keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38002864/pediatric-hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar-syndrome-a-comprehensive-approach-to-diagnosis-management-and-complications-utilizing-novel-summarizing-acronyms
#21
REVIEW
Naser Amin Zahran, Shaheen Jadidi
This paper focuses on hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS), a unique hyperglycemic state requiring divergent diagnosis and treatment approaches from diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) despite some shared characteristics. We introduce the mnemonic DI-FF-ER-EN-CE-S to encapsulate unique HHS management and complications. 'DI' emphasizes the need to delay and decrease initial insulin therapy until serum glucose decline is managed by fluid resuscitation alone. 'FF' stresses the importance of double fluid replacement compared to DKA due to severe dehydration and 'ER' electrolyte replacement due to profound losses and imbalances...
October 31, 2023: Children
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37969160/adolescent-with-diabetic-ketoacidosis-hypothermia-and-pneumomediastinum
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Steven Millner, Courtney Devlin
AUDIENCE: The target audience of this simulation is emergency medicine residents and medical students. The simulation is based on a real case of a 12-year-old male who presented obtunded with shortness of breath and hypothermia who was ultimately diagnosed with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) and pneumomediastinum. This case highlights the diagnosis and management of an adolescent with new onset diabetic ketoacidosis and pneumomediastinum with deterioration of status, as well as important ventilator settings if intubation is required in the setting of diabetic ketoacidosis...
October 2023: Journal of education & teaching in emergency medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37919530/experience-with-sglt2-inhibitors-in-patients-with-single-ventricle-congenital-heart-disease-and-fontan-circulatory-failure
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anusha Konduri, Caroline West, Ray Lowery, Tiffany Hunter, Audrey Jarosz, Sunkyung Yu, Heang M Lim, Amanda D McCormick, Kurt R Schumacher, David M Peng
Heart failure is the leading cause of morbidity and mortality in patients with Fontan circulation. Sodium-glucose-cotransporter 2 inhibitors (SGLT2i) have become a mainstay of heart failure therapy in adult patients, however, there remains a paucity of literature to describe its use in pediatric heart failure patients, especially those with single ventricle physiology. We describe our early experience using SGLT2i in patients with single ventricle congenital heart disease surgically palliated to the Fontan circulation...
November 2, 2023: Pediatric Cardiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37873990/-not-available
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kirstine Thaarup Matthesen, Jesper Thaarup, Søren Hagstrøm, Ann-Margrethe Rønholt Christensen, Astrid Thaarup Matthesen
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in children with severe hypertriglyceridaemia (S-HTG) is infrequent. This case report presents a seven-year-old girl without a family history of dyslipidaemia with moderate DKA, lipaemic plasma, retinal lipaemia, and P-triglyceride 185 mmol/l. The course was uneventful on standard treatment and lipids normalized. She had abdominal pain but no biochemical or ultrasound evidence of pancreatitis. S-HTG affected laboratory analysis; CO2 could not be analyzed, and there was haemolysis and uncertain electrolyte results with P-Na+ 125 mmol/l, i...
September 25, 2023: Ugeskrift for Laeger
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37872901/lipemic-serum-in-a-child-with-new-onset-type-1-diabetes-mellitus-presenting-with-diabetic-ketoacidosis-a-case-report
#25
Christina Hansa, Vimalraj Vijayakumar, Balaji Chinnasami, Subash Sundar
Diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) was observed in a 12-year-old female child recently diagnosed with type 1 diabetes mellitus. A rise in triglyceride (TG) levels accompanied this. High TG levels were suspected due to the lipemic appearance of the serum. Acute pancreatitis and lipemia retinalis are potential complications for hypertriglyceridemia patients. Treating the DKA and insulin deficiency reverted the TG levels to normal without using lipid-lowering agents.
September 2023: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37798896/new-onset-type-1-diabetes-mellitus-in-the-paediatric-emergency-department-impact-of-the-covid-19-pandemic
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Raquel García Romero, Laia Baleta Riera, Nuria Sanz Marcos, Vanessa Arias Constanti, Victoria Trenchs Sainz de la Maza, Carles Luaces
PURPOSE: On the 14th of March 2020, the Spanish government decreed a state of alarm due to the coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, directly affecting healthcare. This situation led to delayed diagnosis of several serious diseases, and its impact on many diseases such as the onset of type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) remains unknown. The aim of this study is to determine the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the onset of T1DM in children. METHODS: A descriptive-observational study was performed using data from children younger than 18 years (n=115) admitted with diagnosis of T1DM...
