keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535338/knockdown-of-the-expression-of-two-trehalase-genes-with-rnai-disrupts-the-trehalose-and-chitin-metabolism-pathways-in-the-oriental-armyworm-mythimna-separata
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hongjia Yang, Yixiao Wang, Weijia Zhang, Xinxin Zhang, Sibo Wang, Mengyao Cui, Xiaohui Zhao, Dong Fan, Changchun Dai
Trehalose is an important carbohydrate substance in insect hemolymph. Chitin is the main component of cuticle and peritrophic matrix in insects. Trehalase (Tre) catalyzes the decomposition of trehalose. Few studies of trehalase in lepidopteran insects have been conducted. Here, the functions of soluble Tre (Tre1) and membrane-bound Tre (Tre2) in the growth and development of Mythimna separata were investigated. We cloned and identified Tre1 and Tre2 cDNA sequences in M. separata . Analysis expression revealed that MsTre1 and MsTre2 were highly expressed in midgut and integument, respectively...
February 21, 2024: Insects
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535332/association-between-protein-intake-and-diabetes-complications-risk-following-incident-type-2-diabetes-the-epic-potsdam-study
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Elif Inan-Eroglu, Olga Kuxhaus, Franziska Jannasch, Daniela V Nickel, Matthias B Schulze
Our knowledge about the connection between protein intake and diabetes-related complications comes largely from studies among those already diagnosed with type 2 diabetes (T2D). However, there is a lack of information on whether changing protein intake after diabetes diagnosis affects complications risk. We aimed to explore the association between protein intake (total, animal, and plant) and vascular complications in incident T2D patients considering pre-diagnosis intake and changes in intake after diagnosis...
March 19, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535328/application-of-clinical-blood-metabogram-to-type-2-diabetes-mellitus
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Petr G Lokhov, Elena E Balashova, Oxana P Trifonova, Dmitry L Maslov, Ekaterina A Shestakova, Marina V Shestakova, Ivan I Dedov
The clinical blood metabogram (CBM) was developed to match a tailored analysis of the blood metabolome to the time, cost, and reproducibility constraints of clinical laboratory testing. By analyzing the main blood metabolite groups, CBM offers clinically relevant information about the intake of low-molecular substances into the organism, humoral regulation, liver function, amino acid level, and the lipid and carbohydrate metabolism. The purpose of this work was to investigate the relevance of using the CBM in patients with diabetes mellitus...
March 18, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535322/balancing-risks-and-benefits-sodium-glucose-cotransporter-2-inhibitors-and-the-risk-of-diabetic-ketoacidosis
#24
Jan P Kleinjan, Justin Blom, André P van Beek, Hjalmar R Bouma, Peter R van Dijk
Sodium-glucose cotransporter-2 inhibitors (SGLT2is) are a new class of drugs that have been proven beneficial in the management of diabetes, chronic kidney disease, and heart failure and in the mitigation of cardiovascular risk. The benefits of SGLT2i therapy have led to the rapid adoption of these drugs in clinical guidelines. Since the introduction of these drugs, concerns have arisen, as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) unexpectedly occurred in patients treated with SGLT2i. DKA is an infrequent but serious complication of SGLT2i therapy, and is potentially preventable...
March 13, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535318/unravel-the-supremacy-of-klebsiella-variicola-over-native-microbial-strains-for-aroma-enhancing-compound-production-in-reconstituted-tobacco-concentrate-through-metagenomic-analysis
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shen Huang, Li Zhu, Ke Wang, Xinlong Zhang, Duobin Mao, Aamir Rasool
Sensory attributes strongly influence consumers' preferences for products. The inoculation of the Klebsiella variicola H8 strain in a reconstituted tobacco leaf concentrate (RTLC) solution increased neutral aroma-enhancing compound (NAEC) production by 45%, decreased the nicotine level by 25%, decreased the water-soluble total sugar content by ~36%, and improved the sensory quality by 5.71%. The production of NAECs such as dihydrokiwi lactone (DHKL: 192.86%), 1,2,3,4-tetrahydro-1,1,6-trimethylnaphthalene (THTMN: 177...
