keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529445/rectal-sedation-with-ketamine-and-midazolam-in-the-management-of-uncooperative-children-during-dental-treatment-a-case-series-and-method-description
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hasan Alzoubi, Samar Kabbani, Ahmad Taleb, Nada Bshara, Mohamed K Altinawi, Mohammed Bashier Almonakel, Saleh Al Kurdi
Background In pediatric dentistry, sedation aims to eliminate anxiety to facilitate the completion of dental procedures. Sedation in children is a multidimensional field that includes the child, parents/guardians, and the health care team. The rectal route is generally painless, making it suitable for children who are afraid of needles. This route has several advantages over the oral route, including reduced patient cooperation requirements, a faster and more predictable onset, and less physical trauma than the intravenous and intramuscular routes...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521913/combined-sedation-in-pediatric-magnetic-resonance-imaging-determination-of-median-effective-dose-of-intranasal-dexmedetomidine-combined-with-oral-midazolam
#2
RANDOMIZED CONTROLLED TRIAL
Hao Xie, Jialian Zhao, Haiya Tu, Wenyang Wang, Yaoqin Hu
BACKGROUND: The exact median effective dose (ED50) of intranasal dexmedetomidine combined with oral midazolam sedation for magnetic resonance imaging (MRI) examination in children remains unknow and the aim of this study was to determine the ED50 of their combination. METHODS: This is a prospective dose-finding study. A total of 53 children aged from 2 months to 6 years scheduled for MRI examination from February 2023 to April 2023 were randomly divided into group D (to determine the ED50 of intranasal dexmedetomidine) and group M (to determine the ED50 of oral midazolam)...
March 23, 2024: BMC Anesthesiology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38510224/methadone-for-emergence-delirium-in-ambulatory-pediatric-strabismus-surgery
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Khaled A Dajani, Bren Davis, Hussam Ghabra, Jakayla Harrell-Mohamed, Carol O Carrillo, H Sprague Eustis
Background: Emergence delirium in children following strabismus surgery is a distressing and potentially dangerous condition and is likely attributable to visual disturbances, pain, and anesthetic gases. We explored whether a single intraoperative dose of methadone could reduce emergence delirium. Methods: Our study was an institutional review board-approved prospective, controlled, before-and-after investigation. Inclusion criteria were age <18 years and American Society of Anesthesiologists (ASA) classification 1 or 2...
2024: Ochsner Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38504555/remimazolam-for-sedation-and-anesthesia-in-children-protocol-for-a-scoping-review
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Vladimir Brüggemann, Tom G Hansen
BACKGROUND: Remimazolam, a novel intravenous benzodiazepine recently approved by both the European Medicines Agency and the Food and Drug Agency, holds significant promise in clinical practice. Its pharmacodynamic profile closely mirrors that of midazolam, while its pharmacokinetics properties bear resemblance to remifentanil. Research in adult populations continues to accumulate, but the pediatric studies' pace is not significant. This scoping review aims to methodically scrutinize published studies, clinical trials, observational research, case reports, and pertinent literature to offer a comprehensive insight into the existing understanding of remimazolam in pediatric sedation and anesthesia...
March 19, 2024: Acta Anaesthesiologica Scandinavica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38470335/association-of-midazolam-route-of-administration-and-need-for-recurrent-dosing-among-children-with-seizures-cared-for-by-emergency-medical-services
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sriram Ramgopal, Sylvia Owusu-Ansah, Remle P Crowe, Masashi Okubo, Christian Martin-Gill
OBJECTIVE: National guidelines in the United States recommend the intramuscular and intranasal routes for midazolam for the management of seizures in the prehospital setting. We evaluated the association of route of midazolam administration with the use of additional benzodiazepine doses for children with seizures cared for by emergency medical services (EMS). METHODS: We conducted a retrospective cohort study from a US multiagency EMS dataset for the years 2018-2022, including children transported to the hospital with a clinician impression of seizures, convulsions, or status epilepticus, and who received an initial correct weight-based dose of midazolam (...
