Allergic diseases

INTRODUCTION: Schizophyllum commune (S. commune) is an opportunistic pathogenic fungus and can cause infection of the respiratory system in immunocompromised hosts. Allergic bronchopulmonary mycosis (ABPM) is the major disease caused by S. commune. However, identification of S. commune using routine mycological diagnostic methods is difficult. It is easy to make mistakes in diagnosis and treatment, resulting in deterioration of the disease. We report the first case of ABPM due to S. commune in a Chinese patient with chronic hepatitis B...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Purpose: In 2005, the Food and Drug Administration (FDA) issued a decision memorandum regarding nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs). The memorandum recommended the withdrawal of certain NSAIDs due to potential cardiovascular adverse effects. It highlighted the issue of cardiovascular risk associated with NSAIDs as a class. The NSAID medication guide includes a wide range of adverse drug reactions (ADRs), such as increased blood pressure, liver failure, allergic reactions, heart attack, and intestinal bleeding...

OBJECTIVE: Many healthcare workers (HCWs) hesitated or refused to receive the COVID-19 vaccines during the pandemic. The attitudes of HCWs toward vaccines have an impact on society and patients. In this study, we aimed to investigate the reasons for vaccine hesitancy and refusal among HCWs during the COVID pandemic. MATERIALS AND METHODS: We planned a two-step descriptive survey study. In the first step, we surveyed the unvaccinated HCWs in our hospital face-to-face after the first vaccination program...

Particulate matter (PM) significantly contributes to the global health crisis of respiratory diseases. It is known to induce and exacerbate conditions such as asthma and respiratory infections. Long exposure to PM can increase the risk of combined allergic rhinitis and asthma syndrome (CARAS). Although therapeutic drugs can be used to improve symptoms of respiratory diseases caused by PM, their usage is often accompanied by side effects. Therefore, many studies are being conducted to discover functional food materials that can more effectively treat respiratory diseases while minimizing the side effects of these therapeutic drugs...

Human milk oligosaccharides (HMOs) are vital milk carbohydrates that help promote the microbiota-dependent growth and immunity of infants. Sialic acid (SA) is a crucial component of sialylated milk oligosaccharides (S-MOs); however, the effects of SA supplementation in lactating mothers on S-MO biosynthesis and their breastfed infants are unknown. Probiotic intervention during pregnancy or lactation demonstrates promise for modulating the milk glycobiome. Here, we evaluated whether SA and a probiotic (Pro) mixture could increase S-MO synthesis in lactating mothers and promote the microbiota development of their breastfed neonates...

Allergic asthma has emerged as a prevalent allergic disease worldwide, affecting most prominently both young individuals and lower-income populations in developing and developed countries. To devise effective and curative immunotherapy, it is crucial to comprehend the intricate nature of this condition, characterized by an immune response imbalance that favors a proinflammatory profile orchestrated by diverse subsets of immune cells. Although the involvement of Natural Killer T (NKT) cells in asthma pathology is frequently implied, their specific contributions to disease onset and progression remain incompletely understood...

The risk of cancer is higher in patients with asthma compared to those with allergic rhinitis for many types of cancer, except for certain cancers where a contrasting pattern is observed. This study offers a potential explanation for these observations, proposing that the premalignant levels of circulating transforming growth factor-β (TGF-β), IL-1β, and IL-6 as well as the reactivity of the TGF-β/Smad signaling pathway at the specific cancer site, are crucial factors contributing to the observed disparities...

Objective: Cyanoacrylate closure (CAC) is a minimally invasive technique for the treatment of varicose veins. A recent paper reported serious adverse events (AEs) associated with this use. This triggered an urgent survey to determine the incidence of AEs in Japan. Methods: The CAC-AE survey was sent to all 1,030 institutions authorized for CAC treatments. Cases performed between January 2020 and October 2023 were surveyed. Data on serious AEs and mortality were collected. Results: There were 623 surveys returned...

OBJECTIVE: To provide a summary of the noteworthy medical articles published in 2023 that are relevant to family physicians. SELECTING THE EVIDENCE: Articles were chosen and ranked by the PEER (Patients, Experience, Evidence, Research) team, a group of primary care health professionals focused on evidence-based medicine. The selection process involved routine surveillance of tables of contents in high-impact medical journals and continuous monitoring of EvidenceAlerts...

