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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Increasing access to pediatric surgical care: Assessing district hospital readiness in rural Rwanda.
Sarah Nuss, Jonathan Nkurunziza, Carol Mugabo, Marthe Kubwimana, Fanny Benimana, Cynthia Uwera, Theodette Nyirasabwa, Naphtal Nyirimanzi, Callum Forbes, Jean Paul Majyambere, Fredrick Kateera, Bethany L Hedt-Gauthier, Vincent K Cubaka
INTRODUCTION/BACKGROUND: Safe and quality surgery is crucial for child health. In Rwanda, district hospitals serve as primary entry points for pediatric patients needing surgical care. This paper reports on the organizational readiness and facility capacity to provide pediatric surgery in three district hospitals in rural Rwanda. METHODS: We administered the Children's Surgical Assessment Tool (CSAT), adapted for a Rwandan district hospital, to assess facility readiness across 5 domains (infrastructure, workforce, service delivery, financing, and training) at three Partners in Health supported district hospitals (Kirehe, Rwinkwavu, and Butaro District Hospitals)...
February 2024: World Journal of Surgery
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Virginia McKay, Yichen Chen, Kim Prewitt, Sara Malone, Maria Puerto-Torres, Carlos Acuña-Aguirre, Yvania Alfonso-Carreras, Shilel Y Alvarez-Arellano, Leticia A Andrade-Sarmiento, Daniela Arce-Cabrera, Deiby Argüello-Vargas, Mariuxy D C Barragán-García, Rosario Batista-Del-Cid, Erika E Blasco-Arriaga, Maria D C Cach-Castaneda, Gloria I Ceballo-Batista, Mayra Chávez-Rios, Maria E Costa, Maria E Cuencio-Rodriguez, Rosdali Diaz-Coronado, Ever A Fing-Soto, Teresa D J García-Sarmiento, Wendy C Gómez-García, Cinthia J Hernández-González, Yajaira V Jimenez-Antolinez, Maria S Juarez-Tobias, Esmeralda M León-López, Norma A Lopez-Facundo, Ruth A Martínez Soria, Scheybi T Miralda-Méndez, Erika Montalvo, Carlos M Pérez-Alvarado, Clara K Perez-Fermin, Monica L Quijano-Lievano, Beatriz Salas-Mendoza, Edwin E Sanchez-Fuentes, Marcia X Serrano-Landivar, Veronica Soto-Chavez, Isidoro Tejocote-Romero, Sergio Valle, Elizabeth A Vasquez-Roman, Juliana Texeira Costa, Adolfo Cardenas-Aguirre, Meenakshi Devidas, Douglas A Luke, Asya Agulnik
Clinical capacity for sustainability, or the clinical resources needed to sustain an evidence-based practice, represent proximal determinants that contribute to intervention sustainment. We examine the relationship between clinical capacity for sustainability and sustainment of PEWS, an evidence-based intervention to improve outcomes for pediatric oncology patients in resource-variable hospitals. We conducted a cross-sectional survey among Latin American pediatric oncology centers participating in Proyecto Escala de Valoración de Alerta Temprana (EVAT), an improvement collaborative to implement Pediatric Early Warning Systems (PEWS)...
March 2024: Glob Implement Res Appl
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter C Burgers, Lona Zeneyedpour, Theo M Luider, John L Holmes
The recent accurate and precise determination of the electron affinity (EA) of the astatine atom At0 warrants a re-investigation of the estimated thermodynamic properties of At0 and astatine containing molecules as this EA was found to be much lower (by 0.4 eV) than previous estimated values. In this contribution we estimate, from available data sources, the following thermodynamic and physicochemical properties of the alkali astatides (MAt, M = Li, Na, K, Rb, Cs): their solid and gaseous heats of formation, lattice and gas-phase binding enthalpies, sublimation energies and melting temperatures...
