Super bug

Natural products play vital roles against infectious diseases since ancient times and most drugs in use today are derived from natural sources. Worldwide, multi-drug resistance becomes a massive threat to the society with increasing mortality. Hence, it is very crucial to identify alternate strategies to control these 'super bugs'. Pseudomonas aeruginosa is an opportunistic pathogen reported to be resistant to a large number of critically important antibiotics. Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell-cell communication mechanism, regulates the biofilm formation and virulence factors that endow pathogenesis in various bacteria including P...

Medicine faces crisis with emerging "super bugs," lethal viruses (Ebola), and stealth pathogens such as tick-borne infections. Thousands are dying worldwide of once easily treatable diseases. Ozone therapy, extensively studied, may be a valuable adjunctive or stand-alone therapy. Ebola again ravages Africa with over 2000 already dead, carrying a 65% mortality rate. The world desperately needs safe, inexpensive and effective anti-infective therapy to which microbes will not develop resistance. Oxidation therapies have shown an extremely high safety profile, lacking credible reports of significant injury beyond vein irritation...

Biomaterials-centered infection or implant-associated infection plays critical roles in all areas of medicine with implantable devices. The widespread over use of antibiotics has caused severe bacterial resistance and even super bugs. Therefore, the development of anti-infection implantable devices with non-antibiotic-based new antimicrobial agents is indeed a priority for all of us. In this study, antimicrobial composite meshes were fabricated with broad-spectrum antimicrobial peptides (AMPs). Macroporous polypropylene meshes with poly-caprolactone electrospun nanosheets were utilized as a substrate to load AMPs and gellan gum presented as a media to gel with AMPs...

Emergence of multi-drug resistant bacterial pathogens is escalating and it is essential to develop novel strategies to combat these super bugs. LasR is a regulator switch that plays a vital role in quorum sensing (QS) and pathogenesis of Pseudomonas aeruginosa. The present study reports two novel Mannich base (1-(phenyl (o-tolylamino) methyl) urea and 3-((1H-Imidazole-1-yl) methylnaphthalene-2-ol with enhanced anti-QS and antibiofilm activities. Synthetic compound revealed prolific interaction patterns with LasR quorum sensing receptor and showed to exhibit LasR antagonistic activities in P...

A 61 year male, admitted in Combined Military Hospital Rawlpindi on 12th March 2017, operated for diverticulitis became colonized with Staphylococcus haemolyticus. Patient suffered repeated septic episodes caused by the same organism during his stay in hospital. The strain was identified as methicillin resistant Staphylococcus haemolyticus (MRSH) also resistant to Linezolid by analytical profile index for Staphylococcus (API Staph) and VITEK 2 Gram positive cocci panel. The isolate was cultured from blood cultures, Central Venous Catheter (CVC) tip and skin swabs...

Quantum multiparameter estimation involves estimating multiple parameters simultaneously and can be more precise than estimating them individually. Our interest here is to determine fundamental quantum limits to the achievable multiparameter estimation precision in the presence of noise. We first present a lower bound to the estimation error covariance for a noisy initial probe state evolving through a noiseless quantum channel. We then present a lower bound to the estimation error covariance in the most general form for a noisy initial probe state evolving through a noisy quantum channel...

BACKGROUND: Antimicrobial resistance and the rise of 'super bugs' has become a major threat to public health worldwide, with authorities warning of an 'apocalyptic future' unless addressed as a matter of urgency. Mass circulation media has traditionally taken an active role in informing the public of important public health issues and the measures needed to address these. The key objective of the larger project informing this article was to describe Australian media representations of the AMR crisis and its role in informing the public about the AMR crisis...

Omphalitis or yolk sac infection (YSI) and colibacillosis are the most common infectious diseases that lead to high rates of early chick mortalities (ECMs) in young chicks. Out of numerous microbial causes, avian pathogenic Escherichia coli (APEC) or extraintestinal pathogenic E. coli infections are considered the most common cause of these conditions. YSI causes deterioration and decomposition of yolk, leading to deficiency of necessary nutrients and maternal antibodies, retarded growth, poor carcass quality, and increased susceptibility to other infections, including omphalitis, colibacillosis, and respiratory tract infection...

The rise of bacterial multi drug resistance becomes a global threat to the mankind. Therefore it is essential to find out alternate strategies to fight against these "super bugs." Quorum sensing (QS) is a cell-to-cell communication mechanism by which many bacteria regulate their biofilm and virulence factors expression to execute their pathogenesis. Hence, interfering the quorum sensing is an effective alternate strategy against various pathogens. In this study, we aimed to find out potential CviR-mediated quorum sensing inhibitors (QSIs) against Chromobacterium violaceum ...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

There is a growing public health interest in controlling sexually transmitted infections (STIs) through vaccination due to increasing recognition of the global disease burden of STIs and the role of STIs in women's reproductive health, adverse pregnancy outcomes, and the health and well-being of neonates. Neisseria gonorrhoeae has historically challenged vaccine development through the expression of phase and antigenically variable surface molecules and its capacity to cause repeated infections without inducing protective immunity...

