keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38403324/-mechanism-of-xinshubao-tablets-in-exerting-anti-inflammatory-vasodilation-and-cardioprotective-effects-based-on-network-pharmacology
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qing-Qing Cai, Yu Li, Ying Huang, Li-Fang Wang, Fang-Bo Zhang, Hong-Jun Yang
This study aims to explore the anti-inflammatory, vasodilation, and cardioprotective effects of the intestinal absorption liquids containing Xinshubao Tablets or single herbs, and to elucidate the potential mechanism based on network pharmacology. Western blot was then conducted to validate the expression changes of core proteins. Lipopolysaccharide(LPS)-stimulated RAW264.7 cells were used to observe the anti-inflammatory effect. The vasodilation activity was examined by the microvessel relaxation assay in vitro...
January 2024: Zhongguo Zhong Yao za Zhi, Zhongguo Zhongyao Zazhi, China Journal of Chinese Materia Medica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38398257/low-density-lipoprotein-cholesterol-lowering-drugs-a-narrative-review
#22
REVIEW
Nicola Ferri, Massimiliano Ruscica, Sergio Fazio, Alberto Corsini
The modern history of cholesterol-lowering drugs started in 1972 when Dr. Akira Endo identified an active compound (compactin) that inhibited cholesterol biosynthesis from the culture broth of blue-green mold ( Penicillium citrinum Pen-51). Since 1987, statins have represented the milestone for the treatment of atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease. A new therapy for the treatment of hypercholesterolemia since the discovery of statins is ezetimibe, the first and only agent inhibiting intestinal cholesterol absorption...
February 7, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38396866/enhancing-vitamin-d3-efficacy-insights-from-complexation-with-cyclodextrin-nanosponges-and-its-impact-on-gut-brain-axes-in-physiology-and-ibs-syndrome
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Francesca Uberti, Francesco Trotta, Roberta Cavalli, Rebecca Galla, Fabrizio Caldera, Sara Ferrari, Simone Mulè, Arianna Brovero, Claudio Molinari, Pasquale Pagliaro, Claudia Penna
Vitamin D3 (VitD3) plays a crucial role in various cellular functions through its receptor interaction. The biological activity of Vitamin D3 can vary based on its solubility and stability. Thus, the challenge lies in maximizing its biological effects through its complexation within cyclodextrin (βNS-CDI 1:4) nanosponges (NS) (defined as VitD3NS). Therefore, its activity has been evaluated on two different gut-brain axes (healthy gut/degenerative brain and inflammatory bowel syndrome gut/degenerative brain axis)...
February 11, 2024: International Journal of Molecular Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38396524/nutritional-and-antioxidative-benefits-of-dietary-macroalgae-supplementation-in-weaned-piglets
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anna Czech, Katarzyna Woś, Siemowit Muszyński, Ewa Tomaszewska
This study explores the effects of dietary brown macroalgae ( Ascophyllum nodosum ) inclusion on digestibility and blood biochemical indices and redox markers in piglets fed diets with varying levels (0%, 0.6% and 1%) of macroalgae from 18 to 64 days of age. Macroalgae significantly influenced lipid profiles, reducing total cholesterol levels (quadratic contrast p = 0.001) and demonstrating an increase in high-density lipoprotein cholesterol levels, particularly with 1% macroalgae inclusion (linear contrast p < 0...
February 7, 2024: Animals: An Open Access Journal From MDPI
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38388033/regulation-of-glycose-and-lipid-metabolism-and-application-based-on-the-colloidal-nutrition-science-properties-of-konjac-glucomannan-a-comprehensive-review
#25
REVIEW
Pengkui Xia, Ying Zheng, Li Sun, Wenxin Chen, Longchen Shang, Jing Li, Tao Hou, Bin Li
The physicochemical properties of dietary fiber in the gastrointestinal tract, such as hydration properties, adsorption properties, rheological properties, have an important influence on the physiological process of host digestion and absorption, leading to the differences in satiety and glucose and lipid metabolisms. Based on the diversified physicochemical properties of konjac glucomannan (KGM), it is meaningful to review the relationship of structural characteristics, physicochemical properties and glycose and lipid metabolism...
