catalytic nanomedicine

BACKGROUND: Preserving nephrons while avoiding tumor recurrence during the treatment of renal cell carcinoma remains as a challenge in clinic. To achieve desired therapeutic outcome, we developed specific nanozymes based on the tumor microenvironment and evaluated its efficacy in combination with radiotherapy. METHODS: Herein, a hybrid nanozyme CeO2 @Au-PEG nanocomposite nanoparticle (NPs) was developed for the treatment of renal tumor. It was composed of gold nanozyme decorated CeO2 nanorods and exhibited both glucose-oxidase like by gold nanozyme and peroxidase-like catalytic activities...

In comparison to traditional antioxidant treatment methods, the use of hydrogen to eliminate reactive oxygen species from the body has the advantages of high biological safety, strong selectivity, and high clearance rate. As an energy storage material, metal hydrides have been extensively studied and used in transporting hydrogen as clean energy, which can achieve a high hydrogen load and controlled hydrogen release. Considering the antioxidant properties of hydrogen and the delivery ability of metal hydrides, metal-hydride-based disease treatment strategies have attracted widespread attention...

Assembled gold nanoparticle (AuNP) superstructures can generate unique physicochemical characteristics and be used in various applications, thus becoming an attractive research field. Recently, several DNA-assisted gold nanoparticle assembly methods have been rigorously developed that typically require a non-catalytic equimolar molecular assembly to guarantee the designed assembly. Although efficient and accurate, exploring such non-catalytic nanoparticle assemblies in the complex cellular milieu under low trigger concentrations remains challenging...

The treatment of wounds is a worldwide challenge, and wound infection can affect the effectiveness of wound treatment and further increase the disease burden. Copper is an essential trace element that has been shown to have broad-spectrum antibacterial effects and to be involved in the inflammation, proliferation, and remodeling stages of wound healing. Compared to treatments such as bioactive factors and skin grafts, copper has the advantage of being low-cost and easily available, and has received a lot of attention in wound healing...

Radionuclides internal radiotherapy (RIT) is a clinically powerful method for cancer treatment, but still poses unsatisfactory therapeutic outcomes due to the hypoxic characteristic of tumor microenvironment (TME). Catalase (CAT) or CAT-like nanomaterials can be used to enzymatically decompose TME endogenous H2 O2 to boost TME oxygenation and thus alleviate the hypoxic level within tumors, but their effectiveness is still hindered by the short-lasting of hypoxia relief owing to their poor stability or degradability, thereby failing to match the long therapeutic duration of RIT...

Nanomedicine is promising for disease prevention and treatment, but there are still many challenges that hinder its rapid development. A major challenge is to efficiently seek candidates with the desired therapeutic functions from tremendously available materials. Here, we report an integrated computational and experimental framework to seek alloy nanoparticles from the Materials Project library for antibacterial applications, aiming to learn the inverse screening concept from traditional medicine for nanomedicine...

Novel magnetic and metallic nanoparticles garner much attention of researchers due to their biological, chemical and catalytic properties in many chemical reactions. In this study, we have successfully prepared a core-shell Fe3 O4 @SiO2 @PDA nanocomposite wrapped with Ag using a simple synthesis method, characterised and tested on small cell lung cancer and antibacterial strains. Incorporating Ag in Fe3 O4 @SiO2 @PDA provides promising advantages in biomedical applications. The magnetic Fe3 O4 nanoparticles were coated with SiO2 to obtain negatively charged surface which is then coated with polydopamine (PDA)...

Gold nanomaterials have become very attractive nanomaterials for biomedical research due to their unique physical and chemical properties, including size dependent optical, magnetic and catalytic properties, surface plasmon resonance (SPR), biological affinity and structural suitability. The performance of biosensing and biodiagnosis can be significantly improved in sensitivity, specificity, speed, contrast, resolution and so on by utilizing multiple optical properties of different gold nanostructures. Lateral flow immunochromatographic assay (LFIA) based on gold nanoparticles (GNPs) has the advantages of simple, fast operation, stable technology, and low cost, making it one of the most widely used in vitro diagnostics (IVDs)...

Non-centrosymmetric tetragonal barium titanate nanocrystals have the potential to serve as piezoelectric catalysts in cancer therapy. When exposed to ultrasound irradiation, BaTiO3 can generate reactive oxygen species with a noninvasive and deep tissue-penetrating approach. However, the application of BaTiO3 in cancer nanomedicine is limited by their biosafety, biocompatibility, and dosage efficiency. To explore the potential application of BaTiO3 in nanomedical cancer treatment, we introduced ultra-small Au nanoparticles onto the surface of BaTiO3 to enhance the piezoelectric catalytic performance...

The advent of numerous treatment modalities with desirable therapeutic efficacy has been made possible by the fast development of nanomedicine and materdicine, among which the ultrasound (US)-triggered sonocatalytic process as minimal or non-invasive method has been frequently employed for diagnostic and therapeutic purposes. In comparison to phototherapeutic approaches with inherent penetration depth limitations, sonocatalytic therapy shatters the depth limit of photoactivation and offers numerous remarkable prospects and advantages, including mitigated side effects and appropriate tissue-penetration depth...

