keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38485256/multimodal-interrogation-of-ventral-pallidum-projections-reveals-projection-specific-signatures-and-effects-on-cocaine-reward
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nimrod Bernat, Rianne Campbell, Hyungwoo Nam, Mahashweta Basu, Tal Odesser, Gal Elyasaf, Michel Engeln, Ramesh Chandra, Shana Golden, Seth Ament, Mary Kay Lobo, Yonatan M Kupchik
The ventral pallidum (VP) is a central hub in the reward circuitry with diverse projections that have different behavioral roles attributed mostly to the connectivity with the downstream target. However, different VP projections may represent, as in the striatum, separate neuronal populations that differ in more than just connectivity. In this study we performed in mice of both sexes a multimodal dissection of four major projections of the VP - to the lateral hypothalamus (VP→LH ), ventral tegmental area (VP→VTA ), lateral habenula (VP→LHb ) and mediodorsal thalamus (VP→MDT ) - with physiological, anatomical, genetic and behavioral tools...
March 14, 2024: Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38444908/dementia-risk-and-thalamic-nuclei-volumetry-in-healthy-midlife-adults-the-prevent-dementia-study
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sita N Shah, Maria-Eleni Dounavi, Paresh A Malhotra, Brian Lawlor, Lorina Naci, Ivan Koychev, Craig W Ritchie, Karen Ritchie, John T O'Brien
A reduction in the volume of the thalamus and its nuclei has been reported in Alzheimer's disease, mild cognitive impairment and asymptomatic individuals with risk factors for early-onset Alzheimer's disease. Some studies have reported thalamic atrophy to occur prior to hippocampal atrophy, suggesting thalamic pathology may be an early sign of cognitive decline. We aimed to investigate volumetric differences in thalamic nuclei in middle-aged, cognitively unimpaired people with respect to dementia family history and apolipoprotein ε4 allele carriership and the relationship with cognition...
2024: Brain communications
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38422867/neurogenetic-underpinnings-of-nicotine-use-severity-integrating-the-brain-transcriptomes-and-gwas-variants-via-network-approaches
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bao-Zhu Yang, Bo Xiang, Tingting Wang, Shuangge Ma, Chiang-Shan R Li
Our study focused on human brain transcriptomes and the genetic risks of cigarettes per day (CPD) to investigate the neurogenetic mechanisms of individual variation in nicotine use severity. We constructed whole-brain and intramodular region-specific coexpression networks using BrainSpan's transcriptomes, and the genomewide association studies identified risk variants of CPD, confirmed the associations between CPD and each gene set in the region-specific subnetworks using an independent dataset, and conducted bioinformatic analyses...
April 2024: Psychiatry Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38249324/exploring-functional-connectivity-in-chronic-spinal-cord-injury-patients-with-neuropathic-pain-versus-without-neuropathic-pain
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Shreya Mandloi, Mashaal Syed, Isaiah Ailes, Omid Shoraka, Benjamin Leiby, Jingya Miao, Sara Thalheimer, Joshua Heller, Feroze B Mohamed, Ashwini Sharan, James Harrop, Laura Krisa, Mahdi Alizadeh
The great majority of spinal cord injury (SCI) patients have debilitating chronic pain. Despite decades of research, these pain pathways of neuropathic pain (NP) are unknown. SCI patients have been shown to have abnormal brain pain pathways. We hypothesize that SCI NP patients' pain matrix is altered compared to SCI patients without NP. This study examines the functional connectivity (FC) in SCI patients with moderate-severe chronic NP compared to SCI patients with mild-no NP. These groups were compared to control subjects...
2024: Neurotrauma reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38102998/restoring-the-function-of-thalamocortical-circuit-through-correcting-thalamic-kv3-2-channelopathy-normalizes-fear-extinction-impairments-in-a-ptsd-mouse-model
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haoxiang Xiao, Kaiwen Xi, Kaifang Wang, Yongsheng Zhou, Baowen Dong, Jinyi Xie, Yuqiao Xie, Haifeng Zhang, Guaiguai Ma, Wenting Wang, Dayun Feng, Baolin Guo, Shengxi Wu
Impaired extinction of fear memory is one of the most common symptoms in post-traumatic stress disorder (PTSD), with limited therapeutic strategies due to the poor understanding of its underlying neural substrates. In this study, functional screening is performed and identified hyperactivity in the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD) during fear extinction. Furthermore, the encoding patterns of the hyperactivated MD is investigated during persistent fear responses using multiple machine learning algorithms. The anterior cingulate cortex (ACC) is also identified as a functional downstream region of the MD that mediates the extinction of fear memory...