Aerobactin, a citryl-hydroxamate siderophore, is produced by a number of pathogenic Gram-negative bacteria to aid in iron assimilation. Interest in this well-known siderophore was reignited by recent investigations suggesting that it plays a key role in mediating the enhanced virulence of a hypervirulent pathotype of Klebsiella pneumoniae (hvKP). In contrast to classical opportunistic strains of K. pneumoniae , hvKP causes serious life-threatening infections in previously healthy individuals in the community...

OBJECTIVES: Multidrug-resistant (MDR) superbugs, including Acinetobacter baumannii and methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA), are a challenge for healthcare professionals. In this study, the synergistic activity of vitamins with antibiotics against resistant bacterial strains was evaluated. METHODS: Synergistic effects between antibiotics and stock solutions of vitamins were evaluated by the Kirby-Bauer disk diffusion assay. Distilled water and propylene glycol were used as solvent for water-soluble and fat-soluble vitamins, respectively...

BACKGROUND: Recognized as a resistance mechanism responsible for the emergence and prevalence of antimicrobial resistance, integron is widely distributed and spread among clinical microorganisms and play a key role in the dissemination of such antimicrobial resistance, which may eventually contribute to the unleashing of "Super Bugs" In this study, detection assays based on loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP) methodologies targeting on class 1 to class 3 integrase genes was developed and evaluated...

Gram-positive microorganisms are one of leading pathogenic microorganisms in public health, including several typical "Super Bugs" as methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus, Klebsiella pneumoniae carbapenemase and vancomycin-resistant enterococci, which caused a increasement of infections, clinical failures and expenses. Regarded as a common genetic element responsible for horizontal gene transfer, integrons are widely distributed in various pathogens considered as a determinant in the acquisition and evolution of antibiotic resistance...

The current time increase in the prevalence of antibiotic resistant 'super-bugs' and the risks associated with food safety have become global issues. Therefore, further research is warranted to identify new and effective antimicrobial substances. Silver nanoparticles (Ag-NPs) were synthesized by autoclaving technique using, different concentrations of Ag salt (AgNO3) solution (1, 5, 10, and 25 mM). Their presence was confirmed by a surface plasmon resonance band at ∼435 nm using UV-Vis absorption spectra...

Many bacterial pathogens are exhibiting resistance to increasing numbers of antibiotics making it much more challenging to treat the infections caused by these microbes. In many reports in the media and perhaps even in discussions among physicians and biomedical scientists, these bacteria are frequently referred to as "bugs" with the prefix "super" appended. This terminology has a high potential to elicit unjustified inferences and fails to highlight the broader evolutionary context. Understanding the full range of biological and evolutionary factors that influence the spread and outcomes of infections is critical to formulating effective individual therapies and public health interventions...

BACKGROUND: In Latin America, the bloodsucking bugs Triatominae are vectors of Trypanosoma cruzi, the parasite that causes Chagas disease. Chemical elimination programs have been launched to control Chagas disease vectors. However, the disease persists because native vectors from sylvatic habitats are able to (re)colonize houses-a process called domiciliation. Triatoma brasiliensis is one example. Because the chemosensory system allows insects to interact with their environment and plays a key role in insect adaption, we conducted a descriptive and comparative study of the chemosensory transcriptome of T...

Polymyxin acts as an ultimate line of refuge against the severe infections by multidrug-resistant Gram-negative pathogens. This conventional idea is challenged dramatically by the recent discovery of mobile colistin resistance gene (mcr-1) is prevalent in food animals and human beings worldwide. More importantly, the mcr-1 gene was found to be co-localized with other antibiotic resistance genes, raising the possibility that super-bugs with pan-drug resistance are emerging. However, little is reported on the genomes of the mcr-1-positive bacterial host reservoirs...

As recently indiscriminate abuse of existing antibiotics in both clinical and veterinary treatment leads to proliferation of antibiotic resistance in microbes and poses a dilemma for the future treatment of such bacterial infection, antimicrobial resistance has been considered to be one of the currently leading concerns in global public health, and reported to widely spread and extended to a large variety of microorganisms. In China, as one of the currently worst areas for antibiotics abuse, the annual prescription of antibiotics, including both clinical and veterinary treatment, has approaching 140 gram per person and been roughly estimated to be 10 times higher than that in the United Kingdom, which is considered to be a potential area for the emergence of "Super Bugs"...