Supinator

INTRODUCTION: In acute oral poisoning, any first aid intervention that limits or delays the uptake of the ingested substance, and which can be performed by bystanders as first responders, might assist in reducing morbidity if a toxic substance has been ingested. The current recommendation by the International Federation of Red Cross/Red Crescent Societies is to place a victim in the left lateral decubitus position. OBJECTIVE: The aim of this PRISMA compliant systematic review is to assess whether the current recommendation by the International Federation of Red Cross/Red Crescent Societies decreases or delays the absorption of an orally ingested poison...

BACKGROUND: Cardiovagal control is known to be reduced in major depressive disorder (MDD), however, the neurocardiac reflex control to distinct types of stressors is still unclear. We aimed to study parasympathetically mediated cardiac reflex functioning in response to mental and physiological stressors using heart rate variability (HRV) linear and nonlinear analysis in adolescent MDD. METHODS: We examined 60 adolescents (40 girls) with MDD (age 14.9 ± 0.3 years) and 60 age and gender-matched controls...

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PURPOSE: The aim of the present study was to assess the efficacy of a sleep position trainer (SPT) in patients with an established diagnosis of positional obstructive sleep apnea and to evaluate the adherence after 1-year follow-up. METHODS: Polysomnography (PSG) was performed at baseline and after 1 year of SPT use. Patients received questionnaires to assess treatment satisfaction and subjective adherence. Data on objective adherence and number of vibrations initiated by the SPT were collected from the SPT device...

The aim of this study was to systematically review the measurement properties of instruments which assess cervical spine function in infants with torticollis. Electronic searches were performed in MEDLINE, CINAHL, Embase, Web of Science and the Cochrane Library, combining three constructs ('torticollis', 'cervical spine assessment' and 'measurement properties'). Two reviewers independently rated the methodological quality and the quality of measurement properties of identified articles, using both the COSMIN (COnsensus-based Standards for the selection of health status Measurement INstruments) checklist and quality criteria for measurement properties...

Arthrogryposis is a group of phenotypically and genetically heterogeneous disorders characterized by congenital contractures of two or more parts of the body; the pathogenesis and the causative genes of arthrogryposis remain undetermined. We examined a four-generation arthrogryposis pedigree characterized by camptodactyly, limited forearm supination, and loss of myofibers in the forearms and hands. By using whole-exome sequencing, we confirmed MET p.Y1234C mutation to be responsible for arthrogryposis in this pedigree...

PURPOSE: To investigate whether the location of distal radius osteotomy/shortening relative to the radial insertion of the distal interosseous membrane (DIOM) is correlated with distal radioulnar joint (DRUJ) instability. We hypothesized that distal radius osteotomy and shortening proximal to the DIOM insertion would result in increased DRUJ instability because of induced laxity in the DIOM. METHODS: Osteotomies of the distal radius were performed proximal and distal to the DIOM insertion in 14 fresh-frozen cadaveric specimens...

PURPOSE: To develop and assess a non-invasive two-step method for evaluating the relationship between the parietal pleura and peripheral pulmonary lesions to preoperatively exclude invasion or focal pleural adhesion by multidetector computed tomography (CT). METHODS: Twenty-six patients with pulmonary peripheral lesions who underwent surgical lung resection between May and December 2017 were enrolled in this study. Routine CT was performed in the inspiratory phase in the supine position...

Purpose: This first Korean prospective study is to evaluate the feasibility of prone breast radiotherapy after breast conserving surgery for left breast cancer patients who have relatively small breast size and we present dosimetric comparison between prone and supine positions. Materials and Methods: Fifty patients underwent two computed tomography (CT) simulations in supine and prone positions. Whole breast, ipsilateral lung, heart, and left-anterior-descending coronary artery were contoured on each simulation CT images...

An os trigonum is a potential source of posterior ankle pain in dancers, often associated with flexor hallucis longus (FHL) pathology. Surgical excision is indicated on failure of nonoperative management. Options for surgical excision include open excision (via a posterolateral or posteromedial approach), subtalar arthroscopy, and posterior endoscopy. Os trigonum excision via an open posteromedial approach with concomitant FHL tenolysis/tenosynovectomy is a safe and effective method for the operative treatment of a symptomatic os trigonum that allows for identification and treatment of associated FHL pathology...

Background: Iliopsoas fractional lengthening (IFL) is performed on patients with symptomatic internal snapping. This condition is defined as painful and sometimes audible snapping of the iliopsoas (IP) tendon over the femoral head or iliopectineal line. Arthroscopic IFL is performed if the snapping is unresponsive to conservative treatment1,2 . Description: Hip arthroscopy is performed with the patient in the supine position on a traction table. The portals used to access the joint capsule include standard anterolateral, mid-anterior, and distal anterolateral accessory (DALA) portals3 ...

