keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38304880/embryo-selection-in-the-context-of-in-vitro-fertilization
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Teofilo Giovan S Pugeda
From the Catholic perspective, in vitro fertilization (IVF) is morally problematic because it artificially separates the procreative and unitive aspects of the conjugal act. Embryo selection (ES) in the context of IVF is an injustice against the resulting embryos because it treats them as commodities and works against their right to life by determining their implantation potential in light of their features. The Church opposes the eugenics mentality underlying ES. Meanwhile, the IVF industry increasingly uses artificial intelligence (AI) for ES...
February 2024: Linacre Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38273450/brain-death-death-by-neurologic-criteria-what-you-need-to-know
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nicholas J Larson, David J Dries, Benoit Blondeau, Frederick B Rogers
Since the beginning of time, man has been intrigued with the question of when a person is considered dead. Traditionally, death has been considered the cessation of all cardiorespiratory function. At the end of the last century a new definition was introduced into the lexicon surrounding death in addition to cessation of cardiac and respiratory function: Brain Death/Death by Neurologic Criteria (BD/DNC). There are medical, legal, ethical, and even theological controversies that surround this diagnosis. In addition, there is no small amount of confusion among medical practitioners regarding the diagnosis of BD/DNC...
January 26, 2024: Journal of Trauma and Acute Care Surgery
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38178543/deconstructing-spiritual-care-discursive-underpinnings-within-palliative-care-research
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Emma Lundberg, Joakim Öhlén, Lisen Dellenborg, Anneli Ozanne, Daniel Enstedt
Religion and spirituality are integral to the philosophy of palliative care, shaping its approach to spiritual care. This article aims to examine the discourses within palliative care research to illuminate prevailing assumptions regarding spiritual care. Eighteen original articles were analyzed to examine how spiritual care is understood within palliative care. The analysis, informed by Foucault, aimed to identify recurring discourses. The finding reveals that, in palliative care research, spirituality is viewed as enigmatic yet inherently human and natural, assuming that every individual has a spiritual dimension...
January 4, 2024: Nursing Inquiry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37974569/the-barren-bear-fruit-good-news-for-sterile-couples
#4
Briony Mowbray
It is estimated that between 2.1 percent and 8.3 percent of Catholic couples remain biologically childless after exhausting all morally upright approaches for assisting reproduction. This represents a significant group within the Church earnestly seeking to live a fruitful married life in the absence of conceiving children. This essay seeks to provide a theologically and pastorally enriching exploration of marital fruitfulness for sterile Catholic couples in two ways: first, by demonstrating how the meanings of human fruitfulness and sterility have been definitively transformed by Christ and second, by exploring some of the ways sterile Christian marriages are abundantly fruitful...
November 2023: Linacre Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37974568/-just-the-facts-ma-am-moral-and-ethical-considerations-for-artificial-intelligence-in-medicine-and-its-potential-to-impact-patient-autonomy-and-hope
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Charles S Love
Applying machine-based learning and synthetic cognition, commonly referred to as artificial intelligence (AI), to medicine intimates prescient knowledge. The ability of these algorithms to potentially unlock secrets held within vast data sets makes them invaluable to healthcare. Complex computer algorithms are routinely used to enhance diagnoses in fields like oncology, cardiology, and neurology. These algorithms have found utility in making healthcare decisions that are often complicated by seemingly endless relationships between exogenous and endogenous variables...
November 2023: Linacre Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37841373/the-moral-illicitness-of-relying-solely-on-neurological-criteria-for-the-determination-of-death-a-catholic-response-to-brain-death
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Michael Arthur Vacca
This paper presents the biological, philosophical, and theological arguments against "brain death" or death determined strictly through neurological criteria. It is rooted in a realistic, Thomistic metaphysical and anthropological view of the human person and the objective reality of death. Part I of the paper reviews the medical evidence that the bodies of those declared brain death are alive and makes clear that the bodies of "brain dead" patients are not biologically analogous to severed body parts. Part II presents the philosophical and theological argument that it is impossible to be a live human being and not a person...
August 2023: Linacre Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37651700/ethics-and-moral-agency-for-a-postpandemic-era-beyond-the-storm
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura Lee Swisher
Laura Lee (Dolly) Swisher, PT, MDiv, PhD, FAPTA, the 53rd Mary McMillan Lecturer, is professor emerita and former director of the school of physical therapy and rehabilitation sciences at the University of South Florida in the USF Health Morsani College of Medicine. Dr Swisher received a bachelor of arts degree from Wilson College and is a 1986 physical therapy graduate of the University of Tennessee Health Science Center, Memphis. She received the M.Div. from Andover Newton Theological School and a doctoral degree in public administration from Tennessee State University...
