nonfasting

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BACKGROUND: Asthma and other atopic disorders can present with varying clinical phenotypes marked by differential metabolomic manifestations and enriched biological pathways. OBJECTIVE: We sought to identify these unique metabolomic profiles in atopy and asthma. METHODS: We analyzed baseline nonfasted plasma samples from a large multisite pediatric population of 470 children aged <13 years from 3 different sites in the United States and France...

BACKGROUND: Serum zinc concentration (SZC) is considered the best biomarker of zinc status in population-level evaluations. However, zinc deficiency (ZD) estimations can be biased if they do not consider blood collection timing, inflammation, and fasting status. OBJECTIVE: To determine SZC without and with adjustment for inflammation, according to blood collection timing and fasting status, estimate ZD prevalence, and evaluate the associated factors with ZD in a representative sample of Brazilian children under 5...

CONTEXT: Different intermittent fasting (IF) protocols have been proven to be efficient in improving cardiometabolic markers, but further research is needed to examine whether or not combining IF regimens plus physical exercise is superior to control diets (ie, nonfasting eating) plus physical exercise in this setting. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to determine whether or not combining IF plus exercise interventions is more favorable than a control diet plus exercise for improving cardiometabolic health outcomes...

OBJECTIVE: Symptomatic hypogonadism discourages men from stopping anabolic-androgenic steroids (AAS). Some men illicitly take drugs temporarily stimulating endogenous testosterone following AAS cessation (post-cycle therapy; PCT) to lessen hypogonadal symptoms. We investigated whether prior PCT use was associated with the normalization of reproductive hormones following AAS cessation. METHODS: Retrospective analysis of 641 men attending a clinic between 2015-2022 for a single, nonfasting, random blood test <36 months following AAS cessation, with or without PCT...

OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate the pharmacokinetics and safety profile of MT218, a peptide-targeted gadolinium-based contrast agent, in healthy males. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This was a double-blind, randomized, placebo-controlled, single-ascending-dose study including 30 healthy male subjects. In each dose group (0.01, 0.02, 0.04, and 0.08 mmol/kg), 4 subjects received MT218 and 2 subjects received placebo (saline) in bolus injections. The highest dose group (0...

Introduction: There is a variation in drug response among patients who practice intermittent fasting. Alteration in the expression of drug-metabolizing enzymes (DMEs) can affect the pharmacokinetics and drug response. Aims: This research aimed to determine the effect of intermittent fasting on the mRNA expression of major drug-metabolizing cyp450s in the liver of diabetic mice. Methods: Thirty-two male Balb/c mice were divided into four groups; control, nonfasting diabetic, non-diabetic fasting, and diabetic fasting mice...

The importance of sexual dimorphism has been highlighted in recent years since the National Institutes of Health's mandate on considering sex as a biological variable. Although recent studies have taken strides to study both sexes side by side, investigations into the normal physiological differences between males and females are limited. In this study, we aimed to characterized sex-dependent differences in glucose metabolism and pancreatic β-cell physiology in normal conditions using C57BL/6J mice, the most common mouse strain used in metabolic studies...

Prenatal exposure to single chemicals belonging to the per- and polyfluoroalkyl substances (PFAS) family is associated with biological perturbations in the mother, fetus, and placenta, plus adverse health outcomes. Despite our knowledge that humans are exposed to multiple PFAS, the potential joint effects of PFAS on the metabolome remain largely unknown. Here, we leveraged high-resolution metabolomics to identify metabolites and metabolic pathways perturbed by exposure to a PFAS mixture during pregnancy. Targeted assessment of perfluorooctanoic acid (PFOA), perfluorononanoic acid (PFNA), perfluorooctanesulfonic acid (PFOS), and perfluorohexanesulfonic acid (PFHxS), along with untargeted metabolomics profiling, were conducted on nonfasting serum samples collected from pregnant African Americans at 6-17 weeks gestation...

AIMS/HYPOTHESIS: Recovering functional beta cell mass is a promising approach for future diabetes therapies. The aim of the present study is to investigate the effects of adjudin, a small molecule identified in a beta cell screen using zebrafish, on pancreatic beta cells and diabetes conditions in mice and human spheroids. METHODS: In zebrafish, insulin expression was examined by bioluminescence and quantitative real-time PCR (qPCR), glucose levels were examined by direct measurements and distribution using a fluorescent glucose analogue, and calcium activity in beta cells was analysed by in vivo live imaging...

Chlorophyll and chlorophyllin (CHL) demonstrated antidiabetic activity by inhibiting gluconeogenesis and increasing glucose uptake in rats' muscle cells. Liang leaves contain high amounts of chlorophyll and chlorophyllin and may provide an antidiabetic effect. The antidiabetic activity of chlorophyll and CHL contained in Liang leaves, Cu-chlorophyllin (CCL) Liang leaves treated with CuSO4 , and untreated crude Liang leaves (CLL) were compared using commercial chlorophyllin (CHL) as a reference. Twelve Wistar male rats were separated into 4 groups (3 rats/group); the first was a normal one (based line group), the second were the diabetic rats treated with CHL, while the third and the fourth were the diabetic rats treated with 0...