Background and Aims: Many unilateral lower limb orthopedic surgeries are conducted under unilateral spinal anesthesia with full flexion of spine and immediate extension after local anesthetic administration into the subarachnoid space. Studies have shown that extension of the spine in lateral decubitous position makes cauda equina to sink to the dependent side due to gravity. Continuous flexion of the spine causes sunken cauda equina to be suspended in the middle of the subarachnoid space increasing the possibility of unilateralization of the block...

[Purpose] The purpose of this study was to compare the range of motion (ROM) during supine-to-sitting position (StSP) movement between healthy young and elderly participants to understand age-related tendencies, which is beneficial for the assessment and treatment of frail elderly. [Participants and Methods] The participants were 14 healthy young males (age, 19-24 years) and 16 healthy elderly individuals (8 males and 8 females; age, 65-74 years). Rising movement was performed 5 times freely at a comfortable speed...

Postural orthostatic tachycardia syndrome (POTS) is a condition in which a change from a supine to an upright position causes an abnormally large increase in heart rate which may be accompanied by a variety of physical complaints. We report two cases illustrating the heterogeneity of this syndrome. We give an update on the etiology of POTS, which is still poorly understood, and its overlap with other syndromes such as chronic fatigue syndrome. Clinicians should be aware of POTS, a fairly common clinical entity, that can result in significant impairments to a patient's quality of life...

BACKGROUND: To date, there have been no studies describing the characteristics of posteromedial fragment in the posterior malleolus fracture. The aim was to investigate the variability of posteromedial fracture fragments to enable better surgical planning. METHODS: All Mason and Molloy type 2B fractures, defined as fracture of both the posterolateral and the posteromedial fragments of the posterior malleolus, from our database were identified to analyze the preoperative computed tomography scan...

BACKGROUND: Wallstents (Boston Scientific, Marlborough, Mass) are most commonly used in iliac-caval stenting. Approximately 20% of stented limbs require reintervention to correct in-stent restenosis (ISR) or stent compression (SC). Corrective balloon dilation to rated stent caliber (isodilation) is not always successful. We investigated whether modest overdilation of the Wallstent by 2 to 4 mm (10%-20%) beyond the rated diameter would yield better mechanical clearance of ISR/SC, leading to a larger flow channel, improved conductance, reduction of peripheral venous pressure, and better clinical outcome...

BACKGROUND: The provision of guidance in ventilator therapy by continuous monitoring of regional lung ventilation, aeration and respiratory system mechanics is the main clinical benefit of electrical impedance tomography (EIT). A new application was recently described in critically ill patients undergoing diagnostic bronchoalveolar lavage (BAL) with the intention of using EIT to identify the region where sampling was performed. Increased electrical bioimpedance was reported after fluid instillation...

PURPOSE: Cerebral oxygenation as measured by near-infrared spectroscopy (NIRS) might be useful to discriminate between physiological and pathological responses after standing up in individuals with orthostatic hypotension. This study addressed the physiological sensitivity of the cerebral oxygenation responses as measured by NIRS to different types and speeds of postural changes in healthy adults and assessed the reliability of these responses. METHODS: Cerebral oxygenated hemoglobin (O2 Hb), deoxygenated hemoglobin (HHb) and tissue saturation index (TSI) were measured bilaterally on the forehead of 15 healthy individuals (12 male, age range 18-27) using NIRS...

PURPOSE: Hyperextension-distraction type injury of the thoracolumbar spine is an unstable fracture pattern that generally necessitates surgical stabilization by posterior instrumentation. Care must be taken when positioning these patients from supine to prone due to the unstable nature of their injury. The study objectives were (1) to describe a novel modification of the Jackson table turn technique, which may be safer and more effective than the conventional log-roll method and traditional Jackson table technique for positioning patients with hyperextension-distraction injuries of the thoracolumbar spine from supine to prone in the operating room and (2) to present two cases in which this technique was successfully performed...

NEW FINDINGS: What is the central question of this study? There is growing interest on the effects of sedentarism on central and peripheral cardiovascular health. To permit further investigation, including in larger epidemiological studies, there is a need to identify arterial health assessment tools that are valid (accurate) and reliable (precise), yet practical. What is the main finding and its importance? Lower-limb vascular health (femoral-ankle pulse-wave velocity) can be determined in a supine position with accuracy and precision using an oscillometric-based device...