rice abiotic stress

The root-associated microbiota has a close relation to the life activities of plants, and its composition is affected by the rhizospheric environment and plant genotypes. Rice ( Oryza sativa ) was domesticated from the ancestor species Oryza rufipogon . Many important agricultural traits and adversity resistance of rice have changed during a long time of natural domestication and artificial selection. However, the influence of rice genotypes on root microbiota in important agricultural traits remains to be explained...

Serendipita indica induced metabolic reprogramming in colonized plants complements phosphorus-management in improving their tolerance to arsenic stress on multifaceted biological fronts. Restoration of the anthropic damage done to our environment is inextricably linked to devising strategies that are not only economically sound but are self-renewing and ecologically conscious. The dilemma of heavy metal (HM) dietary ingestion, especially arsenic (As), faced by humans and animals alike, necessitates the exploitation of such technologies and the cultivation of healthy and abundant crops...

Soil salinity is a complex abiotic stress that involves several biological pathways. Hence, focusing on a specific or a few salt-tolerant phenotypes is unlikely to provide comprehensive insights into the intricate and interwinding mechanisms that regulate salt responsiveness. In this study, we develop a heuristic framework for systematically integrating and comprehensively evaluating quantitative trait loci (QTL) analyses from multiple stress-related traits obtained by different studies. Making use of a combined set of 46 salinity-related traits from three independent studies that were based on the same chromosome segment substitution line (CSSL) population of rice ( Oryza sativa ), we demonstrate how our approach can address technical biases and limitations from different QTL studies and calling methods...

Rice output has grown globally, yet abiotic factors are still a key cause for worry. Salinity stress seems to have the more impact on crop production out of all abiotic stresses. Currently one of the most significant challenges in paddy breeding for salinity tolerance with the help of QTLs, is to determine the QTLs having the best chance of improving salinity tolerance with the least amount of background noise from the tolerant parent. Minimizing the size of the QTL confidence interval (CI) is essential in order to primarily include the genes responsible for salinity stress tolerance...

In our gene chip analysis, OsSMP2 gene expression was induced under various abiotic stresses, prompting an investigation into its role in drought resistance and ABA signaling. Subsequent experiments, including qRT-PCR and GUS activity detection, affirmed the OsSMP2 gene's predominant induction by drought stress. Subcellular localization experiments indicated the OsSMP2 protein primarily localizes to the cell membrane system. Overexpressing OsSMP2 increased sensitivity to exogenous ABA, reducing drought resistance and leading to reactive oxygen species accumulation under drought stress...

Brassinosteroids (BR) play crucial roles in plant development and abiotic stresses in plants. Exogenous application of BR can significantly enhance cold tolerance in rice. However, the regulatory relationship between cold tolerance and the BR signaling pathway in rice remains largely unknown. Here, we characterized functions of the BR receptor OsBRI1 in response to cold tolerance in rice using its loss-of-function mutant (d61-1). Our results showed that mutant d61-1 was less tolerant to cold stress than wild-type (WT)...

BACKGROUND: Generating elite rice varieties with high yield and superior quality is the main goal of rice breeding programs. Key agronomic traits, including grain size and seed germination characteristics, affect the final yield and quality of rice. The RGA1 gene, which encodes the α-subunit of rice G-protein, plays an important role in regulating rice architecture, seed size and abiotic stress responses. However, whether RGA1 is involved in the regulation of rice quality and seed germination traits is still unclear...

Overexpression of OsDJ-1C in rice improves root architecture, photosynthesis, yield and abiotic stress tolerance through modulating methylglyoxal levels, antioxidant defense, and redox homeostasis. Exposure to abiotic stresses leads to elevated methylglyoxal (MG) levels in plants, impacting seed germination and root growth. In response, the activation of NADPH-dependent aldo-keto reductase and glutathione (GSH)-dependent glyoxalase enzymes helps to regulate MG levels and reduce its toxic effects. However, detoxification may not be carried out effectively due to the limitation of GSH and NADPH in plants under stress...

A relative of cultivated rice (Oryza sativa L.), weedy or red rice (Oryza spp.) is currently recognized as the dominant weed, leading to a drastic loss of yield of cultivated rice due to its highly competitive abilities like producing more tillers, panicles, and biomass with better nutrient uptake. Due to its high nutritional value, antioxidant properties (anthocyanin and proanthocyanin), and nutrient absorption ability, weedy rice is gaining immense research attentions to understand its genetic constitution to augment future breeding strategies and to develop nutrition-rich functional foods...

Plant growth and development are inhibited by the high levels of ions and pH due to soda saline-alkali soil, and the cell wall serves as a crucial barrier against external stresses in plant cells. Proteins in the cell wall play important roles in plant cell growth, morphogenesis, pathogen infection and environmental response. In the current study, the full-length coding sequence of the vegetative cell wall protein gene OsGP1 was characterized from Lj11 ( Oryza sativa longjing11 ), it contained 660 bp nucleotides encoding 219 amino acids...

