keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34898957/invasive-pulmonary-aspergillosis-and-tuberculosis-complicated-by-hemophagocytic-lymphohistiocytosis-sequelae-of-covid-19-in-a-liver-transplant-recipient
#21
Akash Gandotra, Rohit Mehtani, Madhumita Premkumar, Ajay Duseja, Arka De, Nabhajit Mallik, S Durgadevi, Ashim Das, Naveen Kalra
Liver transplant recipients are at an increased risk of opportunistic infections due to use of immunosuppression. Coronavirus disease of 2019 (COVID-19) increases the risk of these infections further due to associated immune dysfunction and use of high dose steroids. We present a case of liver transplant recipient who developed disseminated tuberculosis and invasive pulmonary aspergillosis complicated by acquired hemophagocytic lymphohistiocytosis after recovering from severe COVID-19.
December 8, 2021: Journal of Clinical and Experimental Hepatology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34479519/clinical-characteristics-and-risk-factors-associated-with-pneumocystis-jirovecii-infection-in-patients-with-solid-tumors-study-of-thirteen-year-medical-records-of-a-large-cancer-center
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Koichi Takeda, Sohei Harada, Brian Hayama, Kosuke Hoashi, Taisuke Enokida, Toshiharu Sasaki, Koh Okamoto, Kenji Nakano, Daisuke Ohkushi
BACKGROUND: Pneumocystis jirovecii pneumonia (PCP)-related risk factors among patients with solid tumors are not completely defined. Thus, we aimed to characterize PCP cases with underlying solid tumors, to highlight the factors contributing to its development besides the prolonged use of moderate-to-high dose corticosteroids. METHODS: We retrospectively reviewed the medical records of patients with solid tumors diagnosed with PCP between 2006 and 2018 at a cancer center in Tokyo, Japan...
September 3, 2021: BMC Cancer
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34406120/innate-immune-activation-by-checkpoint-inhibition-in-human-patient-derived-lung-cancer-tissues
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Teresa Wm Fan, Richard M Higashi, Huan Song, Saeed Daneshmandi, Angela L Mahan, Matthew S Purdom, Therese J Bocklage, Thomas A Pittman, Daheng He, Chi Wang, Andrew N Lane
Although Pembrolizumab-based immunotherapy has significantly improved lung cancer patient survival, many patients show variable efficacy and resistance development. A better understanding of the drug's action is needed to improve patient outcomes. Functional heterogeneity of the tumor microenvironment (TME) is crucial to modulating drug resistance; understanding of individual patients' TME that impacts drug response is hampered by lack of appropriate models. Lung organotypic tissue slice cultures (OTC) with patients' native TME procured from primary and brain-metastasized (BM) non-small cell lung cancer (NSCLC) patients were treated with Pembrolizumab and/or beta-glucan (WGP, an innate immune activator)...
August 18, 2021: ELife
https://read.qxmd.com/read/34239993/the-effects-of-twenty-four-nutrients-and-phytonutrients-on-immune-system-function-and-inflammation-a-narrative-review
#24
REVIEW
Jillian Poles, Elisa Karhu, Megan McGill, H Reginald McDaniel, John E Lewis
BACKGROUND AND AIM: Recently, optimal immune function has become a primary focus of worldwide attention not only in the prevention of chronic disease but also as one strategy to reduce the severity of acute illness. Inflammation, a process largely controlled by the immune system, has long been studied and recognized for its role in chronic disease. Optimizing immune function or managing inflammation using individual nutrients and phytonutrients is not well understood by the average person...
June 26, 2021: Journal of Clinical and Translational Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33840486/dust-exposure-and-pulmonary-inflammation-in-standardbred-racehorses-fed-dry-hay-or-haylage-a-pilot-study
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
C J Olave, K M Ivester, L L Couetil, J E Kritchevsky, S H Tinkler, A Mukhopadhyay
Respirable dust exposure is linked to airway inflammation in racehorses. Feeding haylage may reduce dust exposure by 60-70%. The objective of this study was to compare dust exposure, airway cytology, and inflammatory cytokine concentrations between horses fed haylage or hay over 6 weeks while in training. Seven healthy Standardbred horses were randomly assigned to be fed alfalfa hay (n = 3) or grass-alfalfa mix haylage (n = 4) for six weeks while training on a treadmill. Dust exposure was measured gravimetrically at the breathing zone...
