Uterine serous cancer

Anti-HER2 targeted therapies have recently demonstrated clinical activity in the treatment of high-grade endometrial carcinomas (EC), particularly serous carcinomas with HER2 amplification and/or overexpression. Intratumor heterogeneity of HER2 amplification, or HER2 genetic intratumor heterogeneity (G-ITH), has been associated with resistance to anti-HER2 therapies in breast and gastroesophageal cancers, however, its clinical relevance in EC is unknown. To characterize HER2 G-ITH in EC, archival specimens from a clinically annotated cohort of 57 ECs treated with trastuzumab or trastuzumab-emtansine in the recurrent (n=38) or adjuvant (n=19) setting were subjected to central pathology review, HER2 assessment by immunohistochemistry (IHC) and fluorescence in-situ hybridization (FISH), and next-generation sequencing (NGS)...

BACKGROUND/OBJECTIVE: Maturity-onset diabetes of the young type 5 (MODY5) is caused by a hepatocyte nuclear factor 1β (HNF1β) gene mutation on chromosome 17q12. HNF1β mutations have also been found in ovarian clear cell carcinoma, whereas ovarian non-clear cell carcinoma expresses this mutation rarely. 17q12 recurrent deletion syndrome features include MODY5, urogenital anomalies, and psychiatric and neurodevelopmental disorders. This is a report of a patient with 17q12 recurrent deletion syndrome with MODY5, uterine abnormalities, and low-grade serous ovarian cancer...

SEIC is a non-invasive lesion of the endometrial epithelium considered to be the precursor to uterine serous carcinoma (USC) and is just as aggressive as USC. Currently, there are no reliable data about the behavior and prognosis of SEIC; therefore, the therapeutic management approach is not clear. Method : A systematic search of the Pubmed, Scopus and Embase databases was conducted, following the recommendations in the Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analyses (PRISMA). Results : Of the 296 studies that matched the search criteria, only 9 met the inclusion criteria, covering a total of 81 patients...

PURPOSE: Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) is a rare endometrial cancer representing less than 10% of uterine cancers but contributing to up to 50% of the mortality. Delay in diagnosis with this high-grade histology can have significant clinical impact. USC is known to arise in a background of endometrial atrophy. We investigated endometrial stripe (EMS) thickness in USC to evaluate current guidelines for postmenopausal bleeding in the context of this histology. METHODS: Retrospective chart review was conducted using ICD-9 and ICD-10 codes over an 18-year period...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the use of Gynecologic Oncology Group 258 (GOG 258) study regimens before, during, and after the study. METHODS: Patients aged 18 years or older with endometrial cancer between 2004-2019 were identified in the National Cancer Database. Inclusion criteria were stage III or IVA of any histology and stage I-IVA clear cell or serous histologies with positive washings that received adjuvant therapy. Adjuvant therapy use was examined in the pre-GOG 258 era (before 2009), during GOG 258 enrollment and maturation (2010-2017), and after results presentation in 2017 (2018-2019)...

Historically known as a "silent killer", ovarian cancer is often diagnosed at an advanced stage. We describe an unusual case of stage I, ovarian, high-grade serous carcinoma detected by a routine Papanicolaou (PAP) smear, with no abnormal physical, imaging, or laboratory findings. A 53-year-old woman with newly diagnosed triple-negative breast cancer received a screening Pap smear, which showed malignant cells not coming from the breast or uterine cervix. Pelvic examination, cervical biopsy, and gynecologic ultrasonography found no abnormality...

Primary mucinous ovarian carcinoma (MOC) is a rare ovarian epithelial cancer, which is often refractory to chemotherapy. HER2-targeting therapy is being increasingly considered in gynecologic malignancies. Although there have been limited studies examining the HER2 status of such tumors, the criteria for HER2 expression scoring have not been standardized for MOC as it has for other sites. This study aimed to survey immunohistochemical HER2 expression patterns in MOC and its precursor, mucinous borderline tumor in correlation with fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH)...

INTRODUCTION: Many advances in the understanding of the pathologic and molecular features of endometrial cancer have occurred since the FIGO staging was last updated in 2009. Substantially more outcome and biological behavior data are now available regarding the several histological types. Molecular and genetic findings have accelerated since the publication of The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA) data and provide improved clarity on the diverse biological nature of this collection of endometrial cancers and their differing prognostic outcomes...

Uterine serous carcinomas show more frequent mutations of TP53, FBXW7, PIK3CA, and PP2R1A. Furthermore, cyclin-dependent kinase, human epidermal growth factor receptor 2, phosphatidylinositol 3-kinase/protein kinase B, and mammalian target of rapamycin signaling pathways are involved in uterine serous carcinoma progression. However, most patients with uterine serous carcinoma develop chemoresistance to paclitaxel and carboplatin. Moreover, uterine serous carcinoma shows immunosuppressive microenvironment with lower frequency of microsatellite instability...

