keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38473304/non-mutational-key-features-in-the-biology-of-thymomas
#1
REVIEW
Stefan Küffer, Denise Müller, Alexander Marx, Philipp Ströbel
Thymomas (THs) are a unique group of heterogeneous tumors of the thymic epithelium. In particular, the subtypes B2 and B3 tend to be aggressive and metastatic. Radical tumor resection remains the only curative option for localized tumors, while more advanced THs require multimodal treatment. Deep sequencing analyses have failed to identify known oncogenic driver mutations in TH, with the notable exception of the GTF2I mutation, which occurs predominantly in type A and AB THs. However, there are multiple alternative non-mutational mechanisms (e...
February 26, 2024: Cancers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38458752/biallelic-variants-in-plexin-b2-plxnb2-cause-amelogenesis-imperfecta-hearing-loss-and-intellectual-disability
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Claire E L Smith, Virginie Laugel-Haushalter, Ummey Hany, Sunayna Best, Rachel L Taylor, James A Poulter, Saskia B Wortmann, Rene G Feichtinger, Johannes A Mayr, Suhaila Al Bahlani, Georgios Nikolopoulos, Alice Rigby, Graeme C Black, Christopher M Watson, Sahar Mansour, Chris F Inglehearn, Alan J Mighell, Agnès Bloch-Zupan
BACKGROUND: Plexins are large transmembrane receptors for the semaphorin family of signalling proteins. Semaphorin-plexin signalling controls cellular interactions that are critical during development as well as in adult life stages. Nine plexin genes have been identified in humans, but despite the apparent importance of plexins in development, only biallelic PLXND1 and PLXNA1 variants have so far been associated with Mendelian genetic disease. METHODS: Eight individuals from six families presented with a recessively inherited variable clinical condition, with core features of amelogenesis imperfecta (AI) and sensorineural hearing loss (SNHL), with variable intellectual disability...
March 8, 2024: Journal of Medical Genetics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38440154/serum-exosomal-microrna-pathway-activation-in-placenta-accreta-spectrum-pathophysiology-and-detection
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jessian L Munoz, Brett D Einerson, Robert M Silver, Sureshkumar Mulampurath, Lauren S Sherman, Pranela Rameshwar, Egle Bytautiene Prewit, Patrick S Ramsey
BACKGROUND: Placenta accreta spectrum disorders are a complex range of placental pathologies that are associated with significant maternal morbidity and mortality. A diagnosis of placenta accreta spectrum relies on ultrasonographic findings with modest positive predictive value. Exosomal microRNAs are small RNA molecules that reflect the cellular processes of the origin tissues. OBJECTIVE: We aimed to explore exosomal microRNA expression to understand placenta accreta spectrum pathology and clinical use for placenta accreta spectrum detection...
February 2024: AJOG global reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38412917/plasma-micrornas-as-biomarkers-in-hereditary-angioedema
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Timothy Craig, Kristina Richwine, Faoud T Ishmael
BACKGROUND: Hereditary angioedema (HAE) is an autosomal dominant disease with variable expression. In some families with identical genetic abnormality, the expression can range from several attacks per month to no attacks at all. It is hypothesized that post-transcriptional gene regulation account for the variable expression of the disease. OBJECTIVE: We sought to identify candidate micro-ribonucleic acids (miRNAs) that could play a role in HAE by determining whether miRNAs differentially expressed in HAE vs...
February 25, 2024: Annals of Allergy, Asthma & Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395178/shengjihuayu-formula-ameliorates-the-oxidative-injury-in-human-keratinocytes-via-blocking-jnk-c-jun-mmps-signaling-pathway
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lu Sun, Hao Yin, Li Yuting, Yun-Xiao Qiao, Jie Wang, Qing-Yi He, Zhen-Wei Xiao, Le Kuai, Yan-Wei Xiang
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The reactive oxygen species (ROS) surge in the chronic wound tissue of diabetic ulcers (DUs) aggravates the inflammatory response. The oxidative stress state during inflammation will exacerbate inflammation and cause tissue damage, resulting in prolonged wound healing. Shengjihuayu Formula (SJHYF) is a renowned Chinese medicine prescription for treating chronic wounds in diabetic ulcers. Growing clinical evidence has demonstrated that SJHYF exhibits superior therapeutic efficacy and has a favorable safety profile...