May 2021: Veterinary Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33609700/modulation-of-growth-performance-gut-microflora-non-specific-immunity-and-gene-expression-of-proinflammatory-cytokines-in-shabout-tor-grypus-upon-dietary-prebiotic-supplementation
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Takavar Mohammadian, Reza Ghanei-Motlagh, Taravat Molayemraftar, Mehrzad Mesbah, Mojtaba Zarea, Hamzeh Mohtashamipour, Abdolhossein Jangaran Nejad
In this study, the effect of dietary supplementation of mannan oligosaccharide (MOS) + β-glucan (Immunogen®) was investigated on growth performance, body composition, gut microflora, innate immune responses and gene expression of some proinflammatory cytokines in shabout (Tor grypus). Shabout fingerlings (35 ± 1.2 g) were fed with basal diet (control) or basal diet supplemented with Immunogen® at 0.5, 1 and 1.5% of feed for 90 days. According to the results, growth parameters were significantly improved in fish fed with prebiotic (1 and 1...
May 2021: Fish & Shellfish Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33605867/assessment-of-antioxidant-effect-of-beta-glucan-on-the-whole-blood-oxidative-dna-damage-with-the-comet-assay-in-colorectal-cancer
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Necla Benlier, Nilay Uçar, Eda Öğüt, Havva Yeşil Çinkir, Mustafa Yildirim, Pınar Günel Karadeniz, Esra Küpeli Akkol, Haroon Khan, Eyüp Ilker Saygili
OBJECTIVE: The present study aims to evaluate the antioxidant effect of beta-glucan on oxidative DNA damage by comet assay. METHODS: A total of 19 adult females and males diagnosed with stage 3-4 colorectal cancer and a control group of 20 age-matched healthy subjects were enrolled in the study. Blood samples of the participants were analyzed using Comet Assay for the parameters of DNA damage. RESULTS: Significantly increased DNA damage was observed in patients versus the control group as indicated by greater values of tail moment, tail percent DNA and tail length...
2022: Current Molecular Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33421796/immunomodulation-through-beta-d-glucan-in-chemically-induced-necrotizing-pancreatitis
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nikolaos N Koliakos, Georgios Renieris, Dimitrios Sotiropoulos, Kalliopi Pavlou, Dionysia-Eirini Droggiti, Theologia Gkavogianni, Anestis Charalampopoulos, Evangelos J Giamarellos-Bourboulis
BACKGROUND: Although the ability of β-D-glucan and monophosphoryl lipid A (MPLA) to modulate immune responses has been studied in human primary cells, their effect on sterile inflammation models such as necrotizing pancreatitis has never been investigated. MATERIALS AND METHODS: 85 male New Zealand rabbits were assigned into following groups: A: control, B: pretreatment with β-D-glucan 3 d before pancreatitis, C: pretreatment with MPLA 3 d before pancreatitis, D: pretreatment with β-D-glucan and laminarin 3 d before pancreatitis, E: treatment with β-D-glucan 1 d after pancreatitis, and F: MPLA 1 d after pancreatitis...
May 2021: Journal of Surgical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/33278940/beta-d-glucan-based-drug-delivery-system-and-its-potential-application-in-targeting-tumor-associated-macrophages
#29
REVIEW
Yuting Su, Lei Chen, Fan Yang, Peter C K Cheung
Use of polysaccharides as carriers in drug delivery system is a hot topic, especially those with specific recognition of immune cells, enabling them to be applied in targeting delivery system. β-d-glucans are naturally occurring non-digestible polysaccharides with immunomodulatory activities that have attracted increasing attention to serve as therapeutic agents or immune-adjuvants. Being able to be specifically recognized by immune cells like macrophages, β-d-glucans can be developed as promising carriers for targeting delivery with stability, biocompatibility and specificity when applied in immunotherapy...
February 1, 2021: Carbohydrate Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32860527/curdlan-zymosan-and-a-yeast-derived-%C3%AE-glucan-reshape-tumor-associated-macrophages-into-producers-of-inflammatory-chemo-attractants
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Priscilla de Graaff, Cor Berrevoets, Christiane Rӧsch, Henk A Schols, Kees Verhoef, Harry J Wichers, Reno Debets, Coen Govers
Anti-cancer T-cell responses are often halted due to the immune-suppressive micro-environment, in part related to tumor-associated macrophages. In the current study, we assessed indigestible β-glucans (oatβG, curdlan, grifolan, schizophyllan, lentinan, yeast whole glucan particles (yWGP), zymosan and two additional yeast-derived β-glucans a and b) for their physicochemical properties as well as their effects on the plasticity of human monocyte-derived macrophages that were polarized with IL-4 to immune-suppressive macrophages...
