Laziness

Abiotic stresses are major limiting factors for maize growth. Therefore, exploration of the mechanisms underlying the response to abiotic stress in maize is of great interest. Toward this end, we performed integration of the feature selection method into the meta-analysis of microarray gene expression. Following extraction of raw data, normalization, and batch effect removal, the data were merged into one expression profile. Differentially expressed genes (DEGs) between control and abiotic conditions were used for the feature selection algorithm to find the minimum features for high-performance classification...

Health scientists have claimed that urban transit workers suffer from higher rates of stress-related disease than workers in most other occupations. This paper examines how a network of scientists and labor organizers constructed the problem of transit worker stress as a global phenomenon. According to study participants, transit workers worldwide are subject to a similar set of stress-related risks, which can serve as a basis for worker solidarity. This paper analyzes how the concept of stress has been used to identify pathogenic environments and considers anthropological claims that the concept often abstracts and depoliticizes harmful arrangements...

All psychiatric phenomena are positively associated, and several different models can account for this observation. These include the correlated factors, network, general psychopathology as outcome, and hierarchical models. Advantages of hierarchical models, which consist of one general and several (general factor-residualized) specific factors, is that the general factor provides an opportunity to reliably measure global distress and impairment, while the specific factors might improve the ability to discriminate between individuals with different kinds of problems...

Plant gravitropism has fascinated scientists for centuries. A new study provides a major mechanistic update of the so-called starch/statolith hypothesis, revealing how gravity perception is converted into a physiological response.

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Timelines are essential for visually communicating chronological narratives and reflecting on the personal and cultural significance of historical events. Existing visualization tools tend to support conventional linear representations, but fail to capture personal idiosyncratic conceptualizations of time. In response, we built TimeSplines, a visualization authoring tool that allows people to sketch multiple free-form temporal axes and populate them with heterogeneous, time-oriented data via incremental and lazy data binding...

PURPOSE: Sickle cell disease (SCD) is an inherited blood disorder characterized by unpredictable episodes of acute pain and numerous health complications. Individuals with SCD often face stigma from the public, including perceptions that they are lazy or weak tending to exaggerate their pain crisis, which can profoundly impact their quality of life (QoL). METHODS: In a qualitative phenomenological study conducted in Cameroon, Ghana, and Tanzania, we explored stakeholders' perceptions of SCD-related stigma using three analytical frameworks: Bronfenbrenner's Ecological Systems Theory; The Health Stigma and Discriminatory Framework; and A Public Health Framework for Reducing Stigma...

In theoretical neuroscience, recent work leverages deep learning tools to explore how some network attributes critically influence its learning dynamics. Notably, initial weight distributions with small (resp. large) variance may yield a rich (resp. lazy) regime, where significant (resp. minor) changes to network states and representation are observed over the course of learning. However, in biology, neural circuit connectivity generally has a low-rank structure and therefore differs markedly from the random initializations generally used for these studies...

Ultrasound image simulation is a well-explored field with the main objective of generating realistic synthetic images, further used as ground truth for computational imaging algorithms, or for radiologists' training. Several ultrasound simulators are already available, most of them consisting in similar steps: (i) generate a collection of tissue mimicking individual scatterers with random spatial positions and random amplitudes, (ii) model the ultrasound probe and the emission and reception schemes, (iii) generate the RF signals resulting from the interaction between the scatterers and the propagating ultrasound waves...

OBJECTIVE: To assess parental beliefs about the causes, treatment, and necessity for medical assistance for children with nocturnal enuresis (NE). METHOD: A self-administered survey questioned parents' beliefs about NE, including causes and at-home behavioral therapy. We evaluated the association between demographic characteristics and the tendency to seek medical advice for NE. RESULT: The questionnaire received responses from 1232 individuals, 77...

Background Personal Hygiene behavior and practices play a major role in health promotion and disease prevention. Socio-demographic, behavioral, and psychological factors sway a person's overall adaptation of good practices. Disease burden leading to loss of productivity and its influence on the economy cannot be overstated. As medical professionals come in contact with a large number of people, they carry the potential to be super-spreaders in disease outbreaks. Thus, it is of utmost importance that medics and paramedics maintain hygiene to the highest standards...

Neural circuits-both in the brain and in "artificial" neural network models-learn to solve a remarkable variety of tasks, and there is a great current opportunity to use neural networks as models for brain function. Key to this endeavor is the ability to characterize the representations formed by both artificial and biological brains. Here, we investigate this potential through the lens of recently developing theory that characterizes neural networks as "lazy" or "rich" depending on the approach they use to solve tasks: lazy networks solve tasks by making small changes in connectivity, while rich networks solve tasks by significantly modifying weights throughout the network (including "hidden layers")...