February 21, 2024: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38358546/a-study-on-the-association-between-gut-microbiota-inflammation-and-type-2-diabetes
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nannan Liu, Xuehua Yan, Bohan Lv, Yanxiang Wu, Xuehong Hu, Chunyan Zheng, Siyu Tao, Ruxue Deng, Jinfang Dou, Binfang Zeng, Guangjian Jiang
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) was reported to be associated with impaired immune response and alterations in microbial composition and function. However, the underlying mechanism remains elusive. To investigate the association among retinoic acid-inducible gene-I-like receptors (RLRs) signaling pathway, intestinal bacterial microbiome, microbial tryptophan metabolites, inflammation, and a longer course of T2DM, 14 patients with T2DM and 7 healthy controls were enrolled. 16S rRNA amplicon sequencing and untargeted metabolomics were utilized to analyze the stool samples...
February 15, 2024: Applied Microbiology and Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38285395/co-immunoprecipitation-based-isolation-of-double-stranded-rna-associated-protein-complexes-in-nicotiana-benthamiana
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhaoxing Jia, Jianping Chen, Fei Yan, Guanwei Wu
Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) is associated with most viral infections, and is generated in host cells during viral replication. Viral RNA replication occurs within the viral factories called the viral replication complexes (VRCs). In addition to viral genome, viral-derived dsRNA and replicase, the VRCs composition remains largely unexplored. The dsRNA binding domain of the B2 protein from Flock house virus has been reported to be used for detecting viral-derived long dsRNA in plants efficiently. Nicotiana benthamiana is widely used as a model plant for plant-microbe interactions owing to its susceptibility to diverse plant diseases, especially viral diseases...
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38285389/subcellular-colocalization-assay-of-host-factors-with-viral-replication-complex-in-the-dsrna-reporter-nicotiana-benthamiana
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinxin Fang, Jianping Chen, Fei Yan, Guanwei Wu
As obligate pathogens, plant viruses co-opt several host factors for viral replication. Double-stranded RNA (dsRNA) plays important roles in plants, including eliciting innate immune responses and RNA interference. dsRNA also represents the genetic entities of a number of viruses and is a marker of infection by positive-sense single-stranded RNA viruses. Previous detection methods for RNA viruses basically relied on immunological methods, but later researchers discovered that the dsRNA-binding domain of the Flock house virus B2 protein is a perfect alternative to the J2 mAb for sensitive and rapid detection of long dsRNA in vitro and in vivo, and developed B2:GFP transgenic Nicotiana benthamiana line...
2024: Methods in Molecular Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38284074/binding-mechanism-of-riboswitch-to-natural-ligand-elucidated-by-mcmd-based-dynamic-docking-simulations
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gert-Jan Bekker, Yoshifumi Fukunishi, Junichi Higo, Narutoshi Kamiya
Flavin mononucleotide riboswitches are common among many pathogenic bacteria and are therefore considered to be an attractive target for antibiotics development. The riboswitch binds riboflavin (RBF, also known as vitamin B2 ), and although an experimental structure of their complex has been solved with the ligand bound deep inside the RNA molecule in a seemingly unreachable state, the binding mechanism between these molecules is not yet known. We have therefore used our Multicanonical Molecular Dynamics (McMD)-based dynamic docking protocol to analyze their binding mechanism by simulating the binding process between the riboswitch aptamer domain and the RBF, starting from the apo state of the riboswitch...
January 23, 2024: ACS Omega
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38229152/lncrna-al139294-1-can-be-transported-by-extracellular-vesicles-to-promote-the-oncogenic-behaviour-of-recipient-cells-through-activation-of-the-wnt-and-nf-%C3%AE%C2%BAb2-pathways-in-non-small-cell-lung-cancer
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xinyi Ma, Zhenhua Chen, Wei Chen, Ziyuan Chen, Yue Shang, Yikai Zhao, Leyi Li, Chengwei Zhou, Jinxian He, Xiaodan Meng
BACKGROUND: Extracellular vesicles (EVs) participate in cancer development via cell-to-cell communication. Long non-coding RNAs (lncRNAs), one component of EVs, can play an essential role in non-small-cell lung cancer (NSCLC) through EV-mediated delivery. METHODS: The NSCLC-associated lncRNA AL139294.1 in EVs was identified via lncRNA microarray analysis. The role of AL139294.1 in NSCLC was examined in vitro and in vivo. Confocal microscopy was used to observe the encapsulation of AL139294...
