keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38407351/correction-myeloid-heterogeneity-mediates-acute-exacerbations-of-pulmonary-fibrosis
#21
Jennifer L Larson-Casey, Komal Saleem, Ranu Surolia, Jyotsana Pandey, Matthias Mack, Veena B Antony, Sandeep Bodduluri, Surya P Bhatt, Steven R Duncan, A Brent Carter
We thank Denise Stanford and the UAB Cystic Fibrosis Research Center Assay Core (The University of Alabama at Birmingham, Birmingham, AL) for assistance with microCT acquisition and image processing. Additional support was provided by the UAB Research and Development Program from the Cystic Fibrosis Foundation (Grant ROWE19RO [DAVIS]).
February 26, 2024: Journal of Immunology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38398417/are-artificial-intelligence-assisted-three-dimensional-histological-reconstructions-reliable-for-the-assessment-of-trabecular-microarchitecture
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
János Báskay, Dorottya Pénzes, Endre Kontsek, Adrián Pesti, András Kiss, Bruna Katherine Guimarães Carvalho, Miklós Szócska, Bence Tamás Szabó, Csaba Dobó-Nagy, Dániel Csete, Attila Mócsai, Orsolya Németh, Péter Pollner, Eitan Mijiritsky, Márton Kivovics
Objectives: This study aimed to create a three-dimensional histological reconstruction through the AI-assisted classification of tissues and the alignment of serial sections. The secondary aim was to evaluate if the novel technique for histological reconstruction accurately replicated the trabecular microarchitecture of bone. This was performed by conducting micromorphometric measurements on the reconstruction and comparing the results obtained with those of microCT reconstructions. Methods: A bone biopsy sample was harvested upon re-entry following sinus floor augmentation...
February 15, 2024: Journal of Clinical Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38395738/enhanced-remineralisation-ability-and-antibacterial-properties-of-sol-gel-glass-ionomer-cement-modified-by-fluoride-containing-strontium-based-bioactive-glass-or-strontium-containing-fluorapatite
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Oranich Thongsri, Paritat Thaitalay, Sawitri Srisuwan, Sasikamon Khophai, Sanong Suksaweang, Catleya Rojviriya, Piyaphong Panpisutd, Somying Patntirapong, Julie Gough, Sirirat Tubsungnoen Rattanachan
OBJECTIVES: This study aimed to compare two types of bioactive additives which were strontium-containing fluorinated bioactive glass (SrBGF) or strontium-containing fluorapatite (SrFA) added to sol-gel derived glass ionomer cement (SGIC). The objective was to develop antibacterial and mineralisation properties, using bioactive additives, to minimize the occurrence of caries lesions in caries disease. METHODS: Synthesized SrBGF and SrFA nanoparticles were added to SGIC at 1 wt% concentration to improve antibacterial properties against S...
February 23, 2024: Dental Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38388725/microcomputed-tomographic-evaluation-of-6-niti-files-on-the-pericervical-dentin-and-the-smallest-dentin-thickness-zones-in-mesial-root-canals-of-mandibular-molars-an-in-vitro-study
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
María de Las Nieves Pérez Morales, José Antonio González Sánchez, Firas Elmsmari, Fernando Duran-Sindreu, Phil Salmon, David E Jaramillo, Juan Gonzalo Olivieri
OBJECTIVE: The aim of this study was to evaluate six files on the pericervical dentin (PCD) and the smallest dentin thickness zones (SDTZ) in mesial root canals of mandibular molars. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Sixty mandibular molars with two mesial canals and Vertucci configuration were aleatory allocated in 6 experimental groups of 10 molars and 20 root canals. Specimens were scanned before instrumentation using the SkyScan 1275 (Bruker microCT, Kontich, Belgium)...
February 22, 2024: Clinical Oral Investigations
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38385868/semi-automated-microct-analysis-of-bone-anatomy-and-mineralization-in-mouse-models
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Frantisek Spoutil, Sylvie Dlugosova, Igor Varga, Goretti Aranaz-Novaliches, Vendula Novosadova, Michaela Prochazkova, Radislav Sedlacek, Jan Prochazka
The skeletal system mirrors several processes in the vertebrate body that impact developmental malfunctions, hormonal disbalance, malfunction of calcium metabolism and turn over, and inflammation processes such as arthrosis. X-ray micro computed tomography is a useful tool for 3D in situ evaluation of the skeletal system in a time-related manner, but results depend highly on resolution. Here, we provide the methodological background for a graduated evaluation from whole-body analysis of skeletal morphology and mineralization to high-resolution analysis of femoral and vertebral microstructure...
