Kleeblatschadel

We report here a newborn female infant with striking features consistent with severe Pfeiffer syndrome (PS). Pfeiffer syndrome is a rare craniofacial disorder that has an autosomal dominant mode of inheritance (OMIM 101600). Our patient had unexpected differences between her clinical features and those predicted from her genetic tests. The following clinical features were noted: severe exophthalmos, syndactyly, upper extremity contractures, and relative macroglossia. A head computed tomography with three-dimensional reconstruction showed that she did not have craniosynostosis...

There seems to be an association between type 1 Chiari malformation (CM) and some congenital craniosynostosis syndromes. Type 2 Pfeiffer syndrome is a condition associated with premature fusion of multiple cranial sutures, cloverleaf skull (kleeblatschädel deformity), prominent ptosis, thumb and first toe abnormalities, variable syndactyly, and mutated genes for type 1 or 2 fibroblast growth factor receptor. These children generally do poorly because of significant often severe neurologic and cognitive defects, and many die very young...

The findings in a newborn male with agenesis of parietal bones, gracile long bones, and hypoplasia of the spleen are presented. Although parietal agenesis is unique, the findings are compatible with 18 previously reported cases characterized by cranial hypomineralization, Kleeblatschädel, gracile bones, and splenic aplasia/hypoplasia, the nomenclature for which has been descriptive: gracile bone disorders, "osteocraniostenosis," "osteocraniosplenic syndrome." The term "osteocraniostenosis" may be inappropriate in that craniostenosis has been infrequently reported, a feature also of importance with respect to the pathogenesis of the Kleeblatschädel...