cerebral ischemia-reperfusion

PURPOSE: To evaluate the potential efficacy of Triptolide (TP) on cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) and to uncover the underlying mechanism through which TP regulates CIRI. METHODS: We constructed a middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) mouse model to simulate CIRI, and established a lipopolysaccharide (LPS)-stimulated BV-2 cell model to mimic the inflammatory state during CIRI. The neurological deficits score (NS) of mice were measured for assessment of neurologic functions...

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) can induce massive death of ischemic penumbra neurons via oxygen burst, exacerbating brain damage. Parthanatos is a form of caspase-independent cell death involving excessive activation of PARP-1, closely associated with intense oxidative stress following CIRI. 4'-O-methylbavachalcone (MeBavaC), an isoprenylated chalcone component in Fructus Psoraleae, has potential neuroprotective effects. This study primarily investigates whether MeBavaC can act on SIRT3 to alleviate parthanatos of ischemic penumbra neurons induced by CIRI...

Stroke poses a significant risk of mortality, particularly among the elderly population. The pathophysiological process of ischemic stroke is complex, and it is crucial to elucidate its molecular mechanisms and explore potential protective drugs. Ferroptosis, a newly recognized form of programmed cell death distinct from necrosis, apoptosis, and autophagy, is closely associated with the pathophysiology of ischemic stroke. N6022, a selective inhibitor of S-nitrosoglutathione reductase (GSNOR), is a "first-in-class" drug for asthma with potential therapeutic applications...

BACKGROUND: Mild chemical inhibition of mitochondrial respiration can confer resilience against a subsequent stroke or myocardial infarction, also known as preconditioning. However, the lack of chemicals that can safely inhibit mitochondrial respiration has impeded the clinical translation of the preconditioning concept. We previously showed that meclizine, an over-the-counter antivertigo drug, can toggle metabolism from mitochondrial respiration toward glycolysis and protect against ischemia-reperfusion injury in the brain, heart, and kidney...

SCOPE: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (IR) injury stands as a prominent global contributor to disability and mortality. Nervonic acid (NA), a bioactive elongated monounsaturated fatty acid, holds pivotal significance in human physiological well-being. This research aims to explore the prophylactic effects and fundamental mechanisms of NA in a rat model of cerebral IR injury. METHODS AND RESULTS: Through the induction of middle cerebral artery occlusion, this study establishes a rat model of cerebral IR injury and comprehensively assesses the pharmacodynamic impacts of NA pretreatment...

Ischemic stroke is one of the leading causes of death and disability. Occlusion and reperfusion of cerebral blood vessels (i.e., ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury) generates reactive oxygen species (ROS) that contribute to brain cell death and dysfunction of the blood-brain barrier (BBB) via oxidative stress. BBB disruption influences the pathogenesis of ischemic stroke by contributing to cerebral edema, hemorrhagic transformation, and extravasation of circulating neurotoxic proteins. An improved understanding of mechanisms for ROS-associated alterations in BBB function during ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury can lead to improved treatment paradigms for ischemic stroke...

OBJECTIVE: To explore the effect of human urine-derived stem cells (husc) in improving the neurological function of rats with cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (CIR), and report new molecular network by bioinformatics, combined with experiment validation. METHODS: After CIR model was established, and husc were transplanted into the lateral ventricle of rats，neurological severe score (NSS) andgene network analysis were performed. Firstly, we input the keywords "Cerebral reperfusion" and "human urine stem cells" into Genecard database and merged data with findings from PubMed so as to get their targets genes, and downloaded them to make Venny intersection plot...

Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) occurs frequently clinically as a complication following cardiovascular resuscitation resulting in neuronal damage specifically to the hippocampal CA1 region with consequent cognitive impairment. Apoptosis and oxidative stress were proposed as major risk factors associated with CIRI development. Previously, glycosides obtained from Cistanche deserticola (CGs) were shown to play a key role in counteracting CIRI; however, the underlying mechanisms remain to be determined...

Chrysin is a natural flavonoid with powerful neuroprotective capacity. Cerebral ischemia/reperfusion injury (CIRI) is associated with oxidative stress and ferroptosis. Hypoxia-inducible factor 1α (HIF-1α) and ceruloplasmin (CP) are the critical targets for oxidation reactions and iron transport. But the regulatory mechanism between them is still unclear. Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) model in rats and oxygen and glucose deprivation/re-oxygenation (OGD/R) model in PC12 cells were applied...

BACKGROUND: Apelin has been extensively studied, and emerging experimental evidence suggests that Apelin may have effects on stroke by reducing infarct volume and neurological deficits, inhibiting the apoptosis process and reducing brain water content. However, the credibility of the evidence is uncertain. Thus, we aimed to perform a systematic review and meta-analysis to evaluate preclinical studies that used Apelin for the treatment of transient focal cerebral ischemia. METHODS: Electronic bibliographic databases including PubMed, EMBASE, Scopus, and Google Scholar were searched for finding relevant studies from January 2000 to July 2023...