February 2024: Current protocols
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38381833/from-breast-cancer-cell-homing-to-the-onset-of-early-bone-metastasis-the-role-of-bone-re-modeling-in-early-lesion-formation
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Sarah A E Young, Anna-Dorothea Heller, Daniela S Garske, Maximilian Rummler, Victoria Qian, Agnes Ellinghaus, Georg N Duda, Bettina M Willie, Anika Grüneboom, Amaia Cipitria
Breast cancer often metastasizes to bone, causing osteolytic lesions. Structural and biophysical changes are rarely studied yet are hypothesized to influence metastasis. We developed a mouse model of early bone metastasis and multimodal imaging to quantify cancer cell homing, bone (re)modeling, and onset of metastasis. Using tissue clearing and three-dimensional (3D) light sheet fluorescence microscopy, we located enhanced green fluorescent protein-positive cancer cells and small clusters in intact bones and quantified their size and spatial distribution...
February 23, 2024: Science Advances
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38360985/ozone-therapy-effect-in-medication-related-osteonecrosis-of-the-jaw-as-prevention-or-treatment-microtomographic-confocal-laser-microscopy-and-histomorphometric-analysis
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maísa Pereira-Silva, Henrique Hadad, Laís Kawamata de Jesus, Maria Eduarda de Freitas Santana Oliveira, Juliano Milanezi de Almeida, Heloisa Helena Nímia, Osvaldo Magro Filho, Roberta Okamoto, Sérgio Bruzadelli Macedo, Celso Fernando Palmieri Junior, Francisley Ávila Souza
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the efficacy of ozone therapy in the preoperative (prevention) and/or postoperative (treatment) of MRONJ. MATERIAL AND METHODS: Forty male Wistar rats were caudally treated with zoledronic acid (ZOL) and to ozone therapy before extraction (prevention, POG), after extraction (treatment, TOG), or both (prevention and treatment, TPOG), and treated with saline (SAL). The animals received intramuscular fluorochrome (calcein and alizarin), and 28 days postoperatively, they were euthanized, and the tissues were subjected to microtomographic computed tomography (microCT), LASER confocal, and histomorphometric analyses...
February 16, 2024: Clinical Oral Investigations
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38348858/the-inhibitory-effect-of-nsaids-and-opioids-on-spinal-fusion-an-animal-model
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mark J Lambrechts, Nicholas D D'Antonio, Jeremy C Heard, Goutham Yalla, Brian A Karamian, Dessislava Z Markova, Christopher K Kepler
STUDY DESIGN: Translational Research. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the relative effects of NSAIDs, opioids, and a combination of the two on spinal fusion inhibition in a rodent model. SUMMARY OF BACKGROUND DATA: Nonsteroidal anti-inflammatory drugs (NSAIDs) and opioids are common postoperative analgesic agents. Since NSAIDs inhibit the cyclooxygenase (COX) pathway they are seldom prescribed following spinal fusion. Opioids may be given instead, but recent evidence suggests opioids also adversely affect spinal fusion quality and success...
February 13, 2024: Spine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38346366/a-3d-fea-study-on-the-impact-of-different-preparation-forms-and-materials-on-posterior-occlusal-veneers
#29
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junchen Xu, Junchi Ma, Zhaolin Tan, Qi Zhang, Jian Hu, Jin Li
OBJECTIVES: To study the stress distribution and bonding performance in posterior occlusal veneers and tooth bodies under different preparation forms and materials. METHODS: An isolated lower right first molar was prepared with non-retention type (type A), cavity-retained type (type B), and encircling-retention type (type C) forms. MicroCT images of the tooth were obtained and digitally converted into three-dimensional solid models. Three-dimensional models of veneers for the three abutment teeth were designed, fabricated, and divided into nine models (AEM , ALU , AVE , BEM , BLU , BVE , CEM , CLU, and CVE ) according to the material used (E...
February 8, 2024: Journal of the Mechanical Behavior of Biomedical Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38340886/micrometer-scale-structure-in-shark-vertebral-centra
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
S R Stock, U Kierdorf, K C James, P D Shevchenko, L J Natanson, S Gomez, H Kierdorf
The vertebral centra of sharks consist of cartilage, and many species' centra contain a bioapatite related to that in bone. Centra microarchitectures at the 0.5-50 µm scale do not appear to have been described previously. This study examines centrum microarchitecture in lamniform and carcharhiniform sharks with synchrotron microComputed Tomography (microCT), scanning electron microscopy and spectroscopy and light microscopy. The analysis centers on the blue shark (carcharhiniform) and shortfin mako (lamniform), species studied with all three modalities...
