keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37211470/comparison-of-rampage-and-non-rampage-mass-shootings-in-the-u-s-a-5-year-demographic-analysis
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alexander C Cavalea, Alexandra Tedesco, Jacob K Leonard, John P Hunt, Alison Smith, Denise Danos, Jonathan E Schoen, Alan B Marr, Patrick Greiffenstein, Lance E Stuke
BACKGROUND: Rampage mass shootings (RMS) are a subset of mass shootings occurring in public involving random victims. Due to rarity, RMS are not well-characterized. We aimed to compare RMS and NRMS. We hypothesized that RMS and NRMS would be significantly different with respect to time/season, location, demographics, victim number/fatality rate, victims being law enforcement, and firearm characteristics. STUDY DESIGN: Mass shootings (4 or more victims shot at a single event) from 2014-2018 were identified in the Gun Violence Archive (GVA)...
May 6, 2023: Injury
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34794766/chemical-biological-radiological-and-nuclear-mass-casualty-medicine-a-review-of-lessons-from-the-salisbury-and-amesbury-novichok-nerve-agent-incidents
#2
REVIEW
James D Haslam, Paul Russell, Stephanie Hill, Stevan R Emmett, Peter G Blain
On March 4, 2018, two casualties collapsed on a park bench in Salisbury, Wiltshire, UK. They were later discovered to have been the victims of an attempted murder using the Soviet-era Novichok class of nerve agent. The casualties, along with three further critically ill patients, were cared for in Salisbury District Hospital's Intensive Care Unit. Before the COVID-19 pandemic, the Salisbury and Amesbury incidents were the longest-running major incidents in the history of the UK National Health Service. This narrative review seeks to reflect on the lessons learned from these chemical incidents, with a particular focus on hospital and local organisational responses...
February 2022: British Journal of Anaesthesia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34431437/the-powder-in-the-basement-how-an-unlabeled-poison-inspired-federal-legislative-change
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Keahi M Horowitz, Robert G Hendrickson, Adam Blumenberg
The Oregon State Hospital, first established in 1862 as the Oregon Insane Asylum, was a state funded mental health institution that provided care and housing for a large and diverse patient population. In December 1941, the United States formally entered World War II. As wartime production and demands increased over the course of 1941 and into 1942, resources became more limited and budgets tightened. On the evening of November 18, 1942 hundreds of patient suddenly fell ill and dozens died. Initially it was unclear if this was an accident, a mass murder, or an act of sabotage related to the war effort...
August 25, 2021: Clinical Toxicology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31078902/family-can-hurt-you-the-most-examining-perpetrators-in-multiple-casualty-events
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joshua Abolarin, Lesley McLafferty, Heather Carmichael, Catherine G Velopulos
INTRODUCTION: Recently, multiple-homicide events, particularly mass shootings, have become a focus of media attention. We hypothesize that many multiple homicides are related to domestic conflict and suicidality. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We analyzed multiple-homicide events (involving two or more victims) in the National Violent Death Reporting System from 2003 to 2015, including those that were followed by suicide of the perpetrator. We characterized circumstances of these events and compared victims with those found in single-homicide events...
May 9, 2019: Journal of Surgical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/30110162/resurrection-biology-aged-acetylcholinesterase-brought-back-to-life
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel M Quinn
Organophosphorus agents such as sarin and soman that phosphylate the active site serine of the enzyme acetylcholinesterase are notorious and pernicious, not only because they have been used by tyrants to effect mass murder of their own populations but also because they are sought by terrorists to inflict mass casualties on civilian populations. These threats underscore the need to develop effective antidotes against such agents. Phosphylation of acetylcholinesterase produces two adducts, an initial neutral adduct that can be reactivated with oxime nucleophiles, and a subsequent monoanionic adduct (called aged acetylcholinesterase) which has proven over two generations to be impervious to reactivation...
August 23, 2018: Journal of Medicinal Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/26135941/contagion-in-mass-killings-and-school-shootings
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sherry Towers, Andres Gomez-Lievano, Maryam Khan, Anuj Mubayi, Carlos Castillo-Chavez
BACKGROUND: Several past studies have found that media reports of suicides and homicides appear to subsequently increase the incidence of similar events in the community, apparently due to the coverage planting the seeds of ideation in at-risk individuals to commit similar acts. METHODS: Here we explore whether or not contagion is evident in more high-profile incidents, such as school shootings and mass killings (incidents with four or more people killed). We fit a contagion model to recent data sets related to such incidents in the US, with terms that take into account the fact that a school shooting or mass murder may temporarily increase the probability of a similar event in the immediate future, by assuming an exponential decay in contagiousness after an event...
