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BACKGROUND: Pancreatic adenocarcinoma (PC) is a highly lethal malignancy with a survival rate of only 12%. Surveillance is recommended for high-risk individuals (HRIs), but it is not widely adopted. To address this unmet clinical need and drive early diagnosis research, we established the Pancreatic Cancer Early Detection (PRECEDE) Consortium. METHODS: PRECEDE is a multi-institutional international collaboration that has undertaken an observational prospective cohort study...

DNP-prepared faculty report challenges and barriers to achieving success in academic roles when criteria for promotion includes scholarship. The purpose of this evidence-based initiative was to explore thoughtful scholarship standards for DNP-prepared faculty which can be adapted and transferred across academic institutions with the goal of elevating faculty scholarship. Given a paucity of available research evidence, a review and synthesis of non-research evidence was conducted. DNP scholarship standards from high-ranking intuitions were critically appraised, and this evidence, along with the diverse and collective expertise of the authors, was translated into recommendations for an inclusive model of rigor for DNP-prepared faculty scholarship...

BACKGROUND: Standard flow cytometry protocols for CD34+ cell enumeration designed for fresh samples are not appropriate for cryopreserved products. Special protocols have been developed to remove the cryoprotectant by quickly washing a freshly thawed sample. Exposing cells to a large volume of hypotonic solution and subsequent washing process was hypothesized to cause lab-induced cell death. Moreover, standard gating strategies must be altered to avoid reporting falsely high viabilities...

BACKGROUND: In the pragmatic open-label randomised controlled non-inferiority LADI trial we showed that increasing adalimumab (ADA) dose intervals was non-inferior to conventional dosing for persistent flares in patients with Crohn's disease (CD) in clinical and biochemical remission. AIMS: To develop a prediction model to identify patients who can successfully increase their ADA dose interval based on secondary analysis of trial data. METHODS: Patients in the intervention group of the LADI trial increased ADA intervals to 3 and then to 4 weeks...

BACKGROUND: Understanding current substance use practices is critical to reduce and prevent overdose deaths among individuals at increased risk including persons who use and inject drugs. Because individuals participating in harm reduction and syringe service programs are actively using drugs and vary in treatment participation, information on their current drug use and preferred drugs provides a unique window into the drug use ecology of communities that can inform future intervention services and treatment provision...

BACKGROUND: Trio exome sequencing can be used to investigate congenital abnormalities identified on pregnancy ultrasound, but its use in an Australian context has not been assessed. AIMS: Assess clinical outcomes and changes in management after expedited genomic testing in the prenatal period to guide the development of a model for widespread implementation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Forty-three prospective referrals for whole exome sequencing, including 40 trios (parents and pregnancy), two singletons and one duo were assessed in a tertiary hospital setting with access to a state-wide pathology laboratory...

The petrochemical industry can reduce its environmental impacts by moving from fossil resources to alternative carbon feedstocks. Biomass and plastic waste-based production pathways have recently been developed for benzene, toluene, and xylene (BTX). This study evaluates the environmental impacts of these novel BTX pathways at a commercial and future (2050) scale, combining traditional life cycle assessment with absolute environmental sustainability assessment using the planetary boundary concept. We show that plastic waste-based BTX has lower environmental impacts than fossil BTX, including a 12% decrease in greenhouse gas (GHG) emissions...

BACKGROUND: Mohs surgery of eyelid skin cancers requires detailed knowledge of anatomy for precise surgery and accurate evaluation of histology. OBJECTIVE: To review the histology of the peritarsal eyelid using frozen sections as encountered intraoperatively by Mohs surgeons. METHODS: The authors review the literature describing the anatomy and histology of the peritarsal eyelid from the lens of a Mohs surgeon. Histology from select Mohs cases is used to frame the discussion of the microanatomy of this region...

BACKGROUND: Computed tomography perfusion (CTP) imaging is regularly used to guide patient selection for mechanical thrombectomy (MT). However, the effect of MT in patients without salvageable tissue on CTP has not been investigated. The purpose of this study was to assess the effect of MT in patients with stroke without perfusion mismatch profiles. METHODS: This observational study analyzed patients with ischemic stroke consecutively treated between March 1, 2015, and January 31, 2022, triaged by multimodal-computed tomography undergoing MT...

Regulatory T cells (Tregs) residing in visceral adipose tissue (VAT) play a pivotal role in regulating tissue inflammation and metabolic dysfunction associated with obesity. However, the specific phenotypic and functional characteristics of Tregs in obese VAT, as well as the regulatory mechanisms shaping them, remain elusive. This study demonstrates that obesity selectively reduces Tregs in VAT, characterized by restrained proliferation, heightened PD-1 expression, and diminished ST2 expression. Additionally, obese VAT displays distinctive maturation of dendritic cells (DCs), marked by elevated expressions of MHC-II, CD86, and PD-L1, which are inversely correlated with VAT Tregs...