December 16, 2023: Advanced Science (Weinheim, Baden-Wurttemberg, Germany)
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38076986/distinct-roles-of-monkey-ofc-subcortical-pathways-in-adaptive-behavior
#6
Kei Oyama, Kei Majima, Yuji Nagai, Yukiko Hori, Toshiyuki Hirabayashi, Mark A G Eldridge, Koki Mimura, Naohisa Miyakawa, Atsushi Fujimoto, Yuki Hori, Haruhiko Iwaoki, Ken-Ichi Inoue, Richard C Saunders, Masahiko Takada, Noriaki Yahata, Makoto Higuchi, Barry J Richmond, Takafumi Minamimoto
To be the most successful, primates must adapt to changing environments and optimize their behavior by making the most beneficial choices. At the core of adaptive behavior is the orbitofrontal cortex (OFC) of the brain, which updates choice value through direct experience or knowledge-based inference. Here, we identify distinct neural circuitry underlying these two separate abilities. We designed two behavioral tasks in which macaque monkeys updated the values of certain items, either by directly experiencing changes in stimulus-reward associations, or by inferring the value of unexperienced items based on the task's rules...
November 17, 2023: bioRxiv
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38009263/whole-brain-mapping-of-monosynaptic-afferent-inputs-to-the-crh-neurons-in-the-medial-prefrontal-cortex-of-mice
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xiao-Lan Li, Fei Li, Xin-Yi Zhu, Xiao-Dong Wang, Zhen-Zhen Kou, Shang-Qing Liu, Hui Li
Corticotropin-releasing hormone (CRH) neurons are densely distributed in the medial prefrontal cortex (mPFC), which plays a crucial role in integrating and processing emotional and cognitive inputs from other brain regions. Therefore, it is important to know the neural afferent patterns of mPFCCRH neurons, which are still unclear. Here, we utilized a rabies virus-based monosynaptic retrograde tracing system to map the presynaptic afferents of the mPFCCRH neurons throughout the entire brain. The results show that the mPFCCRH neurons receive inputs from three main groups of brain regions: (1) the cortex, primarily the orbital cortex, somatomotor areas, and anterior cingulate cortex; (2) the thalamus, primarily the anteromedial nucleus, mediodorsal thalamic nucleus, and central medial thalamic nucleus; and (3) other brain regions, primarily the basolateral amygdala, hippocampus, and dorsal raphe nucleus...
November 27, 2023: Journal of Anatomy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37954873/in-humans-striato-pallido-thalamic-projections-are-largely-segregated-by-their-origin-in-either-the-striosome-like-or-matrix-like-compartments
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adrian T Funk, Asim A O Hassan, Norbert Brüggemann, Nutan Sharma, Hans C Breiter, Anne J Blood, Jeff L Waugh
Cortico-striato-thalamo-cortical (CSTC) loops are fundamental organizing units in mammalian brains. CSTCs process limbic, associative, and sensorimotor information in largely separated but interacting networks. CTSC loops pass through paired striatal compartments, striosome (aka patch) and matrix, segregated pools of medium spiny projection neurons with distinct embryologic origins, cortical/subcortical structural connectivity, susceptibility to injury, and roles in behaviors and diseases. Similarly, striatal dopamine modulates activity in striosome and matrix in opposite directions...
2023: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37758471/mixed-excitatory-and-inhibitory-projections-from-the-basolateral-amygdala-to-the-mediodorsal-thalamic-nucleus
#9
COMMENT
Conner J Whitten, Anna F Radford
No abstract text is available yet for this article.
September 27, 2023: Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37709539/high-resolution-tractography-protocol-to-investigate-the-pathways-between-human-mediodorsal-thalamic-nucleus-and-prefrontal-cortex
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Liu Mengxing 刘梦醒, Garikoitz Lerma-Usabiaga, Francisco Clascá, Pedro M Paz-Alonso
Animal studies have established that the mediodorsal nucleus (MD) of the thalamus is heavily and reciprocally connected with all areas of the prefrontal cortex (PFC). In humans, however, these connections are difficult to investigate. High resolution imaging protocols capable of reliably tracing the axonal tracts linking the human MD with each of the PFC areas may thus be key to advance our understanding of variation, development and plastic changes of these important circuits, in health and disease. Here, we tested in adult female and male humans the reliability of a new reconstruction protocol based on in vivo diffusion MRI to trace, measure and characterize the fiber tracts interconnecting the MD with 39 human PFC areas per hemisphere...