April 2024: Journal of Mass Spectrometry: JMS
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Karthik Ramachandran, R Dinesh Iyer, Prashasth Belludi Suresh, Ajoy Prasad Shetty, Puspha Bhari Thippeswamy, Rishi Mugesh Kanna, Shanmuganathan Rajasekaran
STUDY DESIGN: A retrospective cohort study. PURPOSE: This study aimed to understand the role of magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) in predicting neurological deficits in traumatic lower lumbar fractures (LLFs; L3-L5). OVERVIEW OF LITERATURE: Despite studies on the radiological risk factors for neurological deficits in thoracolumbar fractures, very few have focused on LLFs. Moreover, the potential utility of MRI in LLFs has not been evaluated...
March 8, 2024: Asian Spine Journal
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Adaptation and validation of the Children's Surgical Assessment Tool for Rwandan district hospitals.
Sarah Nuss, Jean Paul Majyambere, Edmond Ntaganda, Callum Forbes, Jonathan Nkurunziza, Carol Mugabo, Vincent Cubaka, Bethany Hedt-Gauthier
BACKGROUND/AIMS: Paediatric surgical care is a critical component of child health and basic universal health coverage and therefore should be included in comprehensive evaluations of surgical capacity. This study adapted and validated the Children's Surgical Assessment Tool (CSAT), a tool developed for district and tertiary hospitals in Nigeria to evaluate hospital infrastructure, workforce, service delivery, financing, and training capacity for paediatric surgery, for use in district hospitals in Rwanda...
December 31, 2024: Global Health Action
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jaeseon Song, Bruno G Breitmeyer, James M Brown
Theoretically, the pulsed- and steady-pedestal paradigms are thought to track contrast-increment thresholds (ΔC) as a function of pedestal contrast (C) for the parvocellular (P) and magnocellular (M) systems, respectively, yielding linear ΔC versus C functions for the pulsed- and nonlinear functions for the steady-pedestal paradigm. A recent study utilizing these paradigms to isolate the P and M systems reported no evidence of the M system being suppressed by red light, contrary to previous physiological and psychophysical findings...
November 29, 2023: Attention, Perception & Psychophysics
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hyunil Kim, Tae-Yeong Kwak, Hyeyoon Chang, Sun Woo Kim, Injung Kim
We propose a novel transfer learning framework for pathological image analysis, the Response-based Cross-task Knowledge Distillation (RCKD), which improves the performance of the model by pretraining it on a large unlabeled dataset guided by a high-performance teacher model. RCKD first pretrains a student model to predict the nuclei segmentation results of the teacher model for unlabeled pathological images, and then fine-tunes the pretrained model for the downstream tasks, such as organ cancer sub-type classification and cancer region segmentation, using relatively small target datasets...
November 2, 2023: Bioengineering
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Virginia McKay, Bobbi Carothers, Dylan Graetz, Sara Malone, Maria Puerto-Torres, Kim Prewitt, Adolfo Cardenas, Yichen Chen, Meenakshi Devidas, Douglas A Luke, Asya Agulnik
BACKGROUND: More than 90% of children with cancer live in low-resourced settings, where survival is only 20%. Sustainable evidence-based (EB) interventions yielding ongoing beneficial patient outcomes are critical to improve childhood cancer survival. A better understanding of factors promoting intervention sustainability in these settings is urgently needed. The aim of this study is to provide an empirical understanding of how clinical capacity for sustainability, or the resources needed to sustain an intervention, impacts the sustainment of Pediatric Early Warning System (PEWS), an EB intervention that improves pediatric oncology outcomes in low-resource hospitals by detecting clinical deterioration and preventing the need for more intense treatment...
November 17, 2023: Implementation science communications
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Guang Zeng, Yinzhen Zheng, Ya Xiang, Run Liu, Xiaofeng Yang, Zhanglin Lin
BACKGROUND: Protein purification remains a critical need for biosciences and biotechnology. It frequently requires multiple rounds of chromatographic steps that are expensive and time-consuming. Our lab previously reported a cleavable self-aggregating tag (cSAT) scheme for streamlined protein expression and purification. The tag consists of a self-assembling peptide (SAP) and a controllable self-cleaving intein. The SAP drives the target protein into an active aggregate, then by intein-mediated cleavage, the target protein is released...