Infertility affects around 20% of couples of reproductive age; however, in some societies, as many as one-third of couples are unable to conceive. Different factors contribute to the decline of male fertility, such us environmental and professional exposure to endocrine disruptors, oxidative stress, and life habits with the risk of de novo epigenetics dysregulation. Since the fantastic development of new "omes and omics" technologies, the contribution of inherited or de novo genomes and epigenome disorders to male infertility have been further elucidated...

OBJECTIVES: Neurocognitive deficits in schizophrenia have a major impact on functioning; however, they remain poorly targeted by available treatment offerings. Cognitive remediation (CR) is effective in improving neurocognition and functioning. Despite clinical guidelines for schizophrenia recommending CR, it is still not readily available in clinical services and sizeable attrition rates are reported in clinical trials. METHOD: To elucidate the barriers and facilitators of CR access and engagement, we conducted a mixed methods qualitative-dominant study with 12 clinicians in Australia, in 2021, with 1 hr interviews and additional rating scales completed...

Dihydroorotate dehydrogenase (DHODH) is a mitochondrial enzyme that affects many aspects essential to cell proliferation and survival. Recently, DHODH has been identified as a potential target for acute myeloid leukemia therapy. Herein, we describe the identification of potent DHODH inhibitors through a scaffold hopping approach emanating from a fragment screen followed by structure-based drug design to further improve the overall profile and reveal an unexpected novel binding mode. Additionally, these compounds had low P-gp efflux ratios, allowing for applications where exposure to the brain would be required...

BACKGROUND: Due to the rarity of cerebral venous thrombosis (CVT), performing high-quality scientific research in this field is challenging. Providing answers to unresolved research questions will improve prevention, diagnosis, and treatment, and ultimately translate to a better outcome of patients with CVT. We present an international research agenda, in which the most important research questions in the field of CVT are prioritized. AIMS: This research agenda has three distinct goals: (1) To provide inspiration and focus to research on CVT for the coming years; (2) To reinforce international collaboration; and (3) To facilitate the acquisition of research funding...

BACKGROUND: Neurofibromatosis type 1 (NF1) is a rare genetic disorder with a wide range of clinical manifestations, notably neurocutaneous features, that can lead to emotional and physical consequences. OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the influence of sociodemographic factors and clinical features of the disease on the quality of life of Brazilian individuals with NF1. METHODS: This is a descriptive cross-sectional study. Data were collected from 101 individuals with NF1 using the Brazilian version of the Impact of NF1 on Quality of Life Questionnaire (INF1-QoL), a form with information on sociodemographic characteristics, and an NF1 visibility self-evaluation scale...

We describe the first species of Achilixiidae from Brazil with representatives of Bebaiotes. Eight new species of Bebaiotes Muir, 1924 were described viz. Bebaiotes amazonica sp. nov. (Amazonas, Par, Rondnia and Roraima); Bebaiotes bia sp. nov. (Acre); Bebaiotes dichromata sp. nov. (Amazonas); Bebaiotes macroptera sp. nov. (Amazonas and Amap Bebaiotes parallela sp. nov. (Amazonas); Bebaiotes pennyi sp. nov. (Amazonas and Maranho); Bebaiotes tigrina sp. nov. (Amazonas); Bebaiotes wilsoni sp. nov. (Amazonas)...

Latheticomyia Wheeler is recorded for the first time from Brazil, with records of Latheticomyia infumata Wheeler and Latheticomyia longiterebra Hennig. The male of L. infumata is described and the terminalia are illustrated. New records of Pseudopomyzella flava Hennig for the Brazilian Amazon are presented.

We report the case of a 24-year-old woman who was referred to one of the authors' clinics after six days of botulinum toxin type A injection to treat dynamic lines on her forehead, glabella complex, and crow's feet area. Her first esthetic injection was done by another colleague elsewhere in a different clinic. Her main complaint was full eyelid ptosis, which started four days after her treatment and continued to aggravate until the time she sought our help. We treated it with another dose of botulinum toxins...

Post-market medical device-associated failures and patient problems are reported in Medical Device Reports (MDRs) to the US Food and Drug Administration. Reports are accessible through Manufacturer and User Facility Device Experience (MAUDE), a database including both required and voluntary submissions. We present an overview of >10 million MDRs received from 2011 to 2021. Approximately 92% of reporting issues represent medical device physical or functional failures, categorized from 1704 codes related to medical device integrity or function...

BACKGROUND: Pancreatic ductal adenocarcinoma (PDAC) is a highly intratumorally heterogeneous disease that includes several subtypes and is highly plastic. Effective gene delivery to all PDAC cells is essential for modulating gene expression and identifying potential gene-based therapeutic targets in PDAC. Most current gene delivery systems for pancreatic cells are optimized for islet or acinar cells. Lentiviral vectors are the current main gene delivery vectors for PDAC, but their transduction efficiencies vary depending on pancreatic cell type, and are especially poor for the classical subtype of PDAC cells from both primary tumors and cell lines...