January 16, 2024: Journal of Experimental & Clinical Cancer Research: CR
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38228145/structural-determinants-for-trna-selective-cleavage-by-rnase-2-edn
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiarui Li, Xincheng Kang, Irene Guidi, Lu Lu, Pablo Fernández-Millán, Guillem Prats-Ejarque, Ester Boix
tRNA-derived fragments (tRFs) have emerged as key players of immunoregulation. Some RNase A superfamily members participate in the shaping of the tRFs population. By comparing wild-type and knockout macrophage cell lines, our previous work revealed that RNase 2 can selectively cleave tRNAs. Here, we confirm the in vitro protein cleavage pattern by screening of synthetic tRNAs, single-mutant variants, and anticodon-loop DNA/RNA hairpins. By sequencing of tRF products, we identified the cleavage selectivity of recombinant RNase 2 with base specificity at B1 (U/C) and B2 (A) sites, consistent with a previous cellular study...
January 5, 2024: Structure
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38217865/transcription-factor-lbd16-targets-cell-wall-modification-ion-transport-genes-in-peach-lateral-root-formation
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xuelian Wu, Zhe Wang, Anqi Du, Huaifeng Gao, Jiahui Liang, Wenying Yu, Haixiang Yu, Shihao Fan, Qiuju Chen, Jian Guo, Yuansong Xiao, Futian Peng
LATERAL ORGAN BOUNDARIES DOMAIN/ASYMMETRIC LEAVES2-LIKEs (LBDs/ASLs) are plant-specific transcription factors that function downstream of auxin-regulated lateral root (LR) formation. Our previous research found that PpLBD16 positively regulates peach (Prunus persica) LR formation. However, the downstream regulatory network and target genes of PpLBD16 are still largely unknown. Here, we constructed a PpLBD16 homologous overexpression line and a PpLBD16 silenced line. We found that overexpressing PpLBD16 promoted peach root initiation, while silencing PpLBD16 inhibited peach root formation...
January 13, 2024: Plant Physiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38159883/maternal-western-diet-programs-cardiometabolic-dysfunction-and-hypothalamic-inflammation-via-epigenetic-mechanisms-predominantly-in-the-male-offspring
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mona Elgazzaz, Clara Berdasco, Jone Garai, Melody Baddoo, Shiping Lu, Hisham Daoud, Jovanny Zabaleta, Franck Mauvais-Jarvis, Eric Lazartigues
OBJECTIVE: Maternal exposure during pregnancy is a strong determinant of offspring health outcomes. Such exposure induces changes in the offspring epigenome resulting in gene expression and functional changes. In this study, we investigated the effect of maternal Western hypercaloric diet (HCD) programming during the perinatal period and its effect on neuronal plasticity and cardiometabolic health in adult offspring. METHODS: C57BL/6J dams were fed HCD for 1 month prior to mating with regular diet (RD) sires and kept on the same diet throughout pregnancy and lactation...
December 28, 2023: Molecular Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38109021/reverse-transcription-loop-mediated-isothermal-amplification-rt-lamp-primer-design-based-on-indonesia-sars-cov-2-rna-sequence
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Irsyad Ibadurrahman, Suryani, Desriani
BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic has highlighted the importance of tracking cases by using various methods such as the Reverse transcription loop-mediated isothermal amplification (RT-LAMP) which is a fast, simple, inexpensive, and accurate mass tracker. However, there have been no reports about the development of RT-LAMP primer designs that use genome sequences of viruses from Indonesia. Therefore, this study aimed to design an RT-LAMP primer using SARS-CoV-2 genome sequences from Indonesia and several other countries representing five continents in the world, as well as genomes from five Variants of Concern (VOC)...
December 18, 2023: Journal, Genetic Engineering & Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38094251/expression-and-purification-of-recombinant-human-mitochondrial-rna-polymerase-polrmt-and-the-initiation-factors-tfam-and-tfb2m
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
An H Hsieh, Sean D Reardon, Jubilee H Munozvilla-Cabellon, Jiayu Shen, Smita S Patel, Tatiana V Mishanina
Human mitochondrial DNA (mtDNA) encodes several components of oxidative phosphorylation responsible for the bulk of cellular energy production. The mtDNA is transcribed by a dedicated human mitochondrial RNA polymerase (POLRMT) that is structurally distinct from its nuclear counterparts, instead closely resembling the single-subunit viral RNA polymerases (e.g., T7 RNA polymerase). The initiation of transcription by POLRMT is aided by two initiation factors: transcription factor A, mitochondrial (TFAM), and transcription factor B2, mitochondrial (TFB2M)...