December 6, 2022: Physical Therapy
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37642766/the-prohibition-of-suicide-and-its-theological-rationale-in-catholic-moral-and-canonical-tradition-origins-and-development
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stanisław Adamiak, Jan Dohnalik
This paper analyzes the nuances of the Roman Catholic Church's opposition to suicide. First, we analyze biblical suicide cases, showing that these were not usually met with clear condemnation. Next, we show the development of the Roman Catholic Church's moral teachings, with special attention to Augustine. The canon law of the Middle Ages still made some distinctions regarding motivation, but at this point, Roman Catholic funerals started to be refused to those having committed suicide as discouragement to others...
August 29, 2023: Journal of Religion and Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/37587936/why-did-doctrinal-religions-first-appear-in-the-northern-subtropical-zone
#9
REVIEW
R I M Dunbar
Doctrinal religions that involve recognised gods, more formal theologies, moral codes, dedicated religious spaces and professional priesthoods emerged in two phases during the Neolithic. Almost all of these appeared in a narrow latitudinal band (the northern Subtropical Zone). I suggest that these developments were the result of a need to facilitate community bonding in response to scalar stresses that developed as community sizes increased dramatically beyond those typical of hunter-gatherer societies. Conditions for population growth (as indexed by rainfall patterns and the difference between pathogen load and the length of the growing season) were uniquely optimised in this zone, creating an environment of ecological release in which populations could grow unusually rapidly...
2023: Evolutionary human sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36518714/the-unitive-meaning-of-the-conjugal-act-in-evaluating-assisted-reproductive-technologies
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wendy Laurento
Humanae Vitae taught that sexual relations must respect both the procreative and unitive meanings of the marital act. Most Catholic ethical analysis of assisted reproductive technologies (ART) has focused on whether the procedure assists or replaces the conjugal act. This paper proposes that such an approach is missing an essential element-namely, whether the procedure respects the unitive meaning of the conjugal act. Pope John Paul II's "theology of the body" provides principles for understanding the unitive meaning...
November 2022: Linacre Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36518709/injustices-implied-in-the-assisted-reproductive-technologies-market
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Carlo Calleja
This article critiques the current theological basis that deems assisted reproductive technologies (ART) as immoral, namely that it dissociates the unitive act from procreation, and that it violates the dignity of the embryo. It is argued that notwithstanding the validity of these moral truths, these issues are of little relevance to couples facing childlessness. Three alternative views are then presented, all based on the injustices related to the ART market: (a) injustices that directly affect the couple and their offspring, (b) unfairness related to the commercial aspect of ART markets, and (c) the overall effects that impinge on society at large...
November 2022: Linacre Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36518708/sterility-and-marital-fruitfulness-in-the-documents-of-the-magisterium-a-critical-appraisal
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Briony Mowbray
For those of reproductive age, the decision to marry in the Catholic Church is one that expresses the desire for a fruitful married life. The teachings of the Catholic Magisterium provide a substantial and constructive dialogue about marital fruitfulness as it relates to the bearing and raising of children but a more adequate theological and pastoral response is needed for Catholic couples who remain childless after exhausting morally upright medical procedures for assisting reproduction. This commentary provides a critical appraisal of the documents of the Magisterium dating from the 1917 Pio-Benedictine Code of Canon Law through to the present...
November 2022: Linacre Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36448985/the-balancing-of-virtues-muslim-perspectives-on-palliative-and-end-of-life-care-empirical-research-analysing-the-perspectives-of-service-users-and-providers
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mehrunisha Suleman
In this paper, I will share findings from a qualitative study that offers a thematic analysis of 76 interviews with Muslim patients and families as well as doctors, nurses, allied health professionals, chaplains and community faith leaders across the United Kingdom. The data show that for many Muslims, Islam-its texts and lived practice-is of central importance when they are deliberating about death and dying . Central to these deliberations are virtues rooted within Islamic theology and ethics, the traditions of adab (virtue) and aqhlaq (proper conduct)...