February 2021: Cancer Immunology, Immunotherapy: CII
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32829842/beta-1-6-glucan-converts-tumor-associated-macrophages-into-an-m1-like-phenotype
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hairong Cheng, Lin Sun, Danyang Shen, Ai Ren, Fangli Ma, Guihua Tai, Luodi Fan, Yifa Zhou
Tumor-associated macrophages (TAMs) with an M2-like phenotype have been linked to immunosuppression and resistance to chemotherapies of cancer, thus targeting TAMs has been an attractive therapeutic strategy to cancer immunotherapy. We have reported that the β-D-(1→6) glucan (AAMP-A70) isolated from Amillariella Mellea could promote macrophage activation. The present study showed that the β-1,6-glucan could promote the transformation of M2-like macrophages to M1-like phenotype and inhibit the viability of colon cancer cells in vitro and in vivo...
November 1, 2020: Carbohydrate Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32463994/the-birch-bracket-medicinal-mushroom-fomitopsis-betulina-agaricomycetes-bioactive-source-for-beta-glucan-fraction-with-tumor-cell-migration-blocking-ability
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Miriam Sari, Katharina Toepler, Carolin Roth, Nicole Teusch, Reinhard Hambitzer
Wild-grown fruiting bodies of the basidiomycete Fomitopsis betulina (Agaricomycetes, birch bracket mushroom, = Piptoporus betulinus) in different growing stages were collected and analyzed for their beta-glucan content. It could be shown that no significant difference in beta-glucan content regarding size or location of the collected fruiting bodies could be determined, but all samples displayed high values of beta-glucan in comparison to other well-known culinary or medicinal mushroom species. Furthermore, F...
2020: International Journal of Medicinal Mushrooms
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32325856/yeast-beta-glucan-supplementation-downregulates-markers-of-systemic-inflammation-after-heated-treadmill-exercise
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hannah A Zabriskie, Julia C Blumkaitis, Jessica M Moon, Bradley S Currier, Riley Stefan, Kayla Ratliff, Patrick S Harty, Richard A Stecker, Karolina Rudnicka, Ralf Jäger, Michael D Roberts, Kaelin Young, Andrew R Jagim, Chad M Kerksick
Aerobic exercise and thermal stress instigate robust challenges to the immune system. Various attempts to modify or supplement the diet have been proposed to bolster the immune system responses. The purpose of this study was to identify the impact of yeast beta-glucan ( Saccharomyces cerevisiae ) supplementation on exercise-induced muscle damage and inflammation. Healthy, active men (29.6 ± 6.7 years, 178.1 ± 7.2 cm, 83.2 ± 11.2 kg, 49.6 ± 5.1 mL/kg/min, n = 16) and women (30.1 ± 8.9 years, 165.6 ± 4...
April 19, 2020: Nutrients
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32323263/the-effect-of-candida-cell-wall-beta-glucan-on-treatment-resistant-ll-2-cancer-cell-line-in-vitro-evaluation
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fatemeh Sadeghi, Fatemeh Peymaeei, Mehraban Falahati, Elaheh Safari, Shirin Farahyar, Shahla Roudbar Mohammadi, Maryam Roudbary
Candida albicans (C. albicans) cell wall beta-glucan has been considered as a potential agent in the treatment of cancers due to its anti-tumor properties. Therefore, in the present study, we investigated the anti-cancer effects of Candida cell wall beta-glucan on Lewis lung carcinoma cell line (LL/2) cells. Beta-glucan of C. albicans cell wall was extracted. LL/2 cell line was cultured, then sphere cells and parental cells were exposed to the different concentrations of beta-glucan extracted from C. albicans (10-6000 μg/ml), for 24, 48 and 72 h...
May 2020: Molecular Biology Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32212815/candida-albicans-beta-glucan-induce-anti-cancer-activity-of-mesenchymal-stem-cells-against-lung-cancer-cell-line-an-in-vitro-experimental-study
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fatemeh Peymaeei, Fatemeh Sadeghi, Elahe Safari, Samaneh Khorrami, Mehraban Falahati, Shahla Roudbar Mohammadi, Maryam Roudbary
OBJECTIVE: β-glucan, glucopyranosyl polymers of fungi cell wall, represent an immune stimulating effects with potential anti-cancer activity. Mesenchymal stem cells (MSC) have immunomodulating properties in cancer microenvironment. The aim of this study was to investigate the anti-cancer effect of Candida albicans (C. albicans) beta-glucan on MSCs supernatant for apoptosis assay of lung cancer cells in vitro. METHODS: Beta-glucan was extracted from cell wall of C...
