Line Infection

Phytophthora root and stem rot of soybean (Glycine max), caused by the oomycete Phytophthora sojae, is an extremely destructive disease worldwide. In this study, we identified GmEIL1, which encodes an ethylene-insensitive3 (EIN3) transcription factor. GmEIL1 was significantly induced following P. sojae infection of soybean plants. Compared to wild-type soybean plants, transgenic soybean plants overexpressing GmEIL1 showed enhanced resistance to P. sojae and GmEIL1-silenced RNA-interference lines showed more severe symptoms when infected with P...

OBJECTIVE: Uterine corpus endometrial carcinoma (UCEC), a kind of gynecologic malignancy, poses a significant risk to women's health. The precise mechanism underlying the development of UCEC remains elusive. Zinc finger protein 554 (ZNF554), a member of the Krüppel-associated box domain zinc finger protein superfamily, was reported to be dysregulated in various illnesses, including malignant tumors. This study aimed to examine the involvement of ZNF554 in the development of UCEC...

Novel formulations of silver nanoparticles remain exciting if it is applicable for cosmetic purposes. This study proposes a value-added brand-new nanomaterial for improving skin complexion by inhibiting melanin development. This work aims to develop cost effective, efficient, natural silver nanoparticles phytomediated by aqueous extract of leaf sheath scales of Cocos nucifera (Cn-AgNPs) having potential as tyrosinase inhibitors hindering melanin synthesis. The formation of Cn-AgNPs was assessed spectrophotometrically and confirmed by the sharp SPR spectrum at 425 nm...

Neosartorya udagawae is a known cause of fungal infection in humans and animals. It is found to be more refractory to antifungal treatment in comparison to other Aspergillus species. With this report we present a case of proven invasive infection with Neosartorya udagawae in a child with chronic myeloid leukaemia after haematopoietic stem cell transplant. The patient received several lines of antifungal therapy including dual therapy appropriate to the antifungal susceptibility profile with progression of the invasive fungal disease requiring left lung upper lobe lobectomy...

Ebola virus (EBOV) is a high-consequence filovirus that gives rise to frequent epidemics with high case fatality rates and few therapeutic options. Here, we applied image-based screening of a genome-wide CRISPR library to systematically identify host cell regulators of Ebola virus infection in 39,085,093 million single cells. Measuring viral RNA and protein levels together with their localization in cells identified over 998 related host factors and provided detailed information about the role of each gene across the virus replication cycle...

BACKGROUND: Pediatric lung transplant patients are at risk for developing invasive fungal infections post-transplant. No consensus exists on optimal antifungal regimens and voriconazole, a common first-line agent, has been shown to cause hepatotoxicity. We describe a single-center experience utilizing a novel antifungal regimen of intravenous micafungin and nebulized amphotericin B immediately post-transplant with conversion to an azole at the time of hospital discharge and compare it to a historical cohort of patients who received voriconazole monotherapy throughout their immediate post-operative course...

BACKGROUND: In Haematology, prophylaxis for Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP) is recommended for patients undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplantation and in selected categories of intensive chemotherapy for hematological malignancies. Trimethoprim-sulfamethoxazole (TMP-SMX) is the recommended first-line agent, but its use is not straightforward. Inhaled pentamidine is the recommended second-line agent but aerosolized medications were discouraged during respiratory virus outbreaks, especially during the COVID-19 pandemic, in view of potential contamination risks...

Antibiotic resistance genes (ARGs) are a kind of emerging environmental contamination, and are commonly found in antibiotic application situations, attracting wide attention. Fish skin mucosal surface (SMS), as the contact interface between fish and water, is the first line of defense against external pollutant invasion. Antibiotics are widely used in aquaculture, and SMS may be exposed to antibiotics. However, what happens to SMS when antibiotics are applied, and whether ARGs are enriched in SMS are not clear...

We aimed to elucidate the mechanism underlying carcinogenesis by comparing normal and BRCA1/2-mutated ovarian epithelial cells established via Sendai virus-based immortalization. Ovarian epithelial cells (normal epithelium: Ovn; with germline BRCA1 mutation: OvBRCA1; with germline BRCA2 mutation: OvBRCA2) were infected with Sendai virus vectors carrying three immortalization genes (Bmi-1, hTERT, and SV40T). The immunoreactivity to anti-epithelial cellular adhesion molecule (EpCAM) antibodies in each cell line and cells after 25 passages was confirmed using flow cytometry...

Long-term pulmonary sequelae of Coronavirus 2019 (COVID-19) remain unclear. Thus, we aimed to establish post-COVID-19 temporal changes in chest computed tomography (CT) features of pulmonary fibrosis and to investigate associations with respiratory symptoms and physiological parameters at 3 and 12 months' follow-up. Adult patients who attended our initial COVID-19 follow-up service and developed chest CT features of interstitial lung disease, in addition to cases identified using British Society of Thoracic Imaging codes, were evaluated retrospectively...