September 13, 2023: Journal of Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37534035/involvement-of-5-ht-1a-receptors-of-the-thalamic-descending-pathway-in-the-analgesic-effect-of-intramuscular-heating-needle-stimulation-in-a-rat-model-of-lumbar-disc-herniation
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Yuhong Ma, Yijun Zhan, Jian Pei, Gang Ye, Yaoxin Chen, Wenyan Zhu, Haiyue Shen
BACKGROUND: Intramuscular (IM) heating-needle therapy, a non-painful thermal therapy, has been found to exert an analgesic effect via the thalamic ventromedial (VM) nucleus, solely by reducing the triggering threshold for descending inhibition; this could be modulated by intracephalic 5-hydroxytryptamine-1A (5-HT1A ) receptors, rather than via the regular analgesia pathway. In this study, the effect and the potential serotonergic mechanism of IM heating-needle stimulation at 43°C were explored in the case of the pathological state of lumbar disc herniation (LDH)...
2023: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37486888/multitarget-deep-brain-stimulation-for-epilepsy
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andrew I Yang, Faical Isbaine, Abdulrahman Alwaki, Robert E Gross
OBJECTIVE: Deep brain stimulation (DBS) is a rapidly growing surgical option for patients with drug-resistant epilepsy who are not candidates for resective/ablative surgery. Recent randomized controlled trials have demonstrated efficacy of DBS of the anterior nucleus of the thalamus (ANT), particularly in frontal or temporal epilepsy, whereas DBS of the centromedian (CM) nucleus appears to be most suitable in well-defined generalized epilepsy syndromes. At the authors' institution, DBS candidates who did not fit the populations represented in these trials were managed with DBS of multiple distinct targets, which included ANT, CM, and less-studied nuclei-i...
July 14, 2023: Journal of Neurosurgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37484679/associations-of-thalamocortical-networks-with-reduced-mindfulness-in-alcohol-use-disorder
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Niklaus Denier, Leila M Soravia, Franz Moggi, Maria Stein, Matthias Grieder, Andrea Federspiel, Zeno Kupper, Roland Wiest, Tobias Bracht
BACKGROUND: Increased mindfulness is associated with reduced alcohol consumption in patients with alcohol use disorder (AUD) after residential treatment. However, the underlying neurobiological mechanism of mindfulness in AUD is unclear. Therefore, we investigate the structural and functional alterations of the thalamocortical system with a focus on the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD-TN), the default mode and the salience network (DMN/SN) which has previously been associated with mindfulness in healthy subjects...
2023: Frontiers in Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37455509/predicting-sumatriptan-responsiveness-based-on-structural-connectivity-in-patients-newly-diagnosed-with-migraine
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dong Ah Lee, Hyung Chan Kim, Ho-Joon Lee, Kang Min Park
BACKGROUND AND PURPOSE: We aimed to determine whether structural brain connectivity is significantly associated with the response to sumatriptan in patients with migraine. METHODS: We retrospectively enrolled patients with newly diagnosed migraine who underwent brain diffusion-tensor imaging (DTI) at the time of diagnosis, with regular follow-up for at least 6 months after the initial diagnosis. Patients were classified into good- and poor-responder groups according to their response to sumatriptan...
June 1, 2023: Journal of Clinical Neurology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37391474/connectivity-alteration-in-thalamic-nuclei-and-default-mode-network-related-area-in-memory-processes-in-mesial-temporal-lobe-epilepsy-using-magnetoencephalography
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomotaka Ishizaki, Satoshi Maesawa, Daisuke Nakatsubo, Hiroyuki Yamamoto, Jun Torii, Manabu Mutoh, Jun Natsume, Minoru Hoshiyama, Ryuta Saito
This work aimed to investigate the involvement of the thalamic nuclei in mesial temporal lobe epilepsy (MTLE) and identify the influence of interictal epileptic discharges on the neural basis of memory processing by evaluating the functional connectivity (FC) between the thalamic nuclei and default mode network-related area (DMNRA) using magnetoencephalography. Preoperative datasets of nine patients with MTLE with seizure-free status after surgery and those of nine healthy controls were analyzed. The FC between the thalamic nuclei (anterior nucleus [ANT], mediodorsal nucleus [MD], intralaminar nuclei [IL]), hippocampus, and DMNRA was examined for each of the resting, pre-spike, spike, and post-spike periods in the delta to ripple bands using magnetoencephalography...