January 2023: Bioethics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36174315/ructions-over-fluxions-maclaurin-s-draft-the-analyst-controversy-and-berkeley-s-anti-mathematical-philosophy
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Clare Marie Moriarty
Following the publication of Berkeley's caustic critique of calculus, The Analyst (1734), numerous figures in the scientific world responded to the text's allegations of rigour violations and a culture of mathematics-laced heresy. Maclaurin's Treatise on Fluxions (1742) shaped the reception of Berkeley's mathematical views. The published version of the Treatise focused on securing the foundations of Newton's fluxions against Berkeley's claims that they were unrigorous. However, an earlier draft has a different, ideological focus, and engaging with this text sheds new light on both Maclaurin and Berkeley...
September 26, 2022: Studies in History and Philosophy of Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36087294/facts-and-doubts-on-the-beginning-of-human-life%C3%A2-%C3%A2-scientific-legal-philosophical-and-religious-controversies
#15
REVIEW
Asim Kurjak, Milan Stanojević, Pavo Barišić, Amila Ferhatović, Srećko Gajović, Dubravka Hrabar
It is very complicated to give correct answer to the question "How to define human life?" Nowadays dilemmas consider the respect of human life from the birth to death involve not just biology but also other sciences like philosophy, theology, sociology, psychology, law and politics. These sciences evaluate the topic from different points of view. Integration of all of these perspectives could result with a proper definition. The principal purpose of this paper is to try to determine when a human individual begins...
January 27, 2023: Journal of Perinatal Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/36069244/the-attitudes-of-religious-group-leaders-towards-xenotransplantation-a-focus-group-study
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniel J Hurst, Luz A Padilla, David Kc Cooper, Wendy Walters, Wayne Paris
Clinical trials of xenotransplantation (XTx) may start in coming years. Religious views have been mentioned as possible barriers to XTx acceptance. While there have been reports on perspectives of theologians in regard to XTx, no report has studied the perspectives of community religious leaders. A focus group was conducted with a sample of members of the following faith groups: Islam, Catholicism, and Protestantism. Qualitative content analysis was performed to identify interpretive themes. Four themes emerged...
September 2022: Xenotransplantation
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35875375/policy-vs-ethics
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Warren T Reich
Editor's Note: As Catholic ethics increasingly diverge from those of other religious traditions and from secular principles, it is important to explore how-if at all-Catholic physicians and institutions can work with those whose view of life and faith are very different. This article presents not only an historical vision of how the Ethical and Religious Directives came to be, it raises questions about just how Catholics go about moral reasoning when there are competing interests and principles at play. The author of the article, Warren T...
August 2022: Linacre Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35321490/analyzing-the-morality-of-owning-and-suspending-patent-rights-for-covid-19-vaccines-in-the-light-of-catholic-social-teaching
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vivencio O Ballano
Using the Roman Catholic Church's set of moral principles on social concerns called Catholic social teaching (CST) and utilizing some secondary data and scientific research literature, this article examines the morality of India and South Africa's request to the World Trade Organization (WTO) to temporarily suspend the property rights and patents of top pharmaceutical companies to their vaccines to allow low-income countries to locally manufacture them to save the lives of the poor during this COVID-19 pandemic...
February 2022: Linacre Quarterly
https://read.qxmd.com/read/35092533/perspectives-of-major-world-religions-regarding-euthanasia-and-assisted-suicide-a-comparative-analysis
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Graham Grove, Melanie Lovell, Megan Best
Euthanasia and physician-assisted suicide (EPAS) are important contemporary societal issues and religious faiths offer valuable insights into any discussion on this topic. This paper explores perspectives on EPAS of the four major world religions, Christianity, Islam, Hinduism and Buddhism, through analysis of their primary texts. A literature search of the American Theological Library Association database revealed 41 relevant secondary texts from which pertinent primary texts were extracted and exegeted. These texts demonstrate an opposition to EPAS based on themes common to all four religions: an external locus of morality and the personal hope for a better future after death that transcends current suffering...
January 29, 2022: Journal of Religion and Health
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34802096/theravada-buddhism-and-roman-catholicism-on-the-moral-permissibility-of-palliative-sedation-a-blurred-demarcation-line
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Asmat Ara Islam
Although Theravada Buddhism and Roman Catholicism agree on the moral justification for palliative sedation, they differ on the premises underlying the justification. While Catholicism justifies palliative sedation on the ground of the Principle of Double Effect, Buddhism does so on the basis of the Third Noble Truth. Despite their theological differences, Buddhism and Catholicism both value the moral significance of the physician's intent to reduce suffering and both respect the sanctity of life. This blurs the demarcation line between Buddhism and Catholicism regarding the moral justification of palliative sedation...
November 20, 2021: Journal of Religion and Health
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