October 30, 2023: Microbial Cell Factories
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Chrysis Sofianos
BACKGROUND: The main purpose of a medical facility is to improve the welfare of patients, and user satisfaction is one of its primary goals. This study aimed to identify variables influencing patient satisfaction at the Plastic Surgery Outpatient Department of Chris Hani Baragwanath Academic Hospital, Gauteng, South Africa. By identifying factors affecting patient satisfaction, the services provided to patients may be improved. METHODS: A questionnaire was compiled focusing on patients over 18 years of age and using a Likert scale to measure factors influencing patients' satisfaction with the services received...
September 29, 2023: BMC Health Services Research
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RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Valerie Y Chock, Haresh Kirpalani, Edward F Bell, Sylvia Tan, Susan R Hintz, M Bethany Ball, Emily Smith, Abhik Das, Yvonne C Loggins, Beena G Sood, Lina F Chalak, Myra H Wyckoff, Stephen D Kicklighter, Kathleen A Kennedy, Ravi M Patel, Waldemar A Carlo, Karen J Johnson, Kristi L Watterberg, Pablo J Sánchez, Abbot R Laptook, Ruth B Seabrook, C Michael Cotten, Toni Mancini, Gregory M Sokol, Robin K Ohls, Anna Maria Hibbs, Brenda B Poindexter, Anne Marie Reynolds, Sara B DeMauro, Sanjay Chawla, Mariana Baserga, Michele C Walsh, Rosemary D Higgins, Krisa P Van Meurs
IMPORTANCE: Preterm infants with varying degrees of anemia have different tissue oxygen saturation responses to red blood cell (RBC) transfusion, and low cerebral saturation may be associated with adverse outcomes. OBJECTIVE: To determine whether RBC transfusion in preterm infants is associated with increases in cerebral and mesenteric tissue saturation (Csat and Msat, respectively) or decreases in cerebral and mesenteric fractional tissue oxygen extraction (cFTOE and mFTOE, respectively) and whether associations vary based on degree of anemia, and to investigate the association of Csat with death or neurodevelopmental impairment (NDI) at 22 to 26 months corrected age...
September 5, 2023: JAMA Network Open
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Taylor Blount, Sarah Moffitt, Fadia Fakhre, Bilal Koussayer, Mohammad Tahseen Alkaelani, Anamaria Parus, Meredith G Moore, Brandon Foley, Jared Troy
INTRODUCTION: Breast reduction surgery aims to alleviate physical discomfort and improve the quality of life for individuals with macromastia. Insurance coverage plays a crucial role in making this surgery accessible, but navigating the complex approval process can be challenging. Online resources have become a primary information source, but limited research exists on the adequacy of online materials, particularly for Spanish-speaking patients. This study evaluates the readability, actionability, and understandability of online educational materials on breast reduction insurance coverage for Spanish- and English-speaking patients...
September 11, 2023: Aesthetic Plastic Surgery
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Priyesh Mohanty, Jayakrishna Shenoy, Azamat Rizuan, José F Mercado-Ortiz, Nicolas L Fawzi, Jeetain Mittal
TAR DNA-binding protein 43 (TDP-43) is involved in key processes in RNA metabolism and is frequently implicated in many neurodegenerative diseases, including amyotrophic lateral sclerosis and frontotemporal dementia. The prion-like, disordered C-terminal domain (CTD) of TDP-43 is aggregation-prone, can undergo liquid-liquid phase separation (LLPS) in isolation, and is critical for phase separation (PS) of the full-length protein under physiological conditions. While a short conserved helical region (CR, spanning residues 319-341) promotes oligomerization and is essential for LLPS, aromatic residues in the flanking disordered regions (QN-rich, IDR1/2) are also found to play a critical role in PS and aggregation...
August 22, 2023: Proceedings of the National Academy of Sciences of the United States of America
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Huang Yao, Xiaomeng Yang, Di Chen, Zhao Wang, Yuan Tian
Facial expressions help individuals convey their emotions. In recent years, thanks to the development of computer vision technology, facial expression recognition (FER) has become a research hotspot and made remarkable progress. However, human faces in real-world environments are affected by various unfavorable factors, such as facial occlusion and head pose changes, which are seldom encountered in controlled laboratory settings. These factors often lead to a reduction in expression recognition accuracy. Inspired by the recent success of transformers in many computer vision tasks, we propose a model called the fine-tuned channel-spatial attention transformer (FT-CSAT) to improve the accuracy of recognition of FER in the wild...