June 30, 2023: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37238627/strain-dependent-morphology-of-reactive-astrocytes-in-human-and-animal-vole-adapted-prions
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Rosalia Bruno, Geraldina Riccardi, Floriana Iacobone, Flavia Chiarotti, Laura Pirisinu, Ilaria Vanni, Stefano Marcon, Claudia D'Agostino, Matteo Giovannelli, Piero Parchi, Umberto Agrimi, Romolo Nonno, Michele Angelo Di Bari
Reactive astrogliosis is one of the pathological hallmarks of prion diseases. Recent studies highlighted the influence of several factors on the astrocyte phenotype in prion diseases, including the brain region involved, the genotype backgrounds of the host, and the prion strain. Elucidating the influence of prion strains on the astrocyte phenotype may provide crucial insights for developing therapeutic strategies. Here, we investigated the relationship between prion strains and astrocyte phenotype in six human- and animal-vole-adapted strains characterized by distinctive neuropathological features...
April 27, 2023: Biomolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37229350/cerebellar-control-of-fear-learning-via-the-cerebellar-nuclei-multiple-pathways-multiple-mechanisms
#17
REVIEW
Julie D Urrutia Desmaison, Romain W Sala, Ahsan Ayyaz, Pimpimon Nondhalee, Daniela Popa, Clément Léna
Fear learning is mediated by a large network of brain structures and the understanding of their roles and interactions is constantly progressing. There is a multitude of anatomical and behavioral evidence on the interconnection of the cerebellar nuclei to other structures in the fear network. Regarding the cerebellar nuclei, we focus on the coupling of the cerebellar fastigial nucleus to the fear network and the relation of the cerebellar dentate nucleus to the ventral tegmental area. Many of the fear network structures that receive direct projections from the cerebellar nuclei are playing a role in fear expression or in fear learning and fear extinction learning...
2023: Frontiers in Systems Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37126979/thalamic-nuclei-volumes-in-schizophrenia-and-bipolar-spectrum-disorders-associations-with-diagnosis-and-clinical-characteristics
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lynn Mørch-Johnsen, Kjetil Nordbø Jørgensen, Claudia Barth, Stener Nerland, Ida Kippersund Bringslid, Laura A Wortinger, Dimitrios Andreou, Ingrid Melle, Ole A Andreassen, Ingrid Agartz
BACKGROUND: The thalamus is central to brain functions ranging from primary sensory processing to higher-order cognition. Structural deficits in thalamic association nuclei such as the pulvinar and mediodorsal nuclei have previously been reported in schizophrenia. However, the specificity with regards to clinical presentation, and whether or not bipolar disorder (BD) is associated with similar alterations is unclear. METHODS: We investigated thalamic nuclei volumes in 334 patients with schizophrenia spectrum disorders (SSD) (median age 29 years, 59 % male), 322 patients with BD (30 years, 40 % male), and 826 healthy controls (HC) (34 years, 54 % male)...
April 29, 2023: Schizophrenia Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37123374/the-thalamus-in-psychosis-spectrum-disorder
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Alan Anticevic, Michael M Halassa
Psychosis spectrum disorder (PSD) affects 1% of the world population and results in a lifetime of chronic disability, causing devastating personal and economic consequences. Developing new treatments for PSD remains a challenge, particularly those that target its core cognitive deficits. A key barrier to progress is the tenuous link between the basic neurobiological understanding of PSD and its clinical phenomenology. In this perspective, we focus on a key opportunity that combines innovations in non-invasive human neuroimaging with basic insights into thalamic regulation of functional cortical connectivity...
2023: Frontiers in Neuroscience
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36932068/the-cerebellum-regulates-fear-extinction-through-thalamo-prefrontal-cortex-interactions-in-male-mice
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jimena L Frontera, Romain W Sala, Ioana A Georgescu, Hind Baba Aissa, Marion N d'Almeida, Daniela Popa, Clément Léna
Fear extinction is a form of inhibitory learning that suppresses the expression of aversive memories and plays a key role in the recovery of anxiety and trauma-related disorders. Here, using male mice, we identify a cerebello-thalamo-cortical pathway regulating fear extinction. The cerebellar fastigial nucleus (FN) projects to the lateral subregion of the mediodorsal thalamic nucleus (MD), which is reciprocally connected with the dorsomedial prefrontal cortex (dmPFC). The inhibition of FN inputs to MD in male mice impairs fear extinction in animals with high fear responses and increases the bursting of MD neurons, a firing pattern known to prevent extinction learning...
March 17, 2023: Nature Communications
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