Gravity controls directional growth of plants, and the classical starch-statolith hypothesis proposed more than a century ago postulates that amyloplast sedimentation in specialized cells initiates gravity sensing, but the molecular mechanism remains uncharacterized. The LAZY proteins are known as key regulators of gravitropism, and lazy mutants show striking gravitropic defects. Here, we report that gravistimulation by reorientation triggers mitogen-activated protein kinase (MAPK) signaling-mediated phosphorylation of Arabidopsis LAZY proteins basally polarized in root columella cells...

The emergence and immune evasion ability of SARS-CoV-2 Omicron strains, mainly BA.5.2 and BF.7 and other variants of concern have raised global apprehensions. With this context, the discovery of multitarget inhibitors may be proven more comprehensive paradigm than its one-drug-to-one target counterpart. In the current study, a library of 271 phytochemicals from 25 medicinal plants from the Indian Himalayan Region has been virtually screened against SARS-CoV-2 by targeting nine virus proteins, viz. , papain-like protease, main protease, nsp12, helicase, nsp14, nsp15, nsp16, envelope, and nucleocapsid for screening of a multi-target inhibitor against the viral replication...

The lazy-wave riser is an input and output riser for a flexible development system, which is widely used in all the riser and pipeline systems. Because of the influence of various factors, its configuration description, control and motion which have a strong nonlinear character are complex during the running process of the lazy-wave riser. Reference to the specific structure and environmental parameters of a certain lazy-wave risers system with a 300 thousand tons FPSO, with the basis of the specific process of the flexible riser system at work, the lazy-wave risers were discretized into lumped mass models, combined with AQWA, the simplified dynamic model of the whole system at the depth of 2100m has been established by the large hydrodynamic analysis software OrcaFlex...

Northern red oak (Quercus rubra L.) is an ecologically and economically important forest tree native to North America. We present a chromosome-scale genome of Q. rubra generated by the combination of PacBio sequences and chromatin conformation capture (Hi-C) scaffolding. This is the first reference genome from the red oak clade (section Lobatae). The Q. rubra assembly spans 739 Mb with 95.27% of the genome in 12 chromosomes and 33,333 protein-coding genes. Comparisons to the genomes of Q. lobata and Q. mongolica revealed high collinearity, with intrachromosomal structural variants present...

Along with a classical immune system, we have evolved a behavioral one that directs us away from potentially contagious individuals. Here I show, using publicly available cross-cultural data, that this adaptation is so fundamental that our first impressions of a male stranger are largely driven by the perceived health of his face. Positive (likeable, capable, intelligent, trustworthy) and negative (unfriendly, ignorant, lazy) first impressions are affected by facial health in adaptively different ways, inconsistent with a mere halo effect; they are also modulated by one's current state of health and inclination to feel disgusted by pathogens...

OBJECTIVES: Enzalutamide, a second-generation anti-androgen drug, is an androgen receptor inhibitor developed to overcome resistance to first-generation anti-androgens, such as bicalutamide. This study aimed to identify previously undisclosed adverse events associated with enzalutamide. METHODS: Adverse reactions following enzalutamide administration were extracted from the Food and Drug Administration Adverse Event Reporting System (FAERS) database, and the data obtained were from 2014 to 2023...

Inequalities and injustices are thorny issues in liberal societies, manifesting in forms such as the gender-pay gap; sentencing discrepancies among Black, Hispanic, and White defendants; and unequal medical-resource distribution across ethnicities. One cause of these inequalities is implicit social bias -unconsciously formed associations between social groups and attributions such as "nurturing," "lazy," or "uneducated." One strategy to counteract implicit and explicit human biases is delegating crucial decisions, such as how to allocate benefits, resources, or opportunities, to algorithms...

The emergence of RNA velocity has enriched our understanding of the dynamic transcriptional landscape within individual cells. In light of this breakthrough, we embarked on integrating RNA velocity with cellular pseudotime inference, aiming to improve the prediction of cell orders along biological trajectories beyond existing methods. Here, we developed LVPT, a novel method for pseudotime and trajectory inference. LVPT introduces a lazy probability to indicate the probability that the cell stays in the original state and calculates the transition matrix based on RNA velocity to provide the probability and direction of cell differentiation...