March 1, 2020: Asian Pacific Journal of Cancer Prevention: APJCP
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32203766/lactobacillus-plantarum-l-137-and-or-%C3%AE-glucan-impacted-the-histopathological-antioxidant-immune-related-genes-and-resistance-of-nile-tilapia-oreochromis-niloticus-against-aeromonas-hydrophila
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mahmoud A O Dawood, Eman Moustafa Moustafa, Zizy I Elbialy, Foad Farrag, Emad E E Lolo, Hanaa A Abdel-Daim, Mohamed M Abdel-Daim, Hien Van Doan
A trial was operated to assess the potential of using Lactobacillus plantarum L-137 (L-137) and/or β-glucan (BG) in improving the resistance of Nile tilapia against Aeromonas hydrophila. Control diet and 3 diets supplemented with L-137, BG or L-137 + BG were prepared. Final body weight, specific growth rate, superoxide dismutase, and catalase showed considerably (P < .05) increased values in L-137 or L-137/BG groups, while glutathione peroxidase increased significantly (P < .05) only in L-137/BG group...
March 13, 2020: Research in Veterinary Science
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32165203/effect-of-beta-and-alpha-glucans-on-immune-modulating-factors-expression-in-enterocyte-like-caco-2-and-goblet-like-ls-174t-cells
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Bruna De Felice, Simona Damiano, Concetta Montanino, Andrea Del Buono, Giuliana La Rosa, Bruna Guida, Mariarosaria Santillo
Glucans are complex polysaccharides consisting of repeated units of d-glucose linked by glycosidic bonds. The nutritional contribution in α-glucans is mainly given by starch and glycogen while in β-glucans by mushrooms, yeasts and whole grains, such as barley and spelt well represented in the Mediterranean Diet. Numerous and extensive studies performed on glucans highlighted their marked anti-tumor, antioxidant and immunomodulatory activity. It has recently been shown that rather than merely being a passive barrier, the intestinal epithelium is an essential modulator of immunity...
March 10, 2020: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/32132045/immunoglobulin-restores-immune-responses-to-bth1677-in-patients-with-low-levels-of-antibodies-to-beta-glucan
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter J Hurley, Nandita Bose, Gautam Jha, Michele Gargano, Nadine Ottoson, Keith Gorden, Blaine Rathmann, Ben Harrison, Xiaohong Qiu, Arkadiusz Z Dudek
BACKGROUND: BTH1677 is a beta-glucan pathogen-associated molecular pattern (PAMP) being evaluated as a novel immunotherapy of cancer. We previously described that the presence of antibodies against beta-glucan (ABA) in serum is necessary for BTH1677 antitumoral activity. We hypothesized that infusion of immunoglobulin can reinstate responses to BTH1677 in individuals with low ABA levels. PATIENTS AND METHODS: We report two single-patient studies: one in a patient with metastatic colorectal cancer who received BTH1677, combined with tumor targeting antibody cetuximab; and a second in a patient with metastatic neuroendocrine tumor who received BTH1677 combined with immune checkpoint inhibitor pembrolizumab...
March 2020: Anticancer Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31733238/structural-characterization-and-immunomodulatory-activity-of-a-novel-polysaccharide-from-pueraria-lobata-willd-ohwi-root
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zhou Dong, Mengmeng Zhang, Huixian Li, Qiping Zhan, Furao Lai, Hui Wu
A novel polysaccharide with a molecular weight of 12.3 kDa, was isolated from the root of Pueraria lobata (Willd.) Ohwi using cold water extraction method. Methylation analysis, Periodate oxidation, Smith degradation, and nuclear magnetic resonance analysis showed that 1,4-α-D-Glcp and 1,3,6-α-D-Glcp were the main linkage types of this polysaccharide. It exhibited immunomodulatory activity by enhancing the pinocytic and phagocytic capacities and promoting the secretion of nitric oxide, interleukin (IL)-6, and tumor necrosis factor alpha by RAW 264...
November 13, 2019: International Journal of Biological Macromolecules
https://read.qxmd.com/read/31480495/prediction-of-pd-l1-expression-in-neuroblastoma-via-computational-modeling
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Salvo Danilo Lombardo, Mario Presti, Katia Mangano, Maria Cristina Petralia, Maria Sofia Basile, Massimo Libra, Saverio Candido, Paolo Fagone, Emanuela Mazzon, Ferdinando Nicoletti, Alessia Bramanti
Immunotherapy is a promising new therapeutic approach for neuroblastoma (NBM): an anti-GD2 vaccine combined with orally administered soluble beta-glucan is undergoing a phase II clinical trial and nivolumab and ipilimumab are being tested in recurrent and refractory tumors. Unfortunately, predictive biomarkers of response to immunotherapy are currently not available for NBM patients. The aim of this study was to create a computational network model simulating the different intracellular pathways involved in NBM, in order to predict how the tumor phenotype may be influenced to increase the sensitivity to anti-programmed cell death-ligand-1 (PD-L1)/programmed cell death-1 (PD-1) immunotherapy...
August 31, 2019: Brain Sciences
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