laboratory haematology

Sickle cell disease (SCD) is a major public health burden worldwide with increasing morbidity and mortality. The study evaluates the risk factors associated with mortality in SCD patients, between the years 2006 and 2020 at three hospitals in Oman. The analysis includes clinical manifestations, haematological, biochemical, and radiological parameters, use of antibiotics, and blood and exchange transfusions. Our cohort included 123 patients (82 males, 41 females), with a median age of 27 (Interquartile Range 21-35 years)...

BACKGROUND: Primary pulmonary lymphoepithelioma-like carcinoma (PPLELC) is a rare yet aggressive malignancy. This study aims to investigate a deep learning model based on hematological indices, referred to as haematological indices-based signature (HIBS), and propose multivariable predictive models for accurate prognosis prediction and assessment of therapeutic response to immunotherapy in PPLELC. METHODS: This retrospective study included 117 patients with PPLELC who received immunotherapy and were randomly divided into a training (n=82) and a validation (n=35) cohort...

Cytogenetic karyotypes such as t(4; 14), del(17p), t(14; 16), t(14; 20), and TP53 mutations are associated with high-risk multiple-myeloma (MM) and indicate poor prognosis. Therefore, cytogenetic testing is extremely important for determining prognosis of MM. However, the aberrant karyotypes reported in the current literature are incomplete. The cytogenetic karyotype 17p gain has not received widespread attention, and its relationship with MM prognosis is unknown; additionally, the prognosis of 17p gain associated with t(4; 14) has not been studied in depth...

BACKGROUND: The Beckman Coulter DxH 900 is a haematological analyser capable of counting and sizing blood cells, and obtaining a complete blood cell count (CBC). This analyses different parameters of red blood cells (RBC), platelets and white blood cells/leukocytes. Some automated CBC counters present limitations due to specimen characteristics, abnormal cells or both factors. In the presence of abnormalities, the DxH 900 has a flagging system, warning the laboratory technician that something needs to be verified...

BACKGROUND: Onchocerciasis causes chronic systemic inflammation. Several studies have used markers such as haemato-biochemical indices to predict the occurrence of systemic inflammation. This study assessed the variability and predictability of haemato-biochemical indices and blood composite ratios (BCRs) in microfilariae positive (MF+) and microfilariae negative (MF-) subgroups of onchocercomata participants. METHODS: One hundred and five (105) MF + and 34 MF- participants were retrospectively recruited into the study...

A male patient in his 60s was admitted to our hospital with symptoms of dyspnoea, asthenia, diaphoresis and acute kidney failure. No tumour or infection was detected in initial screening. However, laboratory examination suggested that the acute kidney failure was due to an intrarenal cause, exhibiting a tubular injury pattern and indications of tumour lysis syndrome. Initial hydration therapy, paired with intravenous rasburicase, rapidly improved the kidney function. Unfortunately, the kidney function deteriorated once again, prompting a kidney biopsy that revealed an aggressive diffuse large B-cell non-Hodgkin lymphoma of the kidney...

OBJECTIVES: The aims of this study were to verify the bile acids (BA) method and to establish reference intervals (RIs) for bile acids (BA) and biochemical and haematological parameters in Croatian pregnant women. METHODS: BA spectrophotometric method verification was performed on Siemens Atellica Solution CH 930 automated analyser using Sentinel reagent. Stability, precision, trueness, linearity, and RIs, as well as lipemia interference were tested according to CLSI guidelines...

OBJECTIVES: In congenital hemolytic anemias (CHA), it is not always possible to determine the specific diagnosis by evaluating clinical findings and conventional laboratory tests. The aim of this study is to evaluate the utility of next-generation sequencing (NGS) and clinical-exome-based copy number variant (CNV) analysis in patients with CHA. METHODS: One hundred and forty-three CHA cases from 115 unrelated families referred for molecular analysis were enrolled in the study...

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BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: Malaria continues to be a significant public health concern in India, with several regions experiencing endemicity and sporadic outbreaks. The prevalence of malaria in blood donors, in India, varies between 0.02% and 0.07%. Common techniques to screen for malaria, in blood donors and patients, include microscopic smear examination and rapid diagnostic tests (RDTs) based on antigen detection. The aim of this study was to evaluate a new fully automated analyser, XN-31, for malaria detection, as compared with current practice of using RDT...

Myomatous erythrocytosis syndrome (MES) is a rare form of secondary erythrocytosis seen with myomas. Here, we present a case of a postmenopausal, nulliparous woman in her 50s incidentally found to have asymptomatic erythrocytosis on routine laboratory work. She was found to have an 18.5 cm myoma and after surgical resection, the patient's haematological values returned to normal ranges after a few weeks. This established the diagnosis as MES. The aetiology of MES continues to remain unknown but is most likely caused by an autonomous production of erythropoietin from the myomatous tissue...

