cerebral ischemia-reperfusion

OBJECTIVES: This study assessed the effects of electroacupuncture (EA) stimulation at different frequencies at the Dazhui and Baihui acupoints in the subacute phase after transient global cerebral ischemia (GCI). MATERIALS AND METHODS: Rats were subjected to GCI for 25 min, followed by reperfusion for 7 days. EA at acupoints was performed at 10, 30, or 50 Hz, 1 day after reperfusion and then once daily for 6 consecutive days. RESULTS: EA at acupoints at 10 and 50 Hz effectively down-regulated apoptosis in the hippocampal cornu ammonis 1(CA1) area and ameliorated memory deficits...

Methylene blue (MB) was found to exert neuroprotective effect on different brain diseases, such as ischemic stroke. This study assessed the MB effects on ischemia induced brain edema and its role in the inhibition of aquaporin 4 (AQP4) and metabotropic glutamate receptor 5 (mGluR5) expression. Rats were exposed 1 h transient middle cerebral artery occlusion (tMCAO), and MB was injected intravenously following reperfusion (3 mg/kg). Magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) and 2,3,5-triphenyltetrazolium chloride (TTC) staining was performed 48 h after the onset of tMCAO to evaluate the brain infarction and edema...

Cerebral ischemic stroke is a major contributor to physical impairments and premature death worldwide. The available reperfusion therapies for stroke in the form of mechanical thrombectomy and intravenous thrombolysis increase the risk of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion (I-R) injury due to sudden restoration of blood supply to the ischemic region. The injury is manifested by hemorrhagic transformation, worsening of neurological impairments, cerebral edema, and progression to infarction in surviving patients. A complex network of multiple pathological processes has been known to be involved in the pathogenesis of I-R injury...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Network pharmacology and animal and cell experiments were employed to explore the mechanism of astragaloside Ⅳ(AST Ⅳ) combined with Panax notoginseng saponins(PNS) in regulating angiogenesis to treat cerebral ischemia. The method of network pharmacology was used to predict the possible mechanisms of AST Ⅳ and PNS in treating cerebral ischemia by mediating angiogenesis. In vivo experiment: SD rats were randomized into sham, model, and AST Ⅳ(10 mg·kg~(-1)) + PNS(25 mg·kg~(-1)) groups, and the model of cerebral ischemia was established with middle cerebral artery occlusion(MCAO) method...

This study aims to investigate the effect of Naotaifang(NTF) on the proteins associated with microglial polarization and glial scar in the rat model of cerebral ischemia reperfusion injury(CIRI). The CIRI model was established by middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion. The 48 successfully modeled rats were randomized into model 7 d, model 14 d, NTF 7 d, and NTF 14 d groups(n=12). In addition, 12 SD rats were selected as the sham group. The NTF group was administrated with NTF suspension at 27 g·kg~(-1)·d~(-1) by gavage, and the sham, model 7 d, and model 14 d groups were administrated with the same volume of normal saline every day by gavage for 7 and 14 days, respectively...

BACKGROUND: Microglial activation plays a crucial role in injury and repair after cerebral ischemia, and microglial pyroptosis exacerbates ischemic injury. NOD-like receptor protein 3 (NLRP3) inflammasome activation has an important role in microglial polarization and pyroptosis. Aloe-emodin (AE) is a natural anthraquinone compound originated from rhubarb and aloe. It exerts antioxidative and anti-apoptotic effects during cerebral ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) injury. However, whether AE affects microglial polarization, pyroptosis, and NLRP3 inflammasome activation remains unknown...

BACKGROUND: Ischemic stroke is a severe disorder with high incidence, disability rate and mortality. Multiple pathogenesis mechanisms are involved in ischemic stroke, such as inflammation and neuronal cell apoptosis. Protein inhibitor of activated signal transducer and activators of transcription 1 (PIAS1) plays a crucial role in various biological processes, including inflammation. PIAS1 is also downregulated in ischemia-reperfusion injury and involved in the disease processes. However, the role of PIAS1 in cerebral ischemia is unclear...

This study aimed to investigate the effects of the calpain inhibitor N-Acetyl-Leu-Leu-norleucinal (ALLN) on neuroapoptotic cell damage caused by Copper Oxide Nanoparticles (CuO-NP) and exacerbation of damage through brain ischemia/reperfusion (I/R) in a rat model. Male Wistar Albino rats (n=80) were divided into eight groups: Control, I/R, CuO-NP, CuO-NP+I/R, I/R+ALLN, CuO-NP+ALLN, CuO-NP+I/R+ALLN, and DMSO. Biochemical markers (MBP, S100B, NEFL, NSE, BCL-2, Cyt-C, Calpain, TNF-α, Caspase-3, MDA, and CAT) were measured in serum and brain tissue samples...

OBJECTIVES: Astragaloside IV (AST IV) and ligustrazine (Lig), the main ingredients of Astragali Radix and Chuanxiong Rhizoma respectively, have demonstrated significant benefits in treatment of cerebral ischemia -reperfusion injury (CIRI); however, the mechanisms underlying its benificial effects remain unclear. SUMO-1ylation and deSUMO-2/3ylation of dynamin-related protein 1 (Drp1) results in mitochondrial homeostasis imbalance following CIRI, which subsequently aggravates cell damage...

