keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527298/artificial-intelligence-based-video-monitoring-of-movement-disorders-in-the-elderly-a-review-on-current-and-future-landscapes
#21
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Kye Won Park, Maryam S Mirian, Martin J McKeown
Due to global ageing, the burden of chronic movement and neurological disorders (Parkinson's disease and essential tremor) is rapidly increasing. Current diagnosis and monitoring of these disorders rely largely on face-to-face assessments utilising clinical rating scales, which are semi-subjective and time-consuming. To address these challenges, the utilisation of artificial intelligence (AI) has emerged. This review explores the advantages and challenges associated with using AI-driven video monitoring to care for elderly patients with movement disorders...
March 1, 2024: Singapore Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526592/application-and-effectiveness-of-artificial-intelligence-for-the-border-management-of-imported-frozen-fish-in-taiwan
#22
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Wen-Chin Tu, Wan-Ling Tsai, Chi-Hao Lee, Chia-Fen Tsai, Jen-Ting Wei, King-Fu Lin, Shou-Mei Wu, Yih-Ming Weng
In Taiwan, the number of applications for inspecting imported food has grown annually and noncompliant products must be accurately detected in these border sampling inspections. Previously, border management has used an automated border inspection system (import food inspection (IFI) system) to select batches via a random sampling method to manage the risk levels of various food products complying with regulatory inspection procedures. Several countries have implemented artificial intelligence (AI) technology to improve domestic governmental processes, social service, and public feedback...
March 15, 2024: Journal of Food and Drug Analysis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526539/personalized-ai-driven-real-time-models-to-predict-stress-induced-blood-pressure-spikes-using-wearable-devices-proposal-for-a-prospective-cohort-study
#23
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ali Kargarandehkordi, Christopher Slade, Peter Washington
BACKGROUND: Referred to as the "silent killer," elevated blood pressure (BP) often goes unnoticed due to the absence of apparent symptoms, resulting in cumulative harm over time. Chronic stress has been consistently linked to increased BP. Prior studies have found that elevated BP often arises due to a stressful lifestyle, although the effect of exact stressors varies drastically between individuals. The heterogeneous nature of both the stress and BP response to a multitude of lifestyle decisions can make it difficult if not impossible to pinpoint the most deleterious behaviors using the traditional mechanism of clinical interviews...
March 25, 2024: JMIR Research Protocols
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525974/influenza-and-covid-19-vaccination-in-2023-a-descriptive-analysis-in-two-italian-research-and-teaching-hospitals-is-the-on-site-strategy-effective
#24
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pier Mario Perrone, Simone Villa, Giuseppina Maria Raciti, Laura Clementoni, Valentina Vegro, Francesco Scovenna, Augusto Altavilla, Adriana Monica Tomoiaga, Valentina Beltrami, Ilaria Bruno, Marcello Vaccargiu, Elisa Astorri, Navpreet Tiwana, Matteo Letzgus, Peter Johannes Schulz, Fabrizio Ernesto Pregliasco, Silvana Castaldi
INTRODUCTION: Vaccinations represent an extremely effective tool for the prevention of certain infectious diseases - such as influenza and COVID-19 -, particularly for those categories at risk due to both their frail condition or professional exposure, such as healthcare workers. The aim of this study is to describe the course of the anti-influenza and anti-COVID-19 vaccination campaign at two Research Hospitals in Milan, Italy. STUDY DESIGN: Multicentre, cross-sectional study...
March 21, 2024: Annali di Igiene: Medicina Preventiva e di Comunità
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525617/artificial-intelligence-ai-or-augmented-intelligence-how-big-data-and-ai-are-transforming-healthcare-challenges-and-opportunities
#25
JOURNAL ARTICLE
K Moodley
The sanctity of the doctor-patient relationship is deeply embedded in tradition - the Hippocratic oath, medical ethics, professional codes of conduct, and legislation - all of which are being disrupted by big data and 'artificial' intelligence (AI). The transition from paper-based records to electronic health records, wearables, mobile health applications and mobile phone data has created new opportunities to scale up data collection. Databases of unimaginable magnitude can be harnessed to develop algorithms for AI and to refine machine learning...
December 31, 2023: South African Medical Journal
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525504/comparison-of-artificial-intelligence-algorithm-for-the-diagnosis-of-hip-fracture-on-plain-radiography-with-decision-making-physicians-a-validation-study
#26
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Salih Beyaz, Sahika Betul Yayli, Ersin Kılıç, Kutay Kılıç
OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to compare an algorithm developed for diagnosing hip fractures on plain radiographs with the physicians involved in diagnosing hip fractures. METHODS: Radiographs labeled as fractured (n=182) and non-fractured (n=542) by an expert on proximal femur fractures were included in the study. General practitioners in the emergency department (n=3), emergency medicine (n=3), radiologists (n=3), orthopedic residents (n=3), and orthopedic surgeons (n=3) were included in the study as the labelers, who labeled the presence of fractures on the right and left sides of the proximal femoral region on each anteroposterior (AP) plain pelvis radiograph as fractured or non-fractured...