December 5, 2023: Bio-protocol
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38051398/effective-interactions-and-phase-behavior-of-protein-solutions-in-the-presence-of-hexamine-cobalt-iii-chloride
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maximilian D Senft, Ralph Maier, Anusha Hiremath, Fajun Zhang, Frank Schreiber
It is well established that deoxyribonucleic acid (DNA) and ribonucleic acid (RNA) exhibit a reentrant condensation (RC) phase behavior in the presence of the trivalent hexamine cobalt(III) cations (Hac) which can be important for their packing and folding. A similar behavior can be observed for negatively charged globular proteins in the presence of trivalent metal cations, such as Y3+ or La3+ . This phase behavior is mainly driven by charge inversion upon an increasing salt concentration for a fixed protein concentration (cp )...
December 5, 2023: European Physical Journal. E, Soft Matter
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38017491/screening-of-key-genes-in-the-pathogenesis-of-muscle-atrophy-in-ckd-pew-children-based-on-rna-sequencing
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liang Ying, Jiang Yeping, Wang Hui, Zhou Nan, FuQian, Shen Ying
BACKGROUND: In children with CKD, Protein Energy Wasting (PEW) is common, which affects the outcome of children and is an important cause of poor prognosis. We are aiming to explore the pathogenesis of muscle wasting in CKD-PEW children. METHODS: Blood samples of 32 children diagnosed with chronic kidney disease (CKD) and protein energy wasting (PEW) in our hospital from January 2016 to June 2021 were collected. RNA sequencing and bioinformatics analysis were performed...
November 28, 2023: BMC Medical Genomics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37985384/characterization-of-expression-and-function-of-the-formins-fhod1-inf2-and-daam1-in-her2-positive-breast-cancer
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Minna Peippo, Maria Gardberg, Pauliina Kronqvist, Olli Carpén, Vanina D Heuser
PURPOSE: Human epidermal growth factor receptor 2 (HER2)-targeted therapies, such as trastuzumab, benefit patients with HER2-positive metastatic breast cancer; however, owing to traditional pathway activation or alternative signaling, resistance persists. Given the crucial role of the formin family in shaping the actin cytoskeleton during cancer progression, these proteins may function downstream of the HER2 signaling pathway. Our aim was to uncover the potential correlations between formins and HER2 expression using a combination of public databases, immunohistochemistry, and functional in vitro assays...
November 17, 2023: Journal of Breast Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37939667/identification-of-novel-variants-for-complicating-cardiac-disease-in-the-scrub-typhus-infection-using-whole-genome-sequencing
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ki-Woon Kang, Kyung-Won Hong, Seong-Kyu Lee
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Scrub typhus infection has been known to complicate cardiovascular diseases mainly attributing to high mortality. Genetic susceptibility loci for complicating cardiac diseases such as atrial fibrillation, heart failure, and ischemic heart disease identified by genomic study have been limited in scrub typhus infection. Therefore, we investigated the genetic novel variants predicting complicating cardiac diseases in patients with confirmed scrub typhus infection using whole genome sequencing...
November 2023: Korean Journal of Internal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37890369/plasma-metabolomic-profiling-of-patients-with-transient-ischemic-attack-reveals-positive-role-of-neutrophils-in-ischemic-tolerance
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rongrong Liu, Siwei Luo, Yu-Sheng Zhang, Chi Kwan Tsang
BACKGROUND: Transient ischemic attack (TIA) induces ischemic tolerance that can reduce the subsequent ischemic damage and improve prognosis of patients with stroke. However, the underlying mechanisms remain elusive. Recent advances in plasma metabolomics analysis have made it a powerful tool to investigate human pathophysiological phenotypes and mechanisms of diseases. In this study, we aimed to identify the bioactive metabolites from the plasma of patients with TIA for determination of their prophylactic and therapeutic effects on protection against cerebral ischemic stroke, and the mechanism of TIA-induced ischemic tolerance against subsequent stroke...
October 25, 2023: EBioMedicine
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