BACKGROUND: The COVID-19 pandemic brought unprecedented global disruption to both healthcare providers and patients with respiratory allergies. There are limited real-life data on the impact of the COVID-19 pandemic on the risk perception of patients with allergy treated with allergen immunotherapy (AIT). OBJECTIVE: To understand the risk perception of allergic patients treated with sublingual immunotherapy (SLIT) before and during the pandemic, and their attitudes towards COVID-19 infection and vaccination...

BACKGROUND: Several observational studies suggest a possible link between lipid-lowering drugs and allergic diseases. However, inferring causality from these studies can be challenging due to issues such as bias, reverse causation, and residual confounding. To investigate the potential causal effect of lipid-lowering drugs, proprotein convertase subtilisin/kexin type 9 (PCSK9) inhibitors and 3-hydroxy-3-methyl-glutaryl-coenzyme A reductase (HMGCR) inhibitors, on allergic diseases (allergic asthma, allergic conjunctivitis, atopic dermatitis, allergic rhinitis, and allergic urticaria), we performed a Mendelian randomization (MR)-based study...

BACKGROUND: Interleukin (IL)-26 is produced by T helper type 17 (Type 17) cells and exerts immunomodulatory plus antimicrobial effects. Previous studies show that local IL-26 concentrations in the airways are higher in patients with uncontrolled than in those with controlled asthma, and that this intriguing cytokine bears biomarker potential. Here, we determined how systemic IL-26 relates to allergen sensitization, asthma severity, and to IL-17 A in children. METHODS: Serum samples were obtained from children with (n = 60) and without (n = 17) sensitization to dog allergen, and IL-26 and IL-17 A protein concentrations were measured using ELISA...

BACKGROUND: Asthma is a common disease characterized by chronic inflammation of the lower airways, bronchial hyperactivity, and (reversible) airway obstruction. The Global Initiative of Asthma Guideline recommends a flowchart to diagnose asthma with first-step spirometry with reversibility and a bronchial challenge test (BPT) with histamine or methacholine as a second step [1]. The BPT is considered burdensome, time-consuming for patients and staff, can cause side effects, and is expensive...

Introduction  Despite the high level of patient satisfaction with functional endoscopic sinus surgery (FESS) and the clinical improvement, polyp recurrence is observed in 23% to 87% of patients and requires reoperation. Objective  To assess the prognostic value of polypoid changes of the middle turbinate (PCMT) in relapse of paranasal sinus polyps in patients with chronic rhinosinusitis with nasal polyp (CRSwNP) after FESS and the effect of partial middle turbinectomy (PMT) on the outcome of surgery...

Knowing the spectrum, prevalence, and modes of diagnosis of pulmonary aspergillosis (PA) will be beneficial to clinicians for its early diagnosis and management. This study aims to estimate the prevalence, spectrum, and role of serological tests and radiological findings in the diagnosis of PA. A total of 150 patients were suspected of having PA after obtaining relevant clinical history and radiological imaging. The patients were grouped into each spectrum of PA as invasive PA (IPA), chronic necrotizing PA (CNPA), aspergilloma, allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis (ABPA) based on predisposing factors, clinical and radiological findings, and the guidelines of the European Organization for Research and Treatment of Cancer/Invasive Fungal Infections Cooperative Group and the National Institute of Allergy and Infectious Diseases Mycoses Study Group (EORTC/MSG)...

Allergic rhinitis, one of the common diseases in otolaryngology, has shown an increasing incidence under the influence of various geographical, cultural and economic factors, making it a common and serious global public health problem. Modern medicine uses medication as the primary therapy for allergic rhinitis, but poor symptom control and easy relapse are the disadvantages of this treatment. However, Traditional Chinese medicine, with its long history, has treated allergic rhinitis by symptomatic treatment according to pattern differentiation with its unique insights and methods, which are effective and safe in numerous clinical studies...

The pathogenesis of allergic bronchopulmonary aspergillosis involves not only eosinophils but also plasma cells that produce immunoglobulin E. Dupilumab may be an effective alternative to corticosteroids because it inhibits T cell to plasma cell differentiation by blocking IL4.

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BACKGROUND: The present systematic review aims to investigate the guidelines for prescribing Preventive Antibiotic Therapy (PAT) in the placement of dental implants (DIs) without anatomical constraints in healthy patients by clinicians in Europe and to compare them with current recommendations. MATERIAL AND METHODS: A search was performed in 4 databases: Medline (via PubMed), Web of Science, Scopus, and LILACS. The criteria employed were those described in the PRISMA (Preferred Reporting Items for Systematic Reviews and Meta-Analysis) declaration (PROSPERO Registration number: CRD42022382278)...