January 2024: Acta Orthopaedica et Traumatologica Turcica
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524814/using-artificial-intelligence-for-exercise-prescription-in-personalised-health-promotion-a-critical-evaluation-of-openai-s-gpt-4-model
#27
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ismail Dergaa, Helmi Ben Saad, Abdelfatteh El Omri, Jordan M Glenn, Cain C T Clark, Jad Adrian Washif, Noomen Guelmami, Omar Hammouda, Ramzi A Al-Horani, Luis Felipe Reynoso-Sánchez, Mohamed Romdhani, Laisa Liane Paineiras-Domingos, Rodrigo L Vancini, Morteza Taheri, Leonardo Jose Mataruna-Dos-Santos, Khaled Trabelsi, Hamdi Chtourou, Makram Zghibi, Özgür Eken, Sarya Swed, Mohamed Ben Aissa, Hossam H Shawki, Hesham R El-Seedi, Iñigo Mujika, Stephen Seiler, Piotr Zmijewski, David B Pyne, Beat Knechtle, Irfan M Asif, Jonathan A Drezner, Øyvind Sandbakk, Karim Chamari
The rise of artificial intelligence (AI) applications in healthcare provides new possibilities for personalized health management. AI-based fitness applications are becoming more common, facilitating the opportunity for individualised exercise prescription. However, the use of AI carries the risk of inadequate expert supervision, and the efficacy and validity of such applications have not been thoroughly investigated, particularly in the context of diverse health conditions. The aim of the study was to critically assess the efficacy of exercise prescriptions generated by OpenAI's Generative Pre-Trained Transformer 4 (GPT-4) model for five example patient profiles with diverse health conditions and fitness goals...
March 2024: Biology of Sport
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38524748/survival-outcomes-correlate-with-the-level-of-cell-free-circulating-dna-in-st-elevation-myocardial-infarction
#28
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ai-Ai Chu, Han-Xiang Gao, Ting-Ting Wu, Zheng Zhang
BACKGROUND: Myocardial infarction (MI) can lead to higher cellular damage, making cell-free DNA (cfDNA) a potential biomarker for assessing disease severity. The aim of this study is to evaluate survival predictions using cfDNA measurements and assess its correlation with MI. MATERIALS AND METHODS: A direct fluorescence assay was employed to measure cfDNA content in the blood samples of participants. The inclusion criteria included patients who gave informed consent, suffering from ST-elevation myocardial infraction (STEMI) based on established diagnostic criteria (joint ESC/ACC guidelines), between the age of 18 and 80 years old, and had elevated troponin biomarker levels...
2024: Journal of Research in Medical Sciences: the Official Journal of Isfahan University of Medical Sciences
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523987/ethical-concerns-about-chatgpt-in-healthcare-a-useful-tool-or-the-tombstone-of-original-and-reflective-thinking
#29
REVIEW
Marina Z Kapsali, Efstratios Livanis, Christos Tsalikidis, Panagoula Oikonomou, Polychronis Voultsos, Aleka Tsaroucha
Artificial intelligence (AI), the uprising technology of computer science aiming to create digital systems with human behavior and intelligence, seems to have invaded almost every field of modern life. Launched in November 2022, ChatGPT (Chat Generative Pre-trained Transformer) is a textual AI application capable of creating human-like responses characterized by original language and high coherence. Although AI-based language models have demonstrated impressive capabilities in healthcare, ChatGPT has received controversial annotations from the scientific and academic communities...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523910/the-potential-role-of-artificial-intelligence-in-the-clinical-management-of-hansen-s-disease-leprosy
#30
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patrícia D Deps, Rie Yotsu, Brunna C R S Furriel, Bruno D de Oliveira, Sergio L de Lima, Rafael M Loureiro
Missed and delayed diagnoses of Hansen's disease (HD) are making the battle against it even more complex, increasing its transmission and significantly impacting those affected and their families. This strains public health systems and raises the risk of lifelong impairments and disabilities. Worryingly, the three countries most affected by HD witnessed a growth in new cases in 2022, jeopardizing the World Health Organization's targets to interrupt transmission. Artificial intelligence (AI) can help address these challenges by offering the potential for rapid case detection, customized treatment, and solutions for accessibility challenges-especially in regions with a shortage of trained healthcare professionals...
2024: Frontiers in Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523806/using-convolutional-neural-network-based-segmentation-for-image-based-computational-fluid-dynamics-simulations-of-brain-aneurysms-initial-experience-in-automated-model-creation
#31
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mostafa Rezaeitaleshmahalleh, Zonghan Lyu, Nan Mu, Jingfeng Jiang
"Image-based" computational fluid dynamics (CFD) simulations provide insights into each patient's hemodynamic environment. However, current standard procedures for creating CFD models start with manual segmentation and are time-consuming, hindering the clinical translation of image-based CFD simulations. This feasibility study adopts deep-learning-based image segmentation (hereafter referred to as Artificial Intelligence (AI) segmentation) to replace manual segmentation to accelerate CFD model creation. Two published convolutional neural network-based AI methods (MIScnn and DeepMedic) were selected to perform CFD model extraction from three-dimensional (3D) rotational angiography