March 8, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535316/daily-injection-of-the-%C3%AE-2-adrenergic-agonist-clenbuterol-improved-muscle-glucose-metabolism-glucose-stimulated-insulin-secretion-and-hyperlipidemia-in-juvenile-lambs-following-heat-stress-induced-intrauterine-growth-restriction
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachel L Gibbs, James A Wilson, Rebecca M Swanson, Joslyn K Beard, Zena M Hicks, Haley N Beer, Eileen S Marks-Nelson, Ty B Schmidt, Jessica L Petersen, Dustin T Yates
Stress-induced fetal programming diminishes β2 adrenergic tone, which coincides with intrauterine growth restriction ( IUGR ) and lifelong metabolic dysfunction. We determined if stimulating β2 adrenergic activity in IUGR-born lambs would improve metabolic outcomes. IUGR lambs that received daily injections of saline or the β2 agonist clenbuterol from birth to 60 days were compared with controls from pair-fed thermoneutral pregnancies. As juveniles, IUGR lambs exhibited systemic inflammation and robust metabolic dysfunction, including greater ( p < 0...
March 7, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535303/metabolomic-analysis-reveals-association-between-decreased-ovarian-reserve-and-in-vitro-fertilization-outcomes
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Na An, Min Zhang, Quan-Fei Zhu, Yao-Yu Chen, Yan-Ling Deng, Xiao-Ying Liu, Qiang Zeng, Yu-Qi Feng
In vitro fertilization (IVF) is a highly effective treatment for infertility; however, it poses challenges for women with decreased ovarian reserve (DOR). Despite the importance of understanding the impact of DOR on IVF outcomes, limited research has explored this relationship, particularly using omics approaches. Hence, we conducted a study to investigate the association between DOR and IVF outcomes, employing a metabolomic approach. We analyzed serum samples from 207 women undergoing IVF treatment, including 89 with DOR and 118 with normal ovarian reserve (NOR)...
February 27, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535302/5-ala-dta-6-and-nitrogen-mitigate-nacl-stress-by-promoting-photosynthesis-and-carbon-metabolism-in-rice-seedlings
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaxin Wang, Chaolu Tan, Yinghao Li, Fengyan Meng, Youwei Du, Shuyu Zhang, Wenxin Jiang, Naijie Feng, Liming Zhao, Dianfeng Zheng
A large number of dead seedlings can occur in saline soils, which seriously affects the large-scale cultivation of rice. This study investigated the effects of plant growth regulators (PGRs) and nitrogen application on seedling growth and salt tolerance ( Oryza sativa L.), which is of great significance for agricultural production practices. A conventional rice variety, "Huang Huazhan", was selected for this study. Non-salt stress treatments included 0% NaCl (CK treatment), CK + 0.05 g N/pot (N treatment), CK + 40 mg·L-1 5-aminolevulinic acid (5-ALA) (A treatment), and CK + 30 mg·L-1 diethylaminoethyl acetate (DTA-6) (D treatment)...
February 27, 2024: Metabolites
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535275/enhanced-salt-removal-of-fresh-water-by-recovery-reduced-ion-concentration-polarization-desalination
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Myeonghyeon Cho, Seokhee Han, Seohyun Lee, Joong Bae Kim, Bumjoo Kim
Here, we examine electromembrane systems for low-concentration desalination applicable to ultrapure water production. In addition to electrodialysis and ion concentration polarization (ICP) desalination, we propose a recovery-reduced ICP strategy for reducing the width of the desalted outlet for a higher salt removal ratio (SRR). The correlation between conductivity changes and thickness of the ion depletion zone is identified for electrodialysis, ICPH (1:1), and ICPQ (3:1) with a low-concentration feed solution (10 mM, 1 mM, 0...
February 21, 2024: Membranes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535233/the-effect-of-green-extraction-technologies-on-the-chemical-composition-of-medicinal-chaga-mushroom-extracts
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vesna Lazić, Anita Klaus, Maja Kozarski, Ana Doroški, Tomislav Tosti, Siniša Simić, Jovana Vunduk
The mushroom industry should implement green extraction technologies; however, there is not enough information on the differences between these techniques expressed as the chemical composition of the resulting extract. In this study, selected types of green extraction techniques (GETs) were used on Chaga ( Inonotus obliquus ) (Fr.) Pilát from Serbia (IS) and Mongolia (IM) to examine the differences that would enable the composition-based technology choices in the mushroom supplement industry. Subcritical water extraction (SWE), microwave-assisted (MW) extraction, and ultrasonic-assisted extraction (VAE) were used to prepare the extracts...