March 12, 2024: Epilepsia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38450918/public-support-for-and-concerns-regarding-pediatric-dose-optimization-for-seizures-in-emergency-medical-services-an-exception-from-informed-consent-efic-trial
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Caleb E Ward, Kathleen M Adelgais, Maija Holsti, Kammy K Jacobsen, Harold K Simon, Claudia R Morris, Victor M Gonzalez, Gonzalo Lerner, Kimia Ghaffari, John M VanBuren, E Brooke Lerner, Manish I Shah
BACKGROUND: Federal regulations allow exception from informed consent (EFIC) to study emergent conditions when obtaining prospective consent is not feasible. Little is known about public views on including children in EFIC studies. The Pediatric Dose Optimization for Seizures in EMS (PediDOSE) trial implements age-based, standardized midazolam dosing for pediatric seizures. The primary objective of this study was to determine public support for and concerns about the PediDOSE EFIC trial...
March 7, 2024: Academic Emergency Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38448198/can-critical-care-transport-be-safely-reduced-in-children-intubated-during-emergency-management-of-status-epilepticus-in-the-united-kingdom-a-national-audit-with-case-control-analysis
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Philip Knight, Victoria Norman, Rochelle Gully, Dora Wood, Dusan Raffaj, Laura Riddick, Stephen Hancock, Sanjay Revanna, Mohammed Uvaise, Sasha Herring, Mark Worrall, Ashley Daye, Mark Terris, Cormac O'Brien, Ananth Kumar, Sophie Scott, Lisa Pritchard, Srinivasan Palaniappan, Charlotte Hughes, Michael J Griksaitis, Shelley Riphagen, Padmanabhan Ramnarayan
OBJECTIVE: This study describes the baseline clinical characteristics, predictors of successful extubation at referring hospitals and short-term outcomes of children intubated for status epilepticus and referred to United Kingdom (UK) paediatric critical care transport teams (PCCTs). DESIGN: Multicentre audit with case-control analysis, conducted between 1 September 2018 and 1 September 2020. SETTING: This study involved 10 UK PCCTs. PATIENTS: Children over 1 month of age intubated during emergency management for status epilepticus (SE), referred to UK PCCTs...
March 6, 2024: Archives of Disease in Childhood
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38445681/-pediatric-procedural-sedation-a-new-protocol-implemented
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Aldo Cavuoto, Adrien De Cock, Sylvain Mauron
Pediatric procedural sedation is a difficult exercise aiming to find the balance between optimal quality of a medical imaging or act, and maximal reduction of risks for the patient. Harmlessness of chloral hydrate has been recently questioned, thus promoting the use of the dexmedetomidine for these kinds of procedures. In this context we decided to develop a new protocol at the CHUV. We tested different combinations of molecules until we found the best association and dosage. We present here the analysis of our patient cohort, attesting the efficiency, reliability, and safety of combined dexmedetomidine and midazolam given intranasal for pediatric MRI...
March 6, 2024: Revue Médicale Suisse
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38440185/preoperative-anxiety-management-in-pediatric-patients-a-systemic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-trials-on-the-efficacy-of-distraction-techniques
#9
REVIEW
Muhammad Saqlain Mustafa, Muhammad Ashir Shafique, Syeda Dua E Zehra Zaidi, Amna Qamber, Burhanuddin Sohail Rangwala, Aftab Ahmed, Syeda Mahrukh Fatima Zaidi, Hussain Sohail Rangwala, Muhammad Musab Nafees Uddin, Mirha Ali, Mohammad Arham Siddiq, Abdul Haseeb
BACKGROUND: This study addresses the pervasive issue of heightened preoperative anxiety in healthcare, particularly among pediatric patients. Recognizing the various sources of anxiety, we explored both pharmacological and nonpharmacological interventions. Focusing on distraction techniques, including active and passive forms, our meta-analysis aimed to provide comprehensive insights into their impact on preoperative anxiety in pediatric patients. METHODS: Following the PRISMA and Cochrane guidelines, this meta-analysis and systematic review assessed the efficacy of pharmaceutical and distraction interventions in reducing pain and anxiety in pediatric surgery...