2015: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/25457378/where-no-guideline-has-gone-before-retrospective-analysis-of-resuscitation-in-the-24th-century
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
David Hörburger, Julia Haslinger, Hubert Bickel, Nikolaus Graf, Andreas Schober, Christoph Testori, Christoph Weiser, Fritz Sterz, Moritz Haugk
AIM OF THE STUDY: Evaluation of the treatment, epidemiology and outcome of cardiac arrest in the television franchise Star Trek. METHODS: Retrospective cohort study of prospective events. Screening of all episodes of Star Trek: The Next Generation, Star Trek: Deep Space Nine and Star Trek: Voyager for cardiac arrest events. Documentation was performed according to the Utstein guidelines for cardiac arrest documentation. All adult, single person cardiac arrests were included...
December 2014: Resuscitation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/24757013/breivik-the-norwegian-terrorist-case
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aslak Syse
On July 22, 2011, there were two murderous attacks in Norway. Both assaults - the bombing of governmental buildings in Oslo City center and the lethal shooting down of young members of the Labour Party on an island - were planned and accomplished by a lone perpetrator. These episodes give rise to several interesting questions. What happened really, and how could it happen? Was the perpetrator sane or insane? What was the ideological background for the attacks? It is unnecessary to discuss in any detail whether or not these acts should be categorized as terrorism...
2014: Behavioral Sciences & the Law
https://read.qxmd.com/read/23077267/the-effectiveness-of-psychological-first-aid-as-a-disaster-intervention-tool-research-analysis-of-peer-reviewed-literature-from-1990-2010
#9
REVIEW
Jeffrey H Fox, Frederick M Burkle, Judith Bass, Francesco A Pia, Jonathan L Epstein, David Markenson
OBJECTIVE: The Advisory Council of the American Red Cross Disaster Services requested that an independent study determine whether first-aid providers without professional mental health training, when confronted with people who have experienced a traumatic event, offer a "safe, effective and feasible intervention." METHODS: Standard databases were searched by an expert panel from 1990 to September 2010 using the keyword phrase "psychological first aid." Documents were included if the process was referred to as care provided to victims, first responders, or volunteers and excluded if it was not associated with a disaster or mass casualty event, or was used after individual nondisaster traumas such as rape and murder...
October 2012: Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
https://read.qxmd.com/read/20305080/the-pseudocommando-mass-murderer-part-i-the-psychology-of-revenge-and-obliteration
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
James L Knoll
The pseudocommando is a type of mass murderer who kills in public during the daytime, plans his offense well in advance, and comes prepared with a powerful arsenal of weapons. He has no escape planned and expects to be killed during the incident. Research suggests that the pseudocommando is driven by strong feelings of anger and resentment, flowing from beliefs about being persecuted or grossly mistreated. He views himself as carrying out a highly personal agenda of payback. Some mass murderers take special steps to send a final communication to the public or news media; these communications, to date, have received little detailed analysis...
2010: Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law
https://read.qxmd.com/read/18974260/an-archival-exploration-of-homicide-suicide-and-mass-murder-in-the-context-of-19th-century-american-parricides
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Phillip Chong Ho Shon, Michael A Roberts
There has been little attempt to integrate contemporary studies of suicide and mass murder to homicide-suicides. The current research attempts to do so in the context of 19th-century parricides in America. This project uses archival records from The New York Times and the Chicago Tribune, 1851-1899, resulting in a total of 231 incidents. Our results indicate that parricides, mass murders, and suicides tended to originate as spontaneous acts, usually during the course of an argument, gathering momentum as the interaction unfolded...
February 2010: International Journal of Offender Therapy and Comparative Criminology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/18388609/mass-murder-in-a-university-setting-analysis-of-the-medical-examiner-s-response
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcella F Fierro
BACKGROUND: Seung-Hui Cho, a student at Virginia Polytechnic Institute and State University (Virginia Tech), shot and killed 33 students and faculty, including himself, on the morning of April 16, 2007. METHODS: A retrospective review of the medical examiner system response to this multiple fatality event was undertaken to identify which procedures were and were not effective. Case records, spreadsheets, telephone call logs, notes, and after-action interviews of staff were reviewed and analyzed...
September 2007: Disaster Medicine and Public Health Preparedness
https://read.qxmd.com/read/10400430/offender-and-offense-characteristics-of-a-nonrandom-sample-of-mass-murderers
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
A G Hempel, J R Meloy, T C Richards
A nonrandom sample (N = 30) of mass murderers in the United States and Canada during the past 50 years was studied. Data suggest that such individuals are single or divorced males in their fourth decade of life with various Axis I paranoid and/or depressive conditions and Axis II personality traits and disorders, usually Clusters A and B. The mass murder is precipitated by a major loss related to employment or relationship. A warrior mentality suffuses the planning and attack behavior of the subject, and greater deaths and higher casualty rates are significantly more likely if the perpetrator is psychotic at the time of the offense...
1999: Journal of the American Academy of Psychiatry and the Law
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