May 1, 2024: Carbohydrate Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38377674/parallel-metabolomics-and-lipidomics-of-a-psma-gcpii-deficient-mouse-model-reveal-alteration-of-naag-levels-and-brain-lipid-composition
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
František Sedlák, Aleš Kvasnička, Barbora Marešová, Radana Brumarová, Dana Dobešová, Kateřina Dostálová, Karolína Šrámková, Martin Pehr, Pavel Šácha, David Friedecký, Jan Konvalinka
Glutamate carboxypeptidase II (GCPII, also known as PSMA or FOLH1) is responsible for the cleavage of N -acetyl-aspartyl-glutamate (NAAG) to N -acetyl-aspartate and glutamate in the central nervous system and facilitates the intestinal absorption of folate by processing dietary folyl-poly-γ-glutamate in the small intestine. The physiological function of GCPII in other organs like kidneys is still not known. GCPII inhibitors are neuroprotective in various conditions (e.g., ischemic brain injury) in vivo ; however, their utilization as potential drug candidates has not been investigated in regard to not yet known GCPII activities...
February 20, 2024: ACS Chemical Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38375564/a-generic-pump-free-organ-on-a-chip-platform-for-assessment-of-intestinal-drug-absorption
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yaqiong Guo, Yingying Xie, Jianhua Qin
Organ-on-a-chip technology has shown great potential in disease modeling and drug evaluation. However, traditional organ-on-a-chip devices are mostly pump-dependent with low throughput, which makes it difficult to leverage their advantages. In this study, we have developed a generic, pump-free organ-on-a-chip platform consisting of a 32-unit chip and an adjustable rocker, facilitating high-throughput dynamic cell culture with straightforward operation. By utilizing the rocker to induce periodic fluid forces, we can achieve fluidic conditions similar to those obtained with traditional pump-based systems...
January 2024: Biotechnology Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38374121/integrated-meta-omics-reveals-the-regulatory-landscape-involved-in-lipid-metabolism-between-pig-breeds
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jiajie Sun, Fang Xie, Jing Wang, Junyi Luo, Ting Chen, Qingyan Jiang, Qianyun Xi, George E Liu, Yongliang Zhang
BACKGROUND: Domesticated pigs serve as an ideal animal model for biomedical research and also provide the majority of meat for human consumption in China. Porcine intramuscular fat content associates with human health and diseases and is essential in pork quality. The molecular mechanisms controlling lipid metabolism and intramuscular fat accretion across tissues in pigs, and how these changes in response to pig breeds, remain largely unknown. RESULTS: We surveyed the tissue-resident cell types of the porcine jejunum, colon, liver, and longissimus dorsi muscle between Lantang and Landrace breeds by single-cell RNA sequencing...
February 20, 2024: Microbiome
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38373599/aichivirus-a1-replicates-in-human-intestinal-epithelium-and-bronchial-tissue-lung-gut-axis
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martin Jungbauer-Groznica, Konstantin Wiese, Irmgard Fischer, Jan Markus, Tsung-Hsien Chang, Irene Gösler, Heinrich Kowalski, Dieter Blaas, Antonio Real-Hohn
The role of aichivirus A1 (AiV-A1) in acute gastroenteritis remains controversial and in vitro data illustrating its pathogenesis in suitable human models are scarce. Here, we demonstrate that AiV-A1 isolate A846/88 replicates in ApoA1- (absorptive) and Ki-67-positive (proliferative) enterocytes in stem cell-derived human small intestinal epithelium (HIE) as well as in patient biopsy samples, but not in any of the tested human cell lines. The infection did not result in tissue damage and did not trigger type I and type III interferon (IFN) signalling, whereas the control, human coxsackievirus B3 (strain Nancy), triggered both IFNs...
February 17, 2024: Virus Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367521/analysis-of-gut-microbiota-metabolites-of-platycodin-d-and-activity-verification
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Weichen Xu, Shasha Han, Wenying Wang, Zichen Luo, Xuan Wang, Chen Shi, Jinjun Shan
As the main saponin component of Platycodon grandiflorum A.DC, Platycodin D has been reported to have an anti-obesity effect. Due to poor oral absorption, the intestinal microflora usually transforms saponins into potential bioactive substances. In this study, we profiled the metabolic changes of platycodin D by incubating it with intestinal microflora extracted from mice feces subjected to either a standard control diet or a high-fat diet. A UPLC-LTQ-Orbitrap-MS method was used for rapid analysis of the metabolic profile of platycodin D...
February 7, 2024: Journal of Pharmaceutical and Biomedical Analysis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38367035/role-of-zinc-in-health-and-disease
#31
REVIEW
Lucy I Stiles, Kevin Ferrao, Kosha J Mehta
This review provides a concise overview of the cellular and clinical aspects of the role of zinc, an essential micronutrient, in human physiology and discusses zinc-related pathological states. Zinc cannot be stored in significant amounts, so regular dietary intake is essential. ZIP4 and/or ZnT5B transport dietary zinc ions from the duodenum into the enterocyte, ZnT1 transports zinc ions from the enterocyte into the circulation, and ZnT5B (bidirectional zinc transporter) facilitates endogenous zinc secretion into the intestinal lumen...