2024: Frontiers in Pediatrics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38440038/pre-medications-for-non-emergency-tracheal-intubation-in-the-united-states-neonatal-intensive-care-units
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahmoud A Ali, Muppala Prasanth Raju, Greg Miller, Niraj Vora, Madhava Beeram, Venkata Raju, Ashith Shetty, Vinayak Govande, Nguyen Nguyen, Arpitha Chiruvolu
BACKGROUND: Premedication in neonates undergoing elective intubation effectively minimizes the negative physiological events of bradycardia, systemic hypertension, intracranial hypertension, and hypoxia. Premedication decreases procedure-related pain and discomfort. This study aimed to evaluate the current practice of pre-intubation medications for non-emergent intubations in preterm and term neonates in the United States. STUDY DESIGN: A cross-sectional survey (Appendix) was sent via e-mail to all level 3 and 4 Neonatal Intensive Care Units (NICUs) of the Organization of Neonatal Perinatal Medicine Training Program Directors (ONTPD), NICU directors with pediatric residency only, and Baylor Scott and White Health, Mednax, and Envision health services systems...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38398486/oral-dexmedetomidine-achieves-superior-effects-in-mitigating-emergence-agitation-and-demonstrates-comparable-sedative-effects-to-oral-midazolam-for-pediatric-premedication-a-systematic-review-and-meta-analysis-of-randomized-controlled-studies
#11
REVIEW
Chun-Kai Jen, Kuo-Ching Lu, Kuan-Wen Chen, Yun-Ru Lu, I-Tao Huang, Yu-Chen Huang, Chun-Jen Huang
Background : Oral midazolam is the most commonly used sedative premedication agent in pediatric patients. While effective, oral midazolam cannot reduce the incidence of emergence agitation. Oral dexmedetomidine may be effective in providing satisfactory sedation and reduce the incidence of emergence agitation, although the results of different randomized controlled trials are conflicting. Methods : This study enrolled randomized controlled trials (RCTs) examining premedication with oral dexmedetomidine versus oral midazolam in pediatric patients undergoing general anesthesia...
February 19, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38375724/correlation-between-serum-galanin-and-neuron-specific-enolase-levels-with-eeg-abnormalities-in-pediatric-convulsive-status-epilepticus-and-the-efficacy-of-triple-drug-therapy
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
M A Ansari, R Syed, M Shahid, J Yin
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to investigate the association between serum galanin (GAL) and neuron-specific enolase (NSE) levels in children with convulsive status epilepticus (CSE) and their relationship with abnormal electroencephalogram (EEG) patterns. Additionally, the study assessed the effectiveness of a combination therapy involving midazolam, diazepam, and phenobarbital in treating CSE. PATIENTS AND METHODS: The research involved 100 children diagnosed with CSE and included a control group of 50 healthy children...
February 2024: European Review for Medical and Pharmacological Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38363269/differential-utilization-of-parental-presence-and-premedication-for-induction-of-anesthesia-in-pediatric-patients
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Robert E Shaw, Bryan M Krause, Janice Ferguson, Bridget L Muldowney
PURPOSE: Known disparities exist in pain treatment between African American, Latino, and White children. A recent study described 'adultification' of Black children, with Black children being less likely to have a parent present at induction of anesthesia and less likely to receive an anxiolytic premedication before proceeding to the operating room. The aim of this study is to identify differences based on race and socioeconomic status when treating children and their families for anesthetic induction...
February 15, 2024: Journal of Perianesthesia Nursing: Official Journal of the American Society of PeriAnesthesia Nurses
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38333804/bibliometric-analysis-of-pediatric-dental-sedation-research-from-1993-to-2022
#14
REVIEW
Jinhong Zhang, Jie Zeng, Pan Zhou, Haixia Deng, Cong Yu
STATEMENT OF PROBLEM: Bibliometric analysis methods were used to evaluate pediatric dental sedation research and to identify topical hotspots using quantitative and qualitative methodologies. PURPOSE: To conduct bibliometric analysis on the retrieved data and to foresee the development of trends and hotspots in this research area. MATERIAL AND METHODS: We retrieved appropriate research articles from the Web of Science Core Collection on January 1, 2023...
February 15, 2024: Heliyon
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38332961/current-practices-and-safety-of-medication-use-during-pediatric-rapid-sequence-intubation
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah A Bisesi, Sierra D Stauber, David J Hutchinson, Nicole M Acquisto
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to characterize medication-related practices during and immediately -following rapid sequence intubation (RSI) in pediatric care units across the United States and to evaluate adverse drug events. METHODS: This was a multicenter, observational study of medication practices surrounding intubation in pediatric and neonatal intensive care unit (NICU) and emergency department patients across the United States. RESULTS: A total of 172 patients from 13 geographically diverse institutions were included...