PURPOSE: Full-length vaginal (FLV) brachytherapy for patients with endometrial cancer and high-risk features should be considered as per the American Brachytherapy Society to reduce distal vaginal recurrence in patients with endometrial cancers with papillary serous/clear cell histologies, grade 3 status, or extensive lymphovascular invasion. We sought to investigate this patient population and report outcomes of treatment with high-dose-rate (HDR) brachytherapy in women treated with FLV brachytherapy versus partial-length vaginal (PLV) brachytherapy...

•Alpha-fetoprotein secreting tumors in gynecologic cancers have a broad differential.•Surgical pathology may provide a more comprehensive picture of tumor heterogeneity than initial biopsy.•Yolk Sac Tumor components intermixed with carcinoma points towards a somatic derivative rather than a collision tumor.•Alpha-fetoprotein can be trended over time to gauge response to treatment of cancers that produce the protein.

Serous endometrial intraepithelial carcinoma (SEIC) is a rare but highly aggressive form of uterine endometrial cancer. We report two cases of post-menopausal, 58-year-old patients with abundant vaginal bleeding and pelvic pain. The first patient had a history of surgical hysteroscopy in 2019 for an endocervical polyp. The second patient had a history of breast resection, axillary lymph node dissection, chemotherapy, radiation therapy, and tamoxifen therapy for breast carcinoma 6 years ago. An abdominal hysterectomy was performed in both patients...

OBJECTIVES: Uterine cancer has the highest incidence and the second-highest mortality rate among gynecologic malignancies in the United States. Although uterine serous carcinoma (USC) represents less than 10% of endometrial carcinomas, it accounts for a disproportionate 50% of tumor relapses and 40% of endometrial cancer deaths. Over the past decade, clinical trials have focused on finding better treatments for this aggressive subtype of endometrial cancer, especially HER2-targeted therapy...

Trastuzumab is a humanised, monoclonal antibody that interferes with the human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)/neu receptor and binds selectively to the HERB2 protein. It has been shown to prolong survival of patients with HER2-positive advanced uterine serous carcinoma.We report the case of a woman in her 70s with HER2-positive metastatic papillary serous endometrial adenocarcinoma, who experienced severe thrombocytopenia related to trastuzumab administration. One week after the first dose of carboplatin/paclitaxel/trastuzumab combination chemotherapy, the patient was admitted to the hospital with vaginal bleeding, melena, petechiae and platelet counts of 0×109 /L...

Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) and carcinosarcomas (CSs) are rare, highly aggressive variants of endometrial cancer. No reliable tumor biomarkers are currently available to guide response to treatment or detection of early recurrence in USC/CS patients. Circulating tumor DNA (ctDNA) identified using ultrasensitive technology such as droplet digital polymerase chain reaction (ddPCR) may represent a novel platform for the identification of occult disease. We explored the use of personalized ctDNA markers for monitoring USC and CS patients...

Endometrial cancers are classified into mismatch repair (MMR) deficient- (MMRd), p53 mutation- (p53mut), DNA polymerase epsilon (POLE) mutation (POLEmut), and no specific molecular profile (NSMP) subtypes according to The Cancer Genome Atlas (TCGA). The distinction between POLEmut and NSMP subtypes is made on the basis of molecular analysis because the specific histological and immunohistochemical features of these two subtypes are still unknown. In this study, we analyzed histological features by scoring the presence of a mucinous pool, giant cells, clear cells, keratinization, neutrophilic abscess, and surface proliferating pattern in 82 cases of endometrial cancers in which an integrative diagnosis was confirmed by immunohistochemistry and genomic profiles showing POLE mutations, tumor mutation burden, and microsatellite instability...

BACKGROUND: Uterine serous carcinoma (USC) is an aggressive subtype of endometrial carcinoma which has been increasing at alarming rates, particularly among Asian, Hispanic and Black women. USC has not been well characterized in terms of mutational status, pattern of metastases and survival. OBJECTIVE: To investigate the association between sites of recurrence and metastases of USC, mutational status, race, and overall survival (OS). METHODS: This single-center retrospective study evaluated patients with biopsy-proven USC that underwent genomic testing between January 2015 and July 2021...

Runt-related transcription factor 3 (RUNX3) plays a pivotal role in tumor microenvironment and immune infiltration. However, the prognostic and immunological roles of RUNX3 in pancancer remain unclear. In the current study, we explored the expression profiles, prognostic landscape, and immune infiltration of RUNX3 in pancancer through a variety of online platforms, including HPA, ONCOMINE, UALCAN, GEPIA, PrognoScan, TCGA, TIMER, R2, and Reactome databases. In general, RUNX3 was widely expressed in tonsil, gallbladder, skin, spleen, lymph node, and bone marrow, and RUNX3 was frequently higher expression in tumor tissues compared to normal tissues...

BACKGROUND: Serous endometrial intra-epithelial carcinoma is described as a malignant, superficial spreading lesion with risk of extra-uterine spread at time of diagnosis, and poor outcome. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the surgical management of patients with serous endometrial intra-epithelial carcinoma and its impact on oncologic outcomes and complications. METHODS: This Dutch observational retrospective cohort study evaluated all patients diagnosed with pure serous endometrial intra-epithelial carcinoma in the Netherlands, between January 2012 and July 2020...

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