February 17, 2024: Clinical and Experimental Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38362962/research-progress-challenges-and-perspectives-of-phospholipids-metabolism-in-the-lxr%C3%A2-lpcat3-signaling-pathway-and-its-relation-to-nafld-review
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junmin Wang, Jiacheng Li, Yugang Fu, Yingying Zhu, Liubing Lin, Yong Li
Phospholipids (PLs) are principle constituents of biofilms, with their fatty acyl chain composition significantly impacting the biophysical properties of membranes, thereby influencing biological processes. Recent studies have elucidated that fatty acyl chains, under the enzymatic action of lyso‑phosphatidyl‑choline acyltransferases (LPCATs), expedite incorporation into the sn‑2 site of phosphatidyl‑choline (PC), profoundly affecting pathophysiology. Accumulating evidence suggests that alterations in LPCAT activity are implicated in various diseases, including non‑alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD), hepatitis C, atherosclerosis and cancer...
April 2024: International Journal of Molecular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38356017/effects-of-phytase-enzyme-supplementation-on-growth-performance-intestinal-morphology%C3%A2-and-metabolism-in-nile-tilapia-oreochromis-niloticus
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ahmed E Negm, Mohamed H Abo-Raya, Asmaa M Gabr, Samar H Baloza, Asmaa El-Nokrashy, Abdelbary Prince, Daniel Arana, Youji Wang, Shimaa Abdelazeem, Ghadeer M Albadrani, Muath Q Al-Ghadi, Ahmed Abdeen, Mustafa Shukry, Malik M El-Sayed Khalafallah
Phytase is crucial in enhancing the bioavailability and release of phosphorus and other nutrients bound to phytic acid, making them more bioavailable for animal absorption. This study was carried out to inspect the effect of supplementing low phosphorus (P) diet with di-calcium phosphate (DCP) and liquid phytase enzyme (LP), which contains 1500 FTU/kg, on growth performance, intestinal morphometry, proximate body chemical composition, blood profile, immunity status, liver mitochondrial enzyme activities, the expression response and economic returns of Nile tilapia (Oreochromis niloticus)...
February 14, 2024: Journal of Animal Physiology and Animal Nutrition
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38348948/complex-insoluble-dietary-fiber-alleviates-obesity-liver-steatosis-and-modulates-the-gut-microbiota-in-c57bl-6j-mice-fed-a-high-fat-diet
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zurui Liu, Juan Dai, Ruijia Liu, Ziyi Shen, Ai Huang, YuKun Huang, Lijun Wang, Pengfei Chen, Zheng Zhou, Hang Xiao, Xianggui Chen, Xiao Yang
BACKGROUND: Obesity has been demonstrated as a risk factor that seriously affects health. Insoluble dietary fiber, as a major component of dietary fiber (DF), has positive effects on obesity, inflammation and diabetes. RESULTS: In this study, complex insoluble DF (IDF) was prepared using 50% enoki mushroom IDF, 40% carrot IDF, and 10% oat IDF. The effects and potential mechanism of complex IDF on obesity were investigated in C57BL/6 mice fed a high-fat diet. The results showed that feeding diets containing 5% complex IDF for 8 weeks significantly reduced mouse body weight, epididymal lipid index, ectopic fat deposition, and improved mouse liver lipotoxicity (reduced serum levels of alanine aminotransferase, aspartate aminotransferase, and alkaline phosphatase), fatty liver, and short-chain fatty acid composition...
February 13, 2024: Journal of the Science of Food and Agriculture
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38329909/nanocrystal-loaded-lipid-carriers-for-improved-oral-absorption-and-anticancer-efficacy-of-etoposide-formulation-development-transport-mechanism-in-vitro-and-in-vivo-evaluation
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yue Wang, Ping Wang, Haiyan Li, Xiaoran Han, Haibin Zhu, Xiangqun Jin
To improve the oral absorption and anticancer efficacy of the BCS-IV drug etoposide (ETO), oral nanocrystal-loaded lipid carriers (Lipo@NCs) were developed in this study by modifying the BCS-IV drug nanocrystal with the lipid bilayer. The ETO-Lipo@NCs were prepared by the thin film hydration high-pressure homogenization method, and the core of positively charged ETO nanocrystals was prepared by the sonoprecipitation-high pressure homogenization method. The optimized ETO-Lipo@NCs were spherical particles with an average particle size of 220...