2024: Journal of Pediatric Pharmacology and Therapeutics: JPPT: the Official Journal of PPAG
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38328388/sensory-nerve-conduction-studies-in-infants-children-and-teenagers-an-update
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tom Frenzel, Anne-Katrin Baum, Hardy Krause, Christoph Arens, Aiden Haghikia, Imke Galazky
OBJECTIVE: Nerve conduction studies (NCS) in children remain technically challenging and depend on the cooperation of the child. Motor NCS are not compromised by analgosedation but data for sensory NCS are lacking. Here, we ask whether sensory NCS is influenced by analgosedation. We also compare the present data with NCS studies from the 1990s regarding anthropometric acceleration of the contemporary paediatric population. METHODS: Sensory NCS of the median nerve and sural nerve were performed in 182 healthy subjects aged 1 to 18 years during general anaesthesia and in 47 of them without analgosedation...
2024: Clinical Neurophysiology Practice
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38303854/dexmedetomidine-versus-midazolam-as-intranasal-premedication-for-intravenous-deep-sedation-in-pediatric-dental-treatment
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tong Cheng, Yun Liu, Bing-Hua Li, Xiao-Ran Wu, Bin Xia, Xu-Dong Yang
BACKGROUND/PURPOSE: Optimal sedation management for pediatric dental treatment demands special focus as it's tubeless and shares a same oral space. The study was to evaluate dexmedetomidine compared to midazolam for intranasal premedication in pediatric dental treatment under intravenous deep sedation. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A hundred children aged 3-7 years scheduled for elective dental treatment under intravenous deep sedation anesthesia were enrolled, of whom 50 children (Group D) were intranasally premedicated with 2...
January 2024: Journal of Dental Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38243663/effective-doses-of-midazolam-oral-solution-for-the-prevention-of-preoperative-anxiety-in-paediatric-patients
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hongfei Xiong, Jing Liu, Guangbo Liu, Yunyun Zhang, Ziwen Wei, Linna Fan, Fangfang Jiang, Yingchao Zhao, Wei Wei, Siyuan Li, Rongliang Xue
BACKGROUND: More than 60% children exhibit anxiety before undergoing an anesthetic-surgical procedure, particularly among pre-school paediatric patients. Oral midazolam can provide procedural sedation for children prior to anesthesia. However, extemporaneous solutions of midazolam are usually prepared from injectable drug solutions, leading to inconsistent efficacy due to variable preparation methods. Xiaoerjing® is the first commercially available oral formulation of midazolam for procedural sedation in children in China...
January 19, 2024: International Journal of Paediatric Dentistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38146869/analgosedation-for-less-invasive-surfactant-administration-variations-in-practice
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tobias Muehlbacher, Vinzenz Boos, Leonie-Beatrice Geiger, Christoph M Rüegger, Beate Grass
BACKGROUND: Less-invasive surfactant administration (LISA) is widely used for surfactant delivery to spontaneously breathing preterm infants on nasal CPAP. However, the use of analgesia and/or sedation for the LISA procedure remains controversial. METHODS: We conducted a cross-sectional survey of all tertiary neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) in Austria, Germany, and Switzerland to assess current practices of analgosedation for LISA in preterm infants. RESULTS: Eighty-eight of 172 (51...
December 26, 2023: Pediatric Pulmonology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38123932/retrospective-evaluation-of-moderate-sedation-visits-that-used-oral-meperidine-and-hydroxyzine-with-oral-or-intranasal-midazolam
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Gaurav Jain, Ronald Curran, Robert S Jones
Purpose: To examine the influence of substituting intranasal (IN) midazolam (MID) for oral (PO) MID, within the three-drug combination of meperidine (MEP), hydroxyzine (H) and MID, on sedation treatment outcomes. Methods: A retrospective, cross-sectional analysis examined patient variables and sedation outcomes in 508 pediatric dental patients sedated by single- and multi-drug sedation regimens (MEP-H; MEP-H-(PO)-MID; MEP-H-(IN)-MID; single-agent MID). The outcome assessment examined sedation visit effectiveness, sedation treatment completion, treatment time and medication administration to discharge time...
November 15, 2023: Journal of Dentistry for Children
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