Ischemic stroke is a leading cause of human mortality. Cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CI/RI) is a primary cause of stroke. Ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) resulting in oxidative stress and inflammatory events may lead to severe neuronal impairments. Thus, anti-oxidative and anti-inflammatory mediators that can alleviate post-I/R neuronal injuries are required for the treatment of CI/RI. An alkaloid, voacangine (VCG) is a recognized antioxidant, anti-inflammatory, and anticancer agent. Hence, the current study intended to explore the neuroprotective potential and the principal mechanisms of VCG in CI/RI...

Mast cells (MCs) play a significant role in various diseases, and their activation and degranulation can trigger inflammatory responses and barrier damage. Several studies have indicated that vagus nerve stimulation (VNS) exerts ameliorates neurological injury, and regulates gut MC degranulation. However, there is limited research on the modulatory effect of VNS on MCs in both the gut and brain in brain ischemia-reperfusion (I/R) injury in this process. We aim to develop a minimally invasive, targeted and convenient VNS approach to assess the impact of VNS and to clarify the relationship between VNS and MCs on the prognosis of acute ischemic stroke...

OBJECTIVE: This article aims to identify genetic features associated with immune cell infiltration in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI) development through bioinformatics, with the goal of discovering diagnostic biomarkers and potential therapeutic targets. METHODS: We obtained two datasets from the Gene Expression Omnibus (GEO) database to identify immune-related differentially expressed genes (IRDEGs). These genes' functions were analyzed via Gene Ontology (GO) and the Kyoto Encyclopedia of Genes and Genomes (KEGG)...

Ischemic stroke (IS) is a major cause of mortality and disability among adults. Recanalization of blood vessels to facilitate timely reperfusion is the primary clinical approach; however, reperfusion itself may trigger cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury. Emerging evidence strongly implicates the NLRP3 inflammasome as a potential therapeutic target, playing a key role in cerebral ischemia and reperfusion injury. The aberrant expression and function of NLRP3 inflammasome-mediated inflammation in cerebral ischemia have garnered considerable attention as a recent research focus...

OBJECTIVE: To observe neuroprotective effects of Ca2+ /calmodulin-dependent kinase Ⅱ (CaMK Ⅱ)γ and CaMkII δ against acute neuronal ischemic reperfusion injury in mice and explore the underlying mechanism. METHODS: Primary cultures of brain neurons isolated from fetal mice (gestational age of 18 days) were transfected with two specific siRNAs (si-CAMK2G and si-CAMK2D) or a control sequence (si-NT). After the transfection, the cells were exposed to oxygen-glucose deprivation/reperfusion (OGD/R) conditions for 1 h followed by routine culture...

We aimed to clarify the correlation between dynamic change of blood HSP70 and the prognosis of thrombolysis in human and rats, so as to explain the neuroprotection and early warning role of HSP70 in cerebral ischemia-reperfusion. Forty-two patients with acute ischemic stroke were divided into two groups according to the time from onset to thrombolytic therapy: 0 h-3 h (27 patients) and 3-4.5 h group (15 patients). The level of HSP70 in serum before and after thrombolysis was detected by ELISA...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Astragalus mongholicus Bunge (AMB) is a herb with wide application in traditional Chinese medicine, exerting a wealth of pharmacological effects. AMB has been proven to have an evident therapeutic effect on ischemic cerebrovascular diseases, including cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). However, the specific mechanism underlying AMB in CIRI remains unclear. AIM OF THE STUDY: This study aimed to investigate the potential role of AMB in CIRI through a comprehensive approach of network pharmacology and in vivo experimental research...

BACKGROUND: Ischemic stroke is one of the prevalent neurodegenerative disorders; it is generally characterized by sudden abruption of blood flow due to thromboembolism and vascular abnormalities, eventually impairing the supply of oxygen and nutrients to the brain for its metabolic needs. Oxygen-glucose deprived conditions provoke the release of excessive glutamate, which causes excitotoxicity. SUMMARY: Recent studies suggest that circulatory angiotensin-II (Ang-II) has an imperative role in initiating detrimental events through binding central angiotensin 1 (AT1) receptors...

AIMS: Mitochondria-associated endoplasmic reticulum membranes (MAMs) serve as a crucial bridge connecting the endoplasmic reticulum (ER) and mitochondria within cells. Vesicle-associated membrane protein-associated protein B (VAPB) and protein tyrosine phosphatase interacting protein 51 (PTPIP51) are responsible for the formation and stability of MAMs, which have been implicated in the pathogenesis of various diseases. However, the role of MAMs in ischemic stroke (IS) remains unclear...

Neuronal ferroptosis and autophagy are crucial in the pathogenesis of cerebral ischemia-reperfusion injury (CIRI). Mastoparan M (Mast-M), extracted from the crude venom of Vespa magnifica (Smith), comprises 14 amino acid residues. Previous studies suggested that Mast-M reduces neuronal damage following global CIRI, but its protective mechanisms remain unclear. The present study examined the effect of Mast-M on middle cerebral artery occlusion/reperfusion (MCAO/R) induced neurological deficits using Grip, Rotarod, Longa test, and TTC staining, followed by treating the mice for three days with Mast-M (20, 40, and 80 μg/kg, subcutaneously)...