Generating lethal reactive oxygen species (ROS) within tumors by nanocatalytic medicines is an advanced strategy for tumor-specific therapy in recent years. Nevertheless, the low yield of ROS restrains its therapeutic efficiency. Herein, a dual-catalytic nanomedicine based on tumor microenvironment (TME)-responsive liposomal nanosystem co-delivering CuO2 and dihydroartemisinin (DHA) (LIPSe@CuO2 &DHA) is developed to boost ROS generation against tumor. The liposomal nanosystem can degrade in the ROS-overexpressed TME and liberate CuO2 and DHA to initiate Cu-based dual-catalytic ROS generation...

BACKGROUND: Chronic ulcers represent a significant challenge for patients with compromised microcirculation. As a novel branch of research, catalytic nanomedicine has exhibited promising outcomes with the development of nanostructured composites designed to disinfect and improve the healing of chronic wounds through the incorporation of bionanocatalysts within gel matrices. PURPOSE: This study aimed to assess the impact of bionanocatalysts on 4 patients suffering from chronic venous ulcers, which had previously been indicated for lower extremity amputation...

BACKGROUND: Impaired brain energy metabolism has been observed in many neurodegenerative diseases, including Parkinson's disease (PD) and multiple sclerosis (MS). In both diseases, mitochondrial dysfunction and energetic impairment can lead to neuronal dysfunction and death. CNM-Au8® is a suspension of faceted, clean-surfaced gold nanocrystals that catalytically improves energetic metabolism in CNS cells, supporting neuroprotection and remyelination as demonstrated in multiple independent preclinical models...

The therapeutic effectiveness of anticancer drugs, including nanomedicines, can be enhanced with active receptor-targeting strategies. Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFR) is an important cancer biomarker, constitutively expressed in sarcoma patients of different histological types. The present work reports materials and in vitro biomedical analyses of silanized (passive delivery) and/or EGF-functionalized (active delivery) ceria nanorods exhibiting highly defective catalytically active surfaces. The EGFR-targeting efficiency of nanoceria was confirmed by receptor-binding studies...

PURPOSE: The remarkable peroxidase-like activity of single-atom nanozymes (SAzymes) allows them to catalyze the conversion of H2 O2 to •OH, rendering them highly promising for antibacterial applications. However, their practical in vivo application is hindered by the near-neutral pH and insufficient H2 O2 levels present in physiological systems. This study was aimed at developing a SAzyme-based nanoreactor and investigating its in vivo antibacterial activity. METHODS: We developed a hollow mesoporous molybdenum single-atom nanozyme (HMMo-SAzyme) using a controlled chemical etching approach and pyrolysis strategy...

Epilepsy refers to a disabling neurological disorder featured by the long-term and unpredictable occurrence of seizures owing to abnormal excessive neuronal electrical activity and is closely linked to unresolved inflammation, oxidative stress, and hypoxia. The difficulty of accurate localization and targeted drug delivery to the lesion hinders the effective treatment of this disease. The locally activated inflammatory cells in the epileptogenic region offer a new opportunity for drug delivery to the lesion...

Bismuth ferrite (BiFeO3 ), a perovskite-type oxide, possesses unique morphology and multiferroicity, rendering it highly versatile for various applications. Recent investigations have demonstrated that BiFeO3 exhibits enhanced Fenton-like and photocatalytic behaviors, coupled with its piezoelectric/ferroelectric properties. BiFeO3 can catalytically generate highly oxidative reactive oxygen species (ROS) when exposed to hydrogen peroxide or light irradiation. Consequently, bismuth ferrite-based nanomaterials have emerged as promising candidates for various biomedical applications...

Single-atom nanozymes (SANzymes) have emerged as promising alternatives to conventional enzymes. However, the chemical instability limits their application. Here, we present a systematic synthesis of highly active and stable SANzymes by leveraging noble metal-porphyrins. Four noble metal-porphyrins are successfully synthesized to mimic the active site of natural peroxidases through atomic metal-N coordination anchored to the porphyrin center. These noble metal-porphyrins are integrated into a stable and biocompatible Zr-based metal-organic framework (MxP, x denoting Ir, Ru, Pt, and Pd)...

Since the discovery of enzyme-like activity of Fe3 O4 nanoparticles in 2007, nanozymes are becoming the promising substitutes for natural enzymes due to their advantages of high catalytic activity, low cost, mild reaction conditions, good stability, and suitable for large-scale production. Recently, with the cross fusion of nanomedicine and nanocatalysis, nanozyme-based theranostic strategies attract great attention, since the enzymatic reactions can be triggered in the tumor microenvironment to achieve good curative effect with substrate specificity and low side effects...

Recent, outbreaks of new emergency zoonotic diseases have prompted an urgent need to develop fast, accurate, and portable screening assays for pathogen infections. Recombinase polymerase amplification (RPA) is sensitive and specific and can be conducted at a constant low temperature with a short response time, making it especially suitable for on-site screening and making it a powerful tool for preventing or controlling the spread of zoonoses. This review summarizes the design principles of RPA-based biosensors as well as various signal output or readout technologies involved in fluorescence detection, lateral flow assays, enzymatic catalytic reactions, spectroscopic techniques, electrochemical techniques, chemiluminescence, nanopore sequencing technologies, microfluidic digital RPA, and clustered regularly interspaced short palindromic repeats/CRISPR-associated systems...