September 2023: Annals of Pediatric Endocrinology & Metabolism
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37793788/understanding-the-association-between-covid-19-and-new-onset-diabetes-in-children-including-diabetic-ketoacidosis-dka
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marion Waite, Katie Hards
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
October 4, 2023: Evidence-based Nursing
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37733096/the-effect-of-dehydration-hyperchloremia-and-volume-of-fluid-resuscitation-on-acute-kidney-injury-in-children-admitted-to-hospital-with-diabetic-ketoacidosis
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rebecca E Hay, Simon J Parsons, Andrew W Wade
BACKGROUND: Acute kidney injury (AKI) is a recognized comorbidity in pediatric diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA), although the exact etiology is unclear. The unique physiology of DKA makes dehydration assessments challenging, and these patients potentially receive excessive amounts of intravenous fluids (IVF). We hypothesized that dehydration is over-estimated in pediatric DKA, leading to over-administration of IVF and hyperchloremia that worsens AKI. METHODS: Retrospective cohort of all DKA inpatients at a tertiary pediatric hospital from 2014 to 2019...
September 21, 2023: Pediatric Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37724489/error-traps-in-the-perioperative-management-of-children-with-type-1-diabetes
#29
REVIEW
M Hoagland, B Duggar, J Hamrick, G Todd Alonso, L Martin
Patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1D) require insulin administration at all times to maintain euglycemia and metabolic stability. Insulin administration in the perioperative period is complicated by fasting requirements and perioperative stressors that can change the patient's insulin needs. In addition, many anesthesia providers are not familiar with insulin dosing strategies and technology, such as insulin pumps and continuous glucose monitors (CGMs), that are commonly used by patients with T1D. Errors in perioperative insulin administration can lead to hypoglycemia, hyperglycemia, and diabetic ketoacidosis...
January 2024: Paediatric Anaesthesia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37719988/incidence-and-predictors-of-mortality-in-children-with-diabetic-ketoacidosis-in-the-comprehensive-specialized-referral-hospitals-of-west-amhara-region-northwest-ethiopia-a-retrospective-follow-up-study
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rahel Asres Shimelash, Getaneh Mulualem Belay, Worknesh Aknaw, Aster Tadesse Shibabaw, Aderajew Agmas Adebabay, Gezahagn Demsu Gedefaw, Tadele Derbew Kassie, Alemu Birara Zemariam
BACKGROUND: Diabetic ketoacidosis is one of the major life-threatening conditions associated with acute metabolic complications. It remains a major public health problem in developing countries such as Ethiopia. OBJECTIVE: To assess the incidence and prediction of mortality in children with diabetic ketoacidosis in West Amhara Region Comprehensive Specialized Referral Hospitals, Northwest Ethiopia, in 2022. METHODS: An institution-based retrospective follow-up study was conducted among 423 study participants with a confirmed diagnosis of diabetic ketoacidosis from 01/01/2017 to 31/12/2021...
2023: Front Clin Diabetes Healthc
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37691882/pediatric-diabetes-and-diabetic-ketoacidosis-after-covid-19-challenges-faced-and-lessons-learnt
#31
REVIEW
Ashish Agarwal, Deepankar Bansal, Karthi Nallasamy, Muralidharan Jayashree, Vijai William
The coronavirus disease (COVID-19) pandemic affected the management and follow-up of several chronic ailments, including pediatric type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM). Restricted access to healthcare and fear of contracting the virus during medical facility visits resulted in poor compliance, irregular follow-up visits, treatment, and delayed diagnosis of complications in pediatric diabetes such as diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA). As such, the incidence of complicated DKA in resource-limited settings is high due to delayed presentation, poor compliance with therapy, and associated comorbidities such as malnutrition and sepsis...
2023: Pediatric Health, Medicine and Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37673098/anxiety-and-risk-perception-in-parents-of-children-identified-by-population-screening-as-high-risk-for-type-1-diabetes
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Holly K O'Donnell, Cristy Geno Rasmussen, Fran Dong, Kimber M Simmons, Andrea K Steck, Brigitte I Frohnert, Kimberly Bautista, Marian J Rewers, Judith Baxter
OBJECTIVE: To assess anxiety and risk perception among parents whose children screened positive for islet autoantibodies, indicating elevated risk for type 1 diabetes (T1D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: The Autoimmunity Screening for Kids (ASK) study identified 319 children age 1 to 17 years at risk for T1D via screening for islet autoantibodies; 280 children with confirmed islet autoantibodies and their caregivers enrolled in a follow-up education and monitoring program to prevent diabetic ketoacidosis at diagnosis...
September 6, 2023: Diabetes Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37670030/cognitive-disengagement-syndrome-in-children-with-type-1-diabetes-important-implications-for-clinical-outcomes
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ayla Uzun Cicek, Nurullah Celik
AIMS: Children with type 1 diabetes (T1D) are prone to a variety of psychiatric disorders, however, to date, no study has examined cognitive disengagement syndrome (CDS) in children with T1D. The present study aimed to evaluate the frequency of CDS symptoms in children with T1D and whether it is related to glycemic control. METHODS: This cross-sectional study included 74 children with T1D and 88 healthy (control) children, aged 8-14 years. All children were evaluated through a semi-structured psychiatric interview, the Kent-EGY test, porteus maze test, stroop test TBAG form, Barkley child attention scale, and Conners' parent rating scale-revised-short form...
