absence of the checks imposed by the enemies, herbivores, and pathogens that regulated their numbers in their original range. Therefore, rates of plant damage or infestation by natural enemies are expected to be lower in the new range. Exposing both non-native and native plant populations in the native range, where native herbivores are present, can be used to test whether resistance mechanisms have diverged between populations. Datura stramonium is native to the Americas but widely distributed in Spain, where populations show lower herbivore damage than populations in the native range...
January 2, 2024: Plants (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38166140/trichinella-spiralis-induced-immunomodulation-signatures-on-gut-microbiota-and-metabolic-pathways-in-mice
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xi-Meng Sun, Chun-Yue Hao, An-Qi Wu, Ze-Ni Luo, Saeed El-Ashram, Abdulaziz Alouffi, Yuan Gu, Sha Liu, Jing-Jing Huang, Xin-Ping Zhu
The hygiene hypothesis proposes that decreased exposure to infectious agents in developed countries may contribute to the development of allergic and autoimmune diseases. Trichinella spiralis, a parasitic roundworm, causes trichinellosis, also known as trichinosis, in humans. T. spiralis had many hosts, and almost any mammal could become infected. Adult worms lived in the small intestine, while the larvae lived in muscle cells of the same mammal. T. spiralis was a significant public health threat because it could cause severe illness and even death in humans who eat undercooked or raw meat containing the parasite...
January 2, 2024: PLoS Pathogens
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38114555/multiple-independent-losses-of-the-biosynthetic-pathway-for-two-tropane-alkaloids-in-the-solanaceae-family
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiao Yang, Ying Wu, Pan Zhang, Jianxiang Ma, Ying Jun Yao, Yan Lin Ma, Lei Zhang, Yongzhi Yang, Changmin Zhao, Jihua Wu, Xiangwen Fang, Jianquan Liu
Hyoscyamine and scopolamine (HS), two valuable tropane alkaloids of significant medicinal importance, are found in multiple distantly related lineages within the Solanaceae family. Here we sequence the genomes of three representative species that produce HS from these lineages, and one species that does not produce HS. Our analysis reveals a shared biosynthetic pathway responsible for HS production in the three HS-producing species. We observe a high level of gene collinearity related to HS synthesis across the family in both types of species...
December 20, 2023: Nature Communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38113048/the-chromosome-scale-genome-and-the-genetic-resistance-machinery-against-insect-herbivores-of-the-mexican-toloache-datura-stramonium
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ivan M De-la-Cruz, Ken Oyama, Juan Núñez-Farfán
Plant resistance refers to the heritable ability of plants to reduce damage caused by natural enemies, such as herbivores and pathogens, either through constitutive or induced traits like chemical compounds or trichomes. However, the genetic architecture - the number and genome location of genes that affect plant defense and the magnitude of their effects - of plant resistance to arthropod herbivores in natural populations remains poorly understood. In this study, we aimed to unveil the genetic architecture of plant resistance to insect herbivores in the annual herb Datura stramonium (Solanaceae) through quantitative trait loci (QTL) mapping...
December 19, 2023: G3: Genes—Genomes—Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38110871/a-core-root-bacteria-contribute-to-plant-growth-and-anisodine-accumulation-of-anisodus-tanguticus
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bo Wang, Chen Chen, Yuanming Xiao, Kaiyang Chen, Juan Wang, Lingling Wang, Jianan Li, Zongxiu Kang, Guoying Zhou
BACKGROUND: Although it is well recognized that core root microorganisms contribute to plant health and productivity, little is known about their role to the accumulation of secondary metabolites. The roots of Anisodus tanguticus, a traditional herbal medication utilized by Tibetan medicine, are rich in tropane alkaloids. We collected wild A. tanguticus populations throughout a 1500 km transect on the Qinghai-Tibetan Plateau. RESULTS: Our results showed that despite sampling at a distance of 1500 km, the root of A...
December 19, 2023: BMC Plant Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38109357/miniaturized-analytical-strategy-based-on-%C3%AE-speed-for-monitoring-the-occurrence-of-pyrrolizidine-and-tropane-alkaloids-in-honey
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Natalia Casado, Sonia Morante-Zarcero, Isabel Sierra
Currently, the analysis of trace-level contaminants in food must be addressed following green analytical chemistry principles and with a commitment to the sustainable development goals. Accordingly, a sustainable and ecofriendly microextraction procedure based on μ-SPEed followed by ultrahigh liquid chromatography coupled to ion-trap tandem mass spectrometry analysis was developed to determine the occurrence of pyrrolizidine and tropane alkaloids in honey samples. The μ-SPEed procedure took approximately 3 min per sample, using only 100 μL of organic solvent and 300 μL of diluted sample...