UNLABELLED: GABA (Gamma-aminobutyric acid) is a non-protein amino acid widely known as major inhibitory neurotransmitter. It is synthesized from glutamate via the enzyme glutamate decarboxylase (GAD). GAD is ubiquitous in all organisms, but only plant GAD has ability to bind Ca2+ /calmodulin (CaM). This kind of binding suppresses the auto-inhibition of Ca2+ /calmodulin binding domain (CaMBD) when the active site of GAD is unfolded resulting in stimulated GAD activity. OsGAD4 is one of the five GAD genes in rice genome...

Sakuranetin plays a key role as a phytoalexin in plant resistance to biotic and abiotic stresses, and possesses diverse health-promoting benefits. However, mature rice seeds do not contain detectable levels of sakuranetin. In the present study, a transgenic rice plant was developed in which the promoter of an endosperm-specific glutelin gene OsGluD-1 drives the expression of a specific enzyme naringenin 7-O-methyltransferase (NOMT) for sakuranetin biosynthesis. The presence of naringenin, which serves as the biosynthetic precursor of sakuranetin made this modification feasible in theory...

INTRODUCTION: Auxin estimation in plant tissues is a crucial component of auxin signaling studies. Despite the availability of various high-throughput auxin quantification methods like LC-MS, GC-MS, HPLC, biosensors, and DR5-gus/gfp-based assays, auxin quantification remains troublesome because these techniques are very expensive and technology intensive and they mostly involve elaborate sample preparation or require the development of transgenic plants. OBJECTIVES: To find a solution to these problems, we made use of an old auxin detection system to quantify microbe derived auxins and modified it to effectively measure auxin levels in rice plants...

The utilization of soybean as a key oil crop to enhance sustainable agriculture has garnered significant attention from researchers. Its lower water requirements compared to rice, along with its reduced environmental impact, including greenhouse gas emissions, improved water quality, enhanced biodiversity, and efficient resource utilization, make it an attractive option. Unfortunately, Iran, like many other developing countries, heavily relies on soybean imports (over 90%) to meet the demand for oil and protein in human and livestock food rations...

Low-temperature chilling is a major abiotic stress leading to reduced rice yield and is a significant environmental threat to food security. Low-temperature chilling studies have focused on physiological changes or coding genes. However, the competitive endogenous RNA mechanism in rice at low temperatures has not been reported. Therefore, in this study, antioxidant physiological indices were combined with whole-transcriptome data through weighted correlation network analysis, which found that the gene modules had the highest correlation with the key antioxidant enzymes superoxide dismutase and peroxidase...

Phosphate (Pi) starvation is a critical factor limiting crop growth, development, and productivity. Rice ( Oryza sativa ) R2R3-MYB transcription factors function in the transcriptional regulation of plant responses to various abiotic stresses and micronutrient deprivation, but little is known about their roles in Pi starvation signaling and Pi homeostasis. Here, we identified the R2R3-MYB transcription factor gene OsMYB58 , which shares high sequence similarity with AtMYB58 . OsMYB58 expression was induced more strongly by Pi starvation than by other micronutrient deficiencies...

Under changing climatic conditions, crop plants are more adversely affected by a combination of various abiotic stresses than by a single abiotic stress. Therefore, it is essential to identify potential donors to multiple abiotic stresses for developing climate-resilient crop varieties. Hence, the present study was undertaken with 41 germplasm accessions comprising native landraces of Tamil Nadu, Prerelease lines and cultivars were screened independently for drought, salinity, and submergence at the seedling stage during Kharif and Rabi 2022-2023...

UNLABELLED: Cold shock domain proteins (CSPs), initially identified in Escherichia coli , have been demonstrated to play a positive role in cold resistance. Previous studies in wheat, rice, and Arabidopsis have indicated the functional conservation of CSPs in cold resistance between bacteria and higher plants. However, the biological functions of PbrCSPs in pear pollen tubes, which represent the fragile reproductive organs highly sensitive to low temperature, remain largely unknown. In this study, a total of 22 CSPs were identified in the seven Rosaceae species, with a focus on characterizing four PbrCSPs in pear ( Pyrus bretschneideri Rehder)...

Perennial ryegrass (Lolium perenne L.) is an outstanding turfgrass and forage cultivated in temperate regions worldwide. However, poor tolerance to extreme cold, heat, or drought limits wide extension and cultivation. DEHYDRATION-RESPONSIVE ELEMENT BINDING FACTOR1s (DREB1s) play a vital role in enhancing plant tolerance to abiotic stress, specifically for low-temperature stress. In this study, a total of 24 LpDREB1 family members were identified from the released genome of perennial ryegrass. Phylogenetic analysis showed that the LpDREB1 genes are divided into 7 groups that have close relationships with rice homologues...

Salinity is a significant abiotic stress factor affecting plant growth, consequently reducing crop yield. Abscisic acid (ABA), a well-known phytohormone, is crucial in conferring resistance to abiotic stress, thus, understanding the mechanisms underlying ABA biosynthesis is crucial. In rice (Oryza sativa L.), OsABA2, a short-chain dehydrogenase protein, has a pivotal role in modulating ABA biosynthesis and salt tolerance by undergoing phosphorylation at Ser197 through mitogen-activated protein kinase OsMPK1...