September 6, 2023: Acta Diabetologica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37652152/reasons-for-hospitalisation-in-youth-with-type-1-diabetes-2010-2019
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dunya Tomic, Maria E Craig, Dianna J Magliano, Jonathan E Shaw
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
August 31, 2023: Diabetic Medicine: a Journal of the British Diabetic Association
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37642637/diagnosis-and-acute-management-of-hyperglycemic-hyperosmolar-syndrome-in-children-and-adolescents
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Brandon Kappy, Christina Lindgren
Hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome (HHS) is an indolent process characterized by significantly increased levels of serum glucose, high osmolality, and electrolyte abnormalities. The incidence of HHS has steadily risen in the pediatric population over the past several years. Patients with HHS often present with profound dehydration, fatigue, and early mental status changes. Primary emergency management of HHS involves fluid replacement, hemodynamic support, correcting electrolyte derangements, and addressing complications and underlying illnesses...
September 1, 2023: Pediatric Emergency Care
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37619435/epidemiology-and-outcomes-of-cerebral-edema-in-hospitalized-children
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Leanna Laor, Prithvi Sendi, Paul Martinez, Balagangadhar R Totapally
BACKGROUND: Cerebral edema can be a consequence of multiple disease processes. Untreated cerebral edema can be fatal, and even with aggressive management, it can be devastating. The objective of this study was to describe the prevalence, underlying causes, and outcomes of cerebral edema in hospitalized children. METHODS: A retrospective cross-sectional study using the 2016 Kids' Inpatient Database was performed. Children aged one month to 20 years were included...
October 2023: Pediatric Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37614411/risk-factors-for-hyperosmolar-hyperglycemic-state-in-pediatric-type-2-diabetes
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Estelle M Everett, Timothy Copeland, Lauren E Wisk, Lily C Chao
BACKGROUND: There is a paucity of data on the risk factors for the hyperosmolar hyperglycemic state (HHS) compared with diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) in pediatric type 2 diabetes (T2D). METHODS: We used the national Kids' Inpatient Database to identify pediatric admissions for DKA and HHS among those with T2D in the years 2006, 2009, 2012, and 2019. Admissions were identified using ICD codes. Those aged <9yo were excluded. We used descriptive statistics to summarize baseline characteristics and Chi-squared test and logistic regression to evaluate factors associated with admission for HHS compared with DKA in unadjusted and adjusted models...
2023: Pediatric Diabetes
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37584686/eu-or-hypoglycemic-ketosis-and-ketoacidosis-in-children-a-review
#38
REVIEW
Martina Meoli, Sebastiano A G Lava, Gabriel Bronz, Barbara Goeggel-Simonetti, Giacomo D Simonetti, Ilaria Alberti, Carlo Agostoni, Mario G Bianchetti, Martin Scoglio, Stefano A Vismara, Gregorio P Milani
The last decade has been characterized by exciting findings on eu- or hypoglycemic ketosis and ketoacidosis. This review emphasizes the following five key points: 1. Since the traditional nitroprusside-glycine dipstick test for urinary ketones is often falsely negative, the blood determination of β-hydroxybutyrate, the predominant ketone body, is currently advised for a comprehensive assessment of ketone body status; 2. Fasting and infections predispose to relevant ketosis and ketoacidosis especially in newborns, infants, children 7 years or less of age, and pregnant, parturient, or lactating women; 3...
August 16, 2023: Pediatric Nephrology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37553930/precipitating-factors-and-outcome-of-diabetic-ketoacidosis-among-children-and-adolescents-with-type-1-diabetes-mellitus
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karishma Rahak, Mohsina Noor Ibrahim, Shazia Mahar, Prynka Devi, Noshaba Noor, Zubair Ahmed Khoso
OBJECTIVE: To determine the precipitating factors and outcomes of diabetic ketoacidosis (DKA) among patients with type 1 diabetes mellitus. STUDY DESIGN: An analytical study. Place and Duration of the Study: Department of Paediatrics, National Institute of Child Health, Karachi, Pakistan, from July to December 2022. METHODOLOGY: Children of either gender aged up to 18 years and presenting with DKA with a known diagnosis of type-1 diabetes were enrolled...
August 2023: Journal of the College of Physicians and Surgeons—Pakistan: JCPSP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37539478/association-between-covid-19-and-severity-of-illness-for-children-with-hyperglycemic-crisis
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vanessa Toomey, Margret J Klein, Alaina P Vidmar, Lily C Chao, Jose Pineda, Anoopindar Bhalla
OBJECTIVES: Admissions to the ICU for children with hyperglycemic crisis (HGC, defined as diabetic ketoacidosis, hyperglycemic hyperosmolar syndrome, or hyperosmolar ketoacidosis) increased during the COVID-19 pandemic. We sought to identify if severity of illness for HGC also increased from prepandemic to pandemic years 1 and 2. METHODS: Retrospective study of children aged ≤18 years hospitalized in the Pediatric Health Information System for HGC. Pre-COVID-19 years were defined as March 2017-February 2020, COVID-19 year 1 as March 2020-February 2021, and COVID-19 year 2 as March 2021-February 2022...
August 4, 2023: Hospital Pediatrics
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