February 8, 2024: Acta Biomaterialia
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38340520/a-morphofunctional-study-of-the-jumping-apparatus-in-globular-springtails
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Fábio G L Oliveira, Adrian A Smith
Springtails are notable for their jumping apparatus and latch-mediated spring mechanism. The challenge, in the light of the tiny size and rapid movement of these organisms, has been to understand the morphological intricacies of this spring system. This study takes an approach that integrates SEM, MicroCT, cLSM and high-speed video recordings to understand the composition and functionality of the jumping apparatus in Megalothorax minimus (Neelipleona), Dicyrtomina ornata and Dicyrtomina minuta (Symphypleona)...
February 9, 2024: Arthropod Structure & Development
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38337220/the-phenotype-of-mesenchymal-stromal-cell-and-articular-chondrocyte-cocultures-on-highly-porous-bilayer-poly-l-lactic-acid-scaffolds-produced-by-thermally-induced-phase-separation-and-supplemented-with-hydroxyapatite
#32
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wally Ferraro, Aurelio Civilleri, Clemens Gögele, Camilla Carbone, Ilenia Vitrano, Francesco Carfi Pavia, Valerio Brucato, Vincenzo La Carrubba, Christian Werner, Kerstin Schäfer-Eckart, Gundula Schulze-Tanzil
Bilayer scaffolds could provide a suitable topology for osteochondral defect repair mimicking cartilage and subchondral bone architecture. Hence, they could facilitate the chondro- and osteogenic lineage commitment of multipotent mesenchymal stromal cells (MSCs) with hydroxyapatite, the major inorganic component of bone, stimulating osteogenesis. Highly porous poly-L-lactic acid (PLLA) scaffolds with two layers of different pore sizes (100 and 250 µm) and hydroxyapatite (HA) supplementation were established by thermally induced phase separation (TIPS) to study growth and osteogenesis of human (h) MSCs...
January 25, 2024: Polymers
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38334466/xylem-dwelling-pathogen-unaffected-by-local-xylem-vessel-network-properties-in-grapevines-vitis-spp
#33
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ana Clara Fanton, Martin Bouda, Craig Brodersen
BACKGROUND AND AIMS: Xylella fastidiosa (Xf) is the xylem-dwelling bacterium associated with Pierce's Disease (PD), which causes mortality in agriculturally important species, such as grapevine (Vitis vinifera L.). Development of PD symptoms in grapevines depends on the ability of Xf to produce cell wall-degrading enzymes to break up intervessel pit membranes and systematically spread through xylem vessel network. Our objective was to investigate whether PD resistance could be mechanistically linked to xylem vessel network local connectivity...
February 9, 2024: Annals of Botany
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38322576/metformin-alleviates-genetic-and-traumatic-heterotopic-ossification-by-inhibiting-infiltration-and-mitochondrial-metabolism-of-myeloid-cells
#34
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Haitao Fan, Qirong Cheng, Keqiong Lin, Liangju Gong, Chen Kan, Siying Wang, Hong Zheng
OBJECTIVES: Heterotopic ossification (HO), whether hereditary or traumatic, refers to the abnormal formation of bone in extraskeletal sites, often triggered by inflammation or flare-ups. Unfortunately, there are currently no effective treatments for HO. Metformin is well-known for its anti-diabetic, anti-inflammatory, anti-aging, and anti-cancer effects. However, its potential role in treating HO remains uncertain. METHODS: Metformin was dissolved into water and given to mice...
2024: American Journal of Translational Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38321098/three-dimensional-correlative-microscopy-of-the-drosophila-female-reproductive-tract-reveals-modes-of-communication-in-seminal-receptacle-sperm-storage
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Einat Zelinger, Vlad Brumfeld, Katya Rechav, Daniel Waiger, Tally Kossovsky, Yael Heifetz
In many taxa, females store sperm in specialized storage organs. Most insect sperm storage organs have a tubular structure, typically consisting of a central lumen surrounded by epithelial cells. These specialized tubules perform the essential tasks of transporting sperm through the female reproductive tract and supporting long-term sperm survival and function. Little is known about the way in which female sperm storage organs provide an environment conducive to sperm survival. We address this using a combined light microscopy, micro computed tomography (microCT), and Focused Ion Beam Scanning Electron Microscopy (FIB-SEM) approach for high-resolution correlative three-dimensional imaging to advance our understanding of sperm-female interactions in Drosophila melanogaster...