OBJECTIVE: Accurate estimation of serum thyrotropin (TSH) is crucial in the diagnosis of subclinical hypothyroidism (SCH) in pregnancy. We aimed to investigate whether there are significant differences between fasting and nonfasting thyroid function tests (TFTs) among pregnant mothers. METHODS: We studied 100 pregnant mothers with previously unknown thyroid dysfunction. An equal number of participants were included in each trimester. All pregnant mothers underwent fasting and 2-hour postprandial TFTs (TSH, free T4)...

Introduction: Breast milk is an excellent biofluid that ensures optimal growth, development, and strong immunity of the baby. Breast milk content may alter depending on duration and time of breastfeeding, the infant's age, and maternal health status. There are few studies in the literature investigating the effect of religious fasting on breast milk composition. Method: The study included 21 fasting and 27 nonfasting mothers who exclusively breastfed their babies in 2021 Ramadan month. The energy, carbohydrate, protein, and lipid levels of the collected breast milk samples and the macro- and micronutrient contents of the mothers' diets and the weight gain of the infants during the study were evaluated...

Liquid chromatography coupled to high-resolution mass spectrometry (LC-HRMS) and untargeted metabolomics are increasingly used in exposome studies to study the interactions between nongenetic factors and the blood metabolome. To reliably and efficiently link detected compounds to exposures and health phenotypes in such studies, it is important to understand the variability in metabolome measures. We assessed the within- and between-subject variability of untargeted LC-HRMS measurements in 298 nonfasting human serum samples collected on two occasions from 157 subjects...

BACKGROUND: Hybrid closed-loop (HCL) systems have revolutionized the treatment of diabetes, enabling doctors to cope with challenging conditions that were previously almost impossible to manage or were very risky and difficult. AIMS: To assess the efficacy and safety of a hybrid closed-loop (HCL) system during Ramadan fasting in a pediatric cohort with type 1 diabetes (T1D). RESEARCH DESIGN AND METHODS: Glucose control outcomes in older children and adolescents aged 8-16 years with automated insulin delivery for T1D were analyzed during Ramadan and 1 month before Ramadan...

IMPORTANCE: Diabetes is widespread and treatable, but little is known about the diabetes care continuum (diagnosis, treatment, and control) in India and how it varies at the national, state, and district levels. OBJECTIVE: To estimate the adult population levels of diabetes diagnosis, treatment, and control in India at national, state, and district levels and by sociodemographic characteristics. DESIGN, SETTING, AND PARTICIPANTS: In this cross-sectional, nationally representative survey study from 2019 to 2021, adults in India from 28 states, 8 union territories, and 707 districts were surveyed for India's Fifth National Family Health Survey (NFHS-5)...

BACKGROUND: European studies have shown that nonfasting remnant cholesterol can be a strong predictor of cardiovascular disease risk and may contribute to identifying residual risk; however, Canadian data are lacking on nonfasting remnant cholesterol. In this study, we aimed to determine the relation between nonfasting remnant cholesterol, low-density lipoprotein (LDL) cholesterol and cardiovascular disease among people in Alberta. METHODS: In this retrospective analysis, we used data from Alberta's Tomorrow Project, a large prospective cohort that enrolled Albertans aged 35-69 years (2000-2015)...

BACKGROUND: Time-restricted feeding (TRF) is a kind of intermittent fasting defined as eating and drinking only during a certain number of hours in a day. It has been suggested that intermittent fasting may improve cardiovascular risk factors. This study evaluated the association of TRF and arterial stiffness, using pulse wave velocity (PWV), pulse wave analysis, and arterial age in metabolic syndrome participants. METHODS: A cohort study was carried out among metabolic syndrome adults who were followed over the Ramadan fasting period (used as a model of TRF since food was only allowed for about 8 h/day)...

Objective: Triglyceride (TG) levels are affected by food intake, and the cutoff values for nonfasting TG levels vary. This study aimed to calculate fasting TG levels based on total cholesterol (TC), low-density lipoprotein cholesterol (LDL-C), and high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (HDL-C) levels. Methods: Multiple regression analysis was performed to determine estimated triglyceride (eTG) levels using data from 39,971 participants divided into six groups based on non-high-density lipoprotein cholesterol (nHDL-C) levels (<100, <130, <160, <190, <220, and ≥220 mg/dL)...

BACKGROUND AND AIMS: High caloric diets rich in fat and carbohydrates lead to increased fat accumulation in adipose tissue and blood. This may lead to increased risk of non-alcoholic fatty liver disease. We hypothesized that baseline high nonfasting plasma triglycerides, body mass index (BMI), and waist circumference, individually and combined, associate with increased risk of clinically diagnosed non-alcoholic fatty liver disease during follow-up. METHODS: Cohort of 105,981 white Danish individuals recruited in 2003-2015 with end of follow-up on December 13th, 2018...