BACKGROUND: Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury is a common complication of ischemic stroke that affects the prognosis of patients with ischemic stroke. The lipid-soluble diterpene Tanshinone IIA, which was isolated from Salvia miltiorrhiza , has been indicated to reduce cerebral ischemic injury. In this study, we investigated the molecular mechanism of Tanshinone IIA in alleviating reperfusion-induced brain injury. METHODS: Middle cerebral artery occlusion animal models were established, and neurological scores, tetrazolium chloride staining, brain volume quantification, wet and dry brain water content measurement, Nissl staining, enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, flow cytometry, western blotting, and reverse transcription-quantitative polymerase chain reaction were performed...

PURPOSE: Ferroptosis has recently been recognized as a mechanism of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury, attributed to blood-brain barrier (BBB) disruption. Edaravone dexboneol (Eda.B) is a novel neuroprotective agent widely employed in ischemic stroke, which is composed of edaravone (Eda) and dexborneol. This study aimed to investigate the protective effects of Eda.B on the BBB in cerebral I/R and explore its potential mechanisms. METHODS: Transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO) Sprague-Dawley-rats model was used...

The present study investigated the inhibitory and neuroprotective effects of Rubia yunnanensis alcohol extract (RY-A) on oxidative stress induced by oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) in HT22 cells. In vitro cultured HT22 cells were randomly divided into control, OGD/R, OGD/R + 100 µmol/l edaravone and OGD/R + 10, 20 and 40 µg/ml RY-A groups. Oxygen-sugar deprivation was performed with 10 mmol/l sodium dithionite combined with sugar-free DMEM medium for 2 h, followed by re-glycolization and reoxygenation for 2 h to establish an in vitro OGD/R model...

AIMS: Neuroinflammation and pyroptosis are key mediators of cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury-induced pathogenic cascades. BRCC3, the human homolog of BRCC36, is implicated in neurological disorders and plays a crucial role in neuroinflammation and pyroptosis. However, its effects and potential mechanisms in cerebral I/R injury in mice are unclear. METHODS: Cellular localization of BRCC3 and the interaction between BRCC3 and NLRP6 were assessed. Middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO) and oxygen-glucose deprivation/reoxygenation (OGD/R) models were established in mice and HT22 cells, respectively, to simulate cerebral I/R injury in vivo and in vitro...

Aucubin, an iridoid glycoside, possesses beneficial bioactivities in many diseases, but little is known about its neuroprotective effects and mechanisms in brain ischemia and reperfusion (IR) injury. This study evaluated whether aucubin exhibited neuroprotective effects against IR injury in the hippocampal CA1 region through anti-inflammatory activity in gerbils. Aucubin (10 mg/kg) was administered intraperitoneally once a day for one week prior to IR. Neuroprotective effects of aucubin were assessed by neuronal nuclei (NeuN) immunofluorescence and Floro-Jade C (FJC) histofluorescence...

Background and Objectives : Therapeutic hypothermia (TH) shows promise as an approach with neuroprotective effects, capable of reducing secondary brain damage and intracranial pressure following successful mechanical thrombectomy in the acute phase. However, its effect on cognitive impairment remains unclear. This study investigated whether TH can improve cognitive impairment in a mouse model of transient middle cerebral artery occlusion followed by reperfusion (tMCAO/R). Materials and Methods : Nine-week-old C57BL/6N mice (male) were randomly assigned to three groups: sham, tMCAO/R, and tMCAO/R with TH...

Stroke is a major contributor to global mortality and disability. While reperfusion is essential for preventing neuronal death in the penumbra, it also triggers cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury, a paradoxical injury primarily caused by oxidative stress, inflammation, and blood-brain barrier disruption. An oxidative burst inflicts marked cellular damage, ranging from alterations in mitochondrial function to lipid peroxidation and the activation of intricate signalling pathways that can even lead to cell death...

BACKGROUND: Personalized blood pressure (BP) management for patients with acute ischemic stroke after successful endovascular thrombectomy lacks evidence. We aimed to investigate whether the deviation of BP from cerebral autoregulation limits is associated with worse outcomes. METHODS AND RESULTS: We determined autoregulation by measuring mean velocity index and calculated the percentage of time and the burden (defined as the time-BP area) with BP outside the autoregulatory limits of each subject within 48 hours after endovascular thrombectomy...

Traumatic brain injury (TBI) and brain ischemia/reperfusion cause neurodegenerative processes that can continue after the acute stage with the development of severe brain atrophy with dementia. In this case, the long-term neurodegeneration of the brain is similar to the neurodegeneration characteristic of Alzheimer's disease (AD) and is associated with the accumulation of beta amyloid and tau protein. In the pathogenesis of AD as well as in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia and TBI oxidative stress, progressive inflammation, glial activation, blood-brain barrier dysfunction, and excessive activation of autophagy are involved, which implies the presence of many targets that can be affected by neuroprotectors...

BACKGROUND: Exogenous neural cell transplantation may be therapeutic for stroke, cerebral ischemic injury. Among other mechanisms, increasing findings indicated circular RNAs (circRNAs) regulate the pathogenesis progression of cerebral ischemia. Mmu_circ_0015034 (circEfnb2) was upregulated in focal cortical infarction established by middle cerebral artery occlusion (MCAO) in mice. Our study was designed to probe the molecular mechanism of circEfnb2 in the oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R)-induced neuronal damage in cerebral ischemia...