February 6, 2024: Communications Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38317614/reassessing-trauma-in-a-late-neolithic-cranium-from-megalitho-da-capella-figueira-da-foz-portugal
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
John Charles Willman, Dany Coutinho Nogueira, Ana Maria Silva
The Megalitho da Capella (Figueira da Foz, Coimbra, Portugal) is one of at least 21 dolmens in a megalithic complex explored by António dos Santos Rocha between 1880 and 1909. Among the human remains from Megalitho da Capella is an incomplete and fragmented cranium. Santos Rocha interpreted a groove on the parietal bone as an incision of traumatic origin with signs of remodeling that was suggestive of prolonged survival after an intentional intervention. This study provides a new examination of the groove using microcomputed tomographic (microCT) imaging, microscopy, and macroscopic observations of the groove in addition to the direct dating the skeletal remains...
January 29, 2024: Anthropologischer Anzeiger; Bericht über die Biologisch-anthropologische Literatur
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38315701/aromatase-deficiency-in-transplanted-bone-marrow-cells-improves-vertebral-trabecular-bone-quantity-connectivity-and-mineralization-and-decreases-cortical-porosity-in-murine-bone-marrow-transplant-recipients
#37
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Katie Rubitschung, Amber Sherwood, Rasesh Kapadia, Yin Xi, Asghar Hajibeigi, Katya B Rubinow, Joseph E Zerwekh, Orhan K Öz
Estradiol is an important regulator of bone accumulation and maintenance. Circulating estrogens are primarily produced by the gonads. Aromatase, the enzyme responsible for the conversion of androgens to estrogen, is expressed by bone marrow cells (BMCs) of both hematopoietic and nonhematopoietic origin. While the significance of gonad-derived estradiol to bone health has been investigated, there is limited understanding regarding the relative contribution of BMC derived estrogens to bone metabolism. To elucidate the role of BMC derived estrogens in male bone, irradiated wild-type C57BL/6J mice received bone marrow cells transplanted from either WT (WT(WT)) or aromatase-deficient (WT(ArKO)) mice...
2024: PloS One
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38315570/trophic-niche-drives-the-evolution-of-craniofacial-shape-in-trinidadian-guppies
#38
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Dave G Matthews, David N Reznick, Terry R Dial
Diverse clades of fishes adapted to feeding on the benthos repeatedly converge on steep craniofacial profiles and shorter, wider heads. But in an incipient radiation, to what extent is this morphological evolution measurable and can we distinguish the relative genetic vs. plastic effects? We use the Trinidadian guppy (Poecilia reticulata) to test the repeatability of adaptation and the alignment of genetic and environmental effects shaping poecilid craniofacial morphology. We compare wild-caught and common garden lab-reared fish to quantify the genetic and plastic components of craniofacial morphology across four populations from two river drainage systems (n=56 total)...
February 5, 2024: Evolution; International Journal of Organic Evolution
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38307369/study-on-the-relationship-between-tea-polyphenols-alleviating-osteoporosis-and-the-changes-of-microorganism-metabolite-intestinal-barrier
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Xin Wen, Panyang Wu, Feng Li, Guofu Pi
Tea polyphenols are known to alleviate osteoporosis; however, the role of intestinal flora in this process has not been studied. This research employed 16s rRNA sequencing and non-targeted metabonomics to investigate the potential link between osteoporosis mitigation and changes in intestinal flora. MicroCT and tissue staining results demonstrated that tea polyphenols improved bone microstructure, modulated bone metabolism, and significantly alleviated osteoporosis. The administration of tea polyphenols led to alterations in the intestinal flora's composition, marked by increased abundance of Firmicutes and Lactobacillus and decreased prevalence of Bacteroidetes and Bacteroides...
January 31, 2024: Microbial Pathogenesis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38304619/bisphosphonates-do-not-affect-healing-of-a-critical-size-defect-in-estrogen-deficient-mice
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Franziska Strunz, Saskia Gentil-Perret, Mark Siegrist, Marc Bohner, Nikola Saulacic, Willy Hofstetter
Bisphosphonates (BP) are anti-resorptive drugs that are widely used to prevent bone loss in osteoporosis. Since inhibition of bone resorption will cause a decrease in bone formation through a process called coupling, it is hypothesized that extended treatment protocols may impair bone healing. In this study, β-tri‑calcium-phosphate (βTCP) ceramics were inserted into critical-size long bone defects in estrogen-deficient mice under BP therapy. The study assessed the benefits of coating the ceramics with Bone Morphogenetic Protein-2 (BMP2) and an engineered BMP2 analogue (L51P) that inactivates BMP antagonists on the healing process, implant resorption, and bone formation...
March 2024: Bone Reports
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