July 30, 2023: Sensors
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Joga-Elvira Lorena, Palma-Robleda Sandra
BACKGROUND: 22q11 deletion syndrome (SD22Q11) is a neurogenetic condition that is associated with a high risk of neurodevelopmental disorders and intellectual disability. People with SD22Q11, both children and adults, often experience significant difficulties in social interactions, as well as neurocognitive deficits, and have elevated rates of autism spectrum disorder (ASD). Despite this, the relationship between basic cognitive processes and cognitive ability in this population has not been well investigated...
June 26, 2023: Genes
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Laura A Rose, Adam Frymoyer, Shazia Bhombal, Valerie Y Chock
OBJECTIVE: Decreased near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) measures of renal oxygen saturation (Rsat) have identified preterm infants with a hemodynamically significant patent ductus arteriosus (hsPDA). NIRS may further identify infants at risk for acute kidney injury (AKI) in a population with concern for hsPDA. STUDY DESIGN: Review of infants ≤29 weeks' gestation undergoing NIRS and echocardiography due to concern for hsPDA. The hsPDA was defined by two of the following: moderate-large size, left to right shunt, aortic flow reversal, left atrial enlargement...
August 9, 2023: American Journal of Perinatology
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Renato Beas, Cielo Cabanillas-Ramirez, Diego Izquierdo-Veraza, Andres Chapoñan-Lavalle, Dalton Norwood, Karina Sato-Espinoza, Adrian Riva-Moscoso, Isabella Ribaudo, Mirian Ramirez-Rojas, Azizullah Beran, Eleazar E Montalvan-Sanchez
The internet has become a necessary communication platform for health information. The quality of online material for patients varies significantly, and this is not different for material on gastrointestinal cancers. We aimed to assess English and Spanish online patient information addressing esophageal, gastric, and colorectal cancer treatment. Six independent Google searches were conducted using the terms: esophageal cancer treatment, gastric cancer treatment, colorectal cancer treatment, and their translations in Spanish...
July 2, 2023: Journal of Cancer Education: the Official Journal of the American Association for Cancer Education
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Archit Gupta, Ashish Joshi, Kanika Arora, Samrat Mukhopadhyay, Purnananda Guptasarma
The bacterial chromosome, known as its nucleoid, is an amorphous assemblage of globular nucleoprotein domains. It exists in a state of phase separation from the cell's cytoplasm, as an irregularly-shaped, membrane-less, intracellular compartment. This state (the nature of which remains largely unknown) is maintained through bacterial generations ad infinitum. Here, we show that HU, and Dps, two of the most abundant nucleoid-associated proteins (NAPs) of Escherichia coli, undergo spontaneous complex coacervation with different forms of DNA/RNA, both individually and in each other's presence, to cause accretion and compaction of DNA/RNA into liquid-liquid phase separated (LLPS) condensates in vitro...
March 22, 2023: Journal of Biological Chemistry
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mustafa Şenol Akın, Fatma Nur Sarı, Burak Ceran, Davut Bozkaya, Esin Okman, Mihriban Alkan, Evrim Alyamaç Dizdar
BACKGROUND: The prediction of adverse conditions in the preterm neonatal brain might be improved by cerebral monitoring using combined measures of cerebral function, including oxygenation and blood flow parameters. To perform the consecutive measurements of the resistive index (RI) from the anterior cerebral artery (ACA) within the first week of life and to evaluate the association of these measurements with cerebral oxygen saturation (Csat) detected by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)...
February 2023: Turkish Journal of Medical Sciences
#20
REVIEW
Ayotunde Dawodu, Haoyue Dai, Tong Zou, Hongjie Zhou, Wenhan Lian, Jumoke Oladejo, Felix Osebor
Assessment Tools have become the de facto method to address sustainability issues within the built environment. They provide a measurable third-party approach to ensuring sustainability design and directives are met through the use of indictors, criteria's and credit system. A key challenge is that the existing tools such as BREEAM Communities and LEED Neighbourhood Development address a wider community but cannot efficiently address the more nuanced and context specific sustainability requirements of campuses...
December 2022: Heliyon
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