February 8, 2024: Molecular Pharmaceutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38327989/traditional-chinese-medicine-formula-dai-zong-fang-alleviating-hepatic-steatosis-in-db-db-mice-via-gut-microbiota-modulation
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Li-Wei Zhang, Li-Li Zhu, Xiao-Yun Zhu, Shou-Qiang Fu, Xi-Ming Liu
Introduction: Hepatic steatosis is a hepatic pathological change closely associated with metabolic disorders, commonly observed in various metabolic diseases such as metabolic syndrome (MetS), with a high global prevalence. Dai-Zong-Fang (DZF), a traditional Chinese herbal formula, is widely used in clinical treatment for MetS, exhibiting multifaceted effects in reducing obesity and regulating blood glucose and lipids. This study aims to explore the mechanism by which DZF modulates the gut microbiota and reduces hepatic steatosis based on the gut-liver axis...
2024: Frontiers in Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38321203/epithelial-zonation-along-the-mouse-and-human-small-intestine-defines-five-discrete-metabolic-domains
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rachel K Zwick, Petr Kasparek, Brisa Palikuqi, Sara Viragova, Laura Weichselbaum, Christopher S McGinnis, Kara L McKinley, Asoka Rathnayake, Dedeepya Vaka, Vinh Nguyen, Coralie Trentesaux, Efren Reyes, Alexander R Gupta, Zev J Gartner, Richard M Locksley, James M Gardner, Shalev Itzkovitz, Dario Boffelli, Ophir D Klein
A key aspect of nutrient absorption is the exquisite division of labour across the length of the small intestine, with individual nutrients taken up at different proximal:distal positions. For millennia, the small intestine was thought to comprise three segments with indefinite borders: the duodenum, jejunum and ileum. By examining the fine-scale longitudinal transcriptional patterns that span the mouse and human small intestine, we instead identified five domains of nutrient absorption that mount distinct responses to dietary changes, and three regional stem cell populations...
February 2024: Nature Cell Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38317864/a-polyphenol-rich-plant-extract-prevents-hypercholesterolemia-and-modulates-gut-microbiota-in-western-diet-fed-mice
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Cédric Langhi, Marie Vallier, Auriane Bron, Yolanda F Otero, Maheva Maura, Florian Le Joubioux, Niek Blomberg, Martin Giera, Bruno Guigas, Thierry Maugard, Benoit Chassaing, Sébastien Peltier, Stéphanie Blanquet-Diot, Jean-Marie Bard, Pascal Sirvent
INTRODUCTION: Totum-070 is a combination of five plant extracts enriched in polyphenols to target hypercholesterolemia, one of the main risk factors for cardiovascular diseases. The aim of this study was to investigate the effects of Totum-070 on cholesterol levels in an animal model of diet-induced hypercholesterolemia. METHODS: C57BL/6JOlaHsd male mice were fed a Western diet and received Totum-070, or not, by daily gavage (1g/kg and 3g/kg body weight) for 6 weeks...
2024: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38296174/research-on-the-mechanism-of-regulating-spleen-deficient-obesity-in-rats-by-bawei-guben-huashi-jiangzhi-decoction-based-on-multi-omics-analysis
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fei Yi, Wanchun Wang, Yuliu Yi, Zhenhui Wu, Rui Li, Yonggui Song, Hao Chen, Li Zhou, Yingzhou Tao
ETHNOPHARMACOLOGY RELEVANCE: Bawei Guben Huashi Jiangzhi Decoction (BGHJ), a traditional Chinese compound formula, comprises eight Chinese medicinal herbs: Codonopsis Radix, Atractylodis Macrocephalae Rhizoma, Cassiae Semen, Lysimachiae Herba, Edgeworthiae Gardner Flos, Oryzae Semen cum Monasco, Nelumbinis Folium, and Alismatis Rhizoma. It has the therapeutic effects of improving digestive and absorptive functions of the gastrointestinal tract, reducing cholesterol levels, and helping to lose weight...
January 30, 2024: Journal of Ethnopharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38284711/the-role-of-bile-acids-in-pancreatic-cancer
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yanling Wang, Haiyan Xu, Xiaofei Zhang, Jingyu Ma, Shengbai Xue, Daiyuan Shentu, Tiebo Mao, Shumin Li, Ming Yue, Jiujie Cui, Liwei Wang
Bile acids are well known to promote the digestion and absorption of fat, and at the same time, they play an important role in lipid and glucose metabolism. More studies have found that bile acids such as ursodeoxycholic acid also have anti-inflammatory and immune-regulating effects. Bile acids have been extensively studied in biliary and intestinal tumors but less in pancreatic cancer. Patients with pancreatic cancer, especially pancreatic head cancer, are often accompanied by biliary obstruction and elevated bile acids caused by tumors...
January 26, 2024: Current Cancer Drug Targets
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