March 19, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535227/new-vision-of-cell-walls-in-aspergillus-fumigatus-from-solid-state-nmr-spectroscopy
#31
REVIEW
Isha Gautam, Kalpana Singh, Malitha C Dickwella Widanage, Jayasubba Reddy Yarava, Tuo Wang
The fungal cell wall plays a critical role in regulating cellular integrity and communication, and serves as a frontline defense against stress. It is also a prime target for the development of antifungal agents. The cell wall is comprised of diverse polysaccharides and proteins and poses a challenging target for high-resolution structural characterization. Recently, the solid-state nuclear magnetic resonance (ssNMR) analysis of intact Aspergillus fumigatus cells has provided atomic-level insights into the structural polymorphism and functional assembly principles of carbohydrate components within the cell wall...
March 16, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535223/unlocking-the-power-new-insights-into-the-anti-aging-properties-of-mushrooms
#32
REVIEW
Jing Luo, Kumar Ganesan, Baojun Xu
Aging is a complex biological process that is influenced by both intrinsic and extrinsic factors. Recently, it has been discovered that reactive oxygen species can accelerate the aging process, leading to an increased incidence of age-related diseases that are characteristic of aging. This review aims to discuss the potential of mushrooms as a dietary intervention for anti-aging, focusing on their nutritional perspective. Mushrooms contain various bioactive compounds, including carbohydrates, bioactive proteins, fungal lipids, and phenolic compounds...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535219/chromosome-level-assembly-and-comparative-genomic-analysis-of-suillus-bovinus-provides-insights-into-the-mechanism-of-mycorrhizal-symbiosis
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jinhua Zhang, Mengya An, Yanliu Chen, Shengkun Wang, Junfeng Liang
Suillus bovinus is a wild edible ectomycorrhizal fungus with important economic and ecological value, which often forms an ectomycorrhiza with pine trees. We know little about the mechanisms associated with the metabolism and symbiosis of S. bovinus and its effects on the nutritional value. In this study, the whole-genome sequencing of S. bovinus was performed using Illumina, HiFi, and Hi-C technologies, and the sequencing data were subjected to genome assembly, gene prediction, and functional annotation to obtain a high-quality chromosome-level genome of S...
March 13, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535173/the-dynamic-interaction-between-oil-palm-and-phytophthora-palmivora-in-bud-rot-disease-insights-from-transcriptomic-analysis-and-network-modelling
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mariandrea García-Gaona, David Botero-Rozo, Leonardo Araque, Hernán Mauricio Romero
Bud Rot, caused by Phytophthora palmivora , is considered one of the main diseases affecting African oil palm ( Elaeis guineensis ). In this study, we investigated the in vitro molecular dynamics of the pathogen-host interaction by analyzing gene expression profiles from oil palm genotypes that were either susceptible or resistant to the disease. We observed distinct interactions of P. palmivora with resistant and susceptible oil palms through co-expression network analysis. When interacting with susceptible genotypes, P...
February 20, 2024: Journal of Fungi (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535120/triple-silencing-of-hsp27-cflip-and-clu-genes-promotes-the-sensitivity-of-doxazosin-induced-apoptosis-in-pc-3-prostate-cancer-cells
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jeong Man Cho, Sojung Sun, Eunji Im, Hyunwon Yang, Tag Keun Yoo
Background: This study investigated how the expression of heat shock protein 27 (HSP27), cellular FLICE-like inhibitory protein (cFLIP), and clusterin (CLU) affects the progression of cancer cells and their susceptibility to doxazosin-induced apoptosis. By silencing each of these genes individually, their effect on prostate cancer cell viability after doxazosin treatment was investigated. Methods: PC-3 prostate cancer cells were cultured and then subjected to gene silencing using siRNA targeting HSP27, cFLIP, and CLU, either individually, in pairs, or all together...