INTRODUCTION: Whether pre-exposure prophylaxis (PrEP) with tixagevimab/cilgavimab 150mg/150 mg (T/C) in individuals with hematological diseases (HD) may lead to a reduced risk of Breakthrough SARS CoV2 infection/hospitalization or death in the Omicron era remains to be established. METHODS: Observational study including participants with HD who received PrEP. breakthrough infections were defined as a SARS-CoV-2 positivity by RT-PCR. The incidence of breakthrough infections (95%CI) and of breakthrough infections /hospitalization/death was calculated using the Kaplan-Meier method and as the number of breakthrough infections per 100-PYFU according to the circulating variant (VoC)...

Developing novel antimicrobial wound dressings that have the potential to address the challenges associated with chronic wounds is highly imperative in providing effective infection control and wound healing support. Biocompatible electrospun nanofibers with their high porosity and surface area enabling efficient drug loading and delivery have been investigated in this regard as viable candidates for chronic wound care. Here, we design Casein/Polyvinyl alcohol (CAN/PVA) nanofibers reinforced with silver nanoparticles (Ag NPs) by the electrospinning technique to develop diabetic wound healing scaffolds...

Nosocomial infections are a frequent and serious problem in extremely low birth weight (ELBW) infants. Donor human milk (DHM) is the best alternative for feeding these babies when mother's own milk (MOM) is not available. Recently, a patented prototype of a High-Temperature Short-Time (HTST) pasteurizer adapted to a human milk bank setting showed a lesser impact on immunologic components. We designed a multicentre randomized controlled trial that investigates whether, in ELBW infants with an insufficient MOM supply, the administration of HTST pasteurized DHM reduces the incidence of confirmed catheter-associated sepsis compared to DHM pasteurized with the Holder method...

Legume crops establish symbiosis with nitrogen-fixing rhizobia for biological nitrogen fixation (BNF), a process that provides a prominent natural nitrogen source in agroecosystems; and efficient nodulation and nitrogen fixation processes require a large amount of phosphorus (P). Here, a role of GmPAP4, a nodule-localized purple acid phosphatase, in BNF and seed yield was functionally characterized in whole transgenic soybean ( Glycine max ) plants under a P-limited condition. GmPAP4 was specifically expressed in the infection zones of soybean nodules and its expression was greatly induced in low P stress...

Few sclerophyllous plants from the central coast of Chile have been systematically studied. This work describes the phytochemical composition and antimicrobial properties of Baccharis concava Pers. (sin. B. macraei ), a shrub found in the first line and near the Pacific coast. B. concava has been traditionally used by indigenous inhabitants of today's central Chile for its medicinal properties. Few reports exist regarding the phytochemistry characterization and biological activities of B. concava . A hydroalcoholic extract of B...

There is a pressing need for efficacious therapies in the field of respiratory diseases and infections. Lipid nanocarriers, administered through aerosols, represent a promising tool for maximizing therapeutic concentration in targeted cells and minimizing systemic exposure. However, this approach requires the application of efficient and safe nanomaterials. Palmitoylethanolamide (PEA), an endocannabinoid-like endogenous lipid, plays a crucial role in providing protective mechanisms during inflammation, making it an interesting material for preparing inhalable lipid nanoparticles (LNPs)...

Over the years, several new medicinal substances have been introduced for the treatment of diseases caused by bacteria and parasites. Unfortunately, due to the production of numerous defense mechanisms by microorganisms and parasites, they still pose a serious threat to humanity around the world. Therefore, laboratories all over the world are still working on finding new, effective methods of pharmacotherapy. This research work aimed to synthesize new compounds derived from 3-trifluoromethylbenzoic acid hydrazide and to determine their biological activity...

BACKGROUND/AIMS: Rapid and accurate diagnostic tools are essential for the timely recognition of Helicobacter pylori ( H. pylori ) in clinical practice. The rapid urease test (RUT) is a comparatively accurate and time-saving method recommended as a first-line diagnostic test. The primary objective of conducting the RUT is to obtain rapid results, thus enabling the initiation of an eradication therapy based on clarithromycin resistance testing. This study aimed to assess the reaction time and accuracy of a new liquid-type RUT...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVE: The dynamic assessment of disease activity during the follow-up of patients with Crohn's disease (CD) remains a significant challenge. In this study, we aimed to identify the role of dynamic contrast-enhanced ultrasound (DCE-US) in the evaluation of activity of CD. METHODS: In the retrospective study, patients diagnosed with CD in our hospital were included. All the diagnoses were confirmed by clinical symptoms and ileocolonoscopical results...

A newly documented pathotype 5 of the soil-borne fungus Sporisorium reilianum , causing head smut in sorghum, was tested against 153 unexplored Senegalese sorghum accessions. Among the 153 sorghum accessions tested, 63 (41%) exhibited complete resistance, showing no signs of infection by the fungus. The remaining 90 accessions (59%) displayed varying degrees of susceptibility. Sorghum responses against S. reilianum were explored to analyze the potential link with previously known seed morphology-related traits and new phenotype data from 59 lines for seed weight...