December 18, 2023: Journal of Agricultural and Food Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38098791/geographically-associated-endophytic-fungi-contribute-to-the-tropane-alkaloids-accumulation-of-anisodus-tanguticus
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bo Wang, Chen Chen, Yuanming Xiao, Yan He, Ying Gao, Zongxiu Kang, Xiaoxuan Wei, Yujie Deng, Shihong Feng, Guoying Zhou
Anisodus tanguticus is a valuable plant for extracting tropane alkaloids. However, the mechanisms by which plant microbiome mediate the accumulation of tropane alkaloids in Anisodus tanguticus are still not well understood. In this study, we collected 55 wild Anisodus tanguticus populations on the Tibetan Plateau and the tropane alkaloids content, and root-related bacteria and fungi diversity were analyzed using HPLC and 16 s rDNA and ITS sequencing. The results showed that tropane alkaloids content has obvious geographical distribution characteristics...
2023: Frontiers in Plant Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38061966/plants-that-contaminate-feed-and-forage-and-poison-horses-equine-ttxicology
#16
REVIEW
Bryan L Stegelmeier, T Zane Davis
Many toxic plants are unpalatable to horses and are not eaten when alternative forage is available. However, when such plants contaminate prepared or baled feed and forage, herd competition and improved palatability can alter acceptance and thereby cause equine plant poisonings. Dehydropyrrolizidine alkaloid-containing plants; cocklebur; Salvia reflexa; kleingrass, switchgrass, and other saponin-containing grasses; jimson weed, black henbane, and other tropane alkaloid-containing plants; lantana; Cassia spp and other myotoxic plants; castor bean; cyanogenic glycoside-containing plants; thiaminase-containing plants; and hoary alyssum are among those that most commonly poison horses in North America via contaminated feed or forage...
December 6, 2023: Veterinary Clinics of North America. Equine Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38011416/convolamine-a-tropane-alkaloid-extracted-from-convolvulus-plauricalis-is-a-potent-sigma-1-receptor-positive-modulator-with-cognitive-and-neuroprotective-properties
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lucie Crouzier, Johann Meunier, Allison Carles, Axelle Morilleau, Cassandre Vrigneau, Martine Schmitt, Jean-Jacques Bourguignon, Benjamin Delprat, Tangui Maurice
BACKGROUND AND AIM: By using an in vivo phenotypic screening assay in zebrafish, we identified Convolamine, a tropane alkaloid from Convulvus plauricalis, as a positive modulator of the sigma-1 receptor (S1R). The wfs1abKO zebrafish larva, a model of Wolfram syndrome, exhibits an increased visual-motor response due to a mutation in Wolframin, a protein involved in endoplasmic reticulum-mitochondria communication. We previously reported that ligand activating S1R, restored the cellular and behavioral deficits in patient fibroblasts and zebrafish and mouse models...
November 27, 2023: Phytotherapy Research: PTR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38004321/plant-production-protocols-from-seeds-of-threatened-atropa-baetica-and-widespread-a-belladonna-both-rich-in-alkaloids
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elena Copete, Miguel A Copete, Esmeralda Martínez-Duro, Alejandro Santiago, Pablo Ferrandis, José M Herranz
Members of the genus Atropa contain various tropane alkaloids, including atropine ((±)-hyoscyamine) and scopolamine, which possess medicinal properties. Preserving the diverse genetic background of wild populations via optimal plant production from seeds could be essential for avoiding the loss of potential uses. We analyzed the germination ecology of two Atropa species comprising the threatened A. baetica and widespread A. belladonna to determine the: (1) influence of temperature, light, and seed age on germination patterns; (2) effects of cold stratification and gibberellic acid (GA3 ); (3) phenology of seedling emergence in outdoor conditions; (4) phenology of dormancy break and loss of viability in buried seeds; and (5) ability to form persistent soil seed banks...
November 8, 2023: Life
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37986536/development-and-validation-of-an-analytical-method-for-the-simultaneous-determination-of-12-ergot-2-tropane-and-28-pyrrolizidine-alkaloids-in-cereal-based-food-by-lc-ms-ms
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alejandro García-Juan, Nuria León, Sergio Armenta, Olga Pardo
Alkaloids are naturally occurring compounds containing basic nitrogen atoms. They are biosynthesized mainly by plants but also by some fungi species. Many alkaloids are toxic to humans and animals, and they have been classified as food contaminants. Among them, ergot, tropane, and pyrrolizidine alkaloids have maximum levels in foods, established by the Commission Regulation (EU) 2023/915. In this study, an analytical method was successfully developed and validated for the simultaneous determination of 42 ergot, tropane, and pyrrolizidine alkaloids and their N-oxides in cereal-based food...
December 2023: Food Research International
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37983999/assessment-of-tropane-alkaloid-levels-in-brazilian-buckwheat-flour-products-a-novel-lc-uhplc-ms-ms-approach-using-solid-liquid-extraction-at-low-temperature
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Larissa D Caminhas, Gabriela Freitas Pereira de Souza, Susanne Rath
In recent years, the monitoring of tropane alkaloids, specifically hyoscyamine and scopolamine, in food has become a pressing concern. This is due to increasing reports of food contamination with these compounds worldwide, raising awareness about the potential risks associated with their consumption. A novel method is proposed here for the determination of the sum of (+)-hyoscyamine, (-)-hyoscyamine, and (-)-scopolamine in buckwheat-based matrices, using solid-liquid extraction at low temperature and quantification by bidimensional chromatography coupled to tandem mass spectrometry...
November 18, 2023: Food Chemistry
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