February 21, 2024: Medicines (Basel, Switzerland)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535068/rotator-cuff-muscle-imbalance-in-patients-with-chronic-anterior-shoulder-instability
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Du-Han Kim, Ji-Hoon Kim, Chul-Hyun Cho
(1) Background: Both intra-articular pathologies and muscle imbalance can be a cause of shoulder instability. The purpose of this study is to examine the cross-sectional areas of the rotator cuff muscle in patients with acute and chronic anterior shoulder instability and to determine the associations between imbalance and chronicity of the rotator cuff. (2) Methods: Patients with confirmed dislocation of the anterior shoulder were included. The patients were divided into two groups according to the time between the initial dislocation event and when MRI imaging was performed Measurements of the rotator cuff muscle areas were performed in the scapular Y view and glenoid face view using MRI...
March 19, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535053/a-web-based-dynamic-nomogram-to-predict-the-risk-of-methicillin-resistant-staphylococcal-infection-in-patients-with-pneumonia
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Van Duong-Thi-Thanh, Binh Truong-Quang, Phu Tran-Nguyen-Trong, Mai Le-Phuong, Phu Truong-Thien, Dung Lam-Quoc, Thong Dang-Vu, Minh-Loi Nguyen, Vu Le-Thuong
The aim of this study was to create a dynamic web-based tool to predict the risks of methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus spp. (MRS) infection in patients with pneumonia. We conducted an observational study of patients with pneumonia at Cho Ray Hospital from March 2021 to March 2023. The Bayesian model averaging method and stepwise selection were applied to identify different sets of independent predictors. The final model was internally validated using the bootstrap method. We used receiver operator characteristic (ROC) curve, calibration, and decision curve analyses to assess the nomogram model's predictive performance...
March 16, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535027/detection-of-acute-brain-injury-in-intensive-care-unit-patients-on-ecmo-support-using-ultra-low-field-portable-mri-a-retrospective-analysis-compared-to-head-ct
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sung-Min Cho, Shivalika Khanduja, Jiah Kim, Jin Kook Kang, Jessica Briscoe, Lori R Arlinghaus, Kha Dinh, Bo Soo Kim, Haris I Sair, Audrey-Carelle N Wandji, Elena Moreno, Glenda Torres, Jose Gavito-Higuera, Huimahn A Choi, John Pitts, Aaron M Gusdon, Glenn J Whitman
Early detection of acute brain injury (ABI) is critical to intensive care unit (ICU) patient management and intervention to decrease major complications. Head CT (HCT) is the standard of care for the assessment of ABI in ICU patients; however, it has limited sensitivity compared to MRI. We retrospectively compared the ability of ultra-low-field portable MR (ULF-pMR) and head HCT, acquired within 24 h of each other, to detect ABI in ICU patients supported on extracorporeal membrane oxygenation (ECMO). A total of 17 adult patients (median age 55 years; 47% male) were included in the analysis...
March 13, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535012/color-transfer-enhanced-data-construction-and-validation-for-deep-learning-based-upper-gastrointestinal-landmark-classification-in-wireless-capsule-endoscopy
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hyeon-Seo Kim, Byungwoo Cho, Jong-Oh Park, Byungjeon Kang
While the adoption of wireless capsule endoscopy (WCE) has been steadily increasing, its primary application remains limited to observing the small intestine, with relatively less application in the upper gastrointestinal tract. However, there is a growing anticipation that advancements in capsule endoscopy technology will lead to a significant increase in its application in upper gastrointestinal examinations. This study addresses the underexplored domain of landmark identification within the upper gastrointestinal tract using WCE, acknowledging the limited research and public datasets available in this emerging field...
March 11, 2024: Diagnostics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535004/whole-process-of-standardization-of-diffusion-weighted-imaging-phantom-validation-and-clinical-application-according-to-the-qiba-profile
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Se Jin Choi, Kyung Won Kim, Yousun Ko, Young Chul Cho, Ji Sung Jang, Hyemin Ahn, Dong Wook Kim, Mi Young Kim
Background: To use the apparent diffusion coefficient (ADC) as reliable biomarkers, validation of MRI equipment performance and clinical acquisition protocols should be performed prior to application in patients. This study aims to validate various MRI equipment and clinical brain protocols for diffusion weighted imaging (DWI) using commercial phantom, and confirm the validated protocols in patients' images. Methods: The performance of four different scanners and clinical brain protocols were validated using a Quantitative Imaging Biomarker Alliance (QIBA) diffusion phantom and cloud-based analysis tool...
March 9, 2024: Diagnostics
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