BACKGROUND: Measurements of CD4 T cells and hemoglobin (Hb) are conventionally used to determine the immunological state and disease progression for HIV-infected patients. We obtained a small lightweight point-of-care device, the BD FACSPrestoTM in order to demonstrate its ability to deliver CD4 and Hb analysis in comparison with two larger clinical machines the BDFACSCantoTM analyzer and Sysmex XN 1000 haematology analyzer. The advantages of using the POC device include access to HIV patient data in remote and in resource limited settings...

BACKGROUND: Despite numerous studies, the true scenario of hearing loss in beta-thalassaemia remains rather nebulous. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Pure tone audiometry, chelation therapy, demographics and laboratory data of 376 patients (mean age 38.5 ± 16.6 years, 204 females, 66 non-transfusion-dependent) and 139 healthy controls (mean age 37.6 ± 17.7 years, 81 females) were collected. RESULTS: Patient and control groups did not differ for age (p = 0...

AIMS: Hypertriglyceridaemia (hTG) is associated with atherosclerotic cardiovascular disease, pancreatitis, and non-alcoholic fatty liver disease (NAFLD) in large population-based studies. The understanding of the impact of hereditary hTG and cardiometabolic disease status on the development of hTG and its associated cardiometabolic outcomes is more limited. We aimed to establish a multigenerational cohort to enable studies of the relationship between hTG, cardiometabolic disease and hereditary factors...

Toxocariasis is a zoonosis transmitted by the nematode Toxocara spp. Immunocompromised hosts are more susceptible than general population to bacterial, viral, fungal and parasitic infections. In this population toxocariasis may present as exacerbation or reactivation and could have severe or atypical manifestations being a diagnostic challenge for healthcare providers. We report a case of a presumptive pulmonary toxocariasis during chemotherapy in a patient affected by acute myeloid leukaemia (AML) and Hodgkin lymphoma and we summarize current evidence of pulmonary involvement in immunocompromised population with Toxocara spp infection in a narrative review...

BACKGROUND: Viridans Group Streptococci (VGS) are a group of distinct species that can cause bacteraemia and other invasive infections. They are also among the common organisms causing infective endocarditis. Data on the epidemiology and clinical profile of VGS is limited, especially from India. METHODS: We conducted an electronic medical record-based retrospective analysis of patients with VGS bacteraemia admitted to our hospital between January 2012 to December 2021...

INTRODUCTION: During treatment for malignant lymphoma, cytopenia can develop for several reasons. This can range from mild cytopenias leading to infection and bleeding to full-blown drug-induced aplastic anaemia. While aplastic anaemia affects individuals of all genders and ages, here, we describe aplastic anaemia after chemotherapy exposure to bendamustine in a 65-year-old female with non-Hodgkin's lymphoma. CASE DESCRIPTION: A 65-year-old woman with recurrent indolent marginal zone lymphoma and post-chemotherapy with bendamustine and rituximab, presented with a neutropenic fever and was admitted with a leading diagnosis of sepsis...

Literature regarding prognostic relevance of CD20 antigen expression among paediatric B-lineage acute lymphoblastic leukaemia (B-ALL) patients is sparse and contradictory. We analysed clinical laboratory parameters and survival characteristics pertinent to CD20 expression among 224 treatment-naïve paediatric B-ALL patients. 50% patients had CD20 expression (CD20+ B-ALL). There was no difference in the clinical & laboratory presentation and end of induction measurable residual disease (EOI-MRD) status according to CD20 expression...

BACKGROUND: Inflammatory myopathy and perivasculitis have been recently described in horses with chronic equine piroplasmosis (EP). These alterations may be linked to poor performances. The aims of this study were to evaluate the prevalence for EP in clinically healthy Italian Standardbred (IS) racehorses and to compare laboratory parameters and performance metrics between positive and negative horses. Real-time PCR was applied for the detection of T. equi and B. caballi positivity. Haematology parameters, blood chemistry results, subjective muscle mass scores, and performance metrics were compared between PCR-positive and -negative horses...

BACKGROUND: Detection of anaemia is crucial for clinical medicine and public health. Current WHO anaemia definitions are based on statistical thresholds (fifth centiles) set more than 50 years ago. We sought to establish evidence for the statistical haemoglobin thresholds for anaemia that can be applied globally and inform WHO and clinical guidelines. METHODS: In this analysis we identified international data sources from populations in the USA, England, Australia, China, the Netherlands, Canada, Ecuador, and Bangladesh with sufficient clinical and laboratory information collected between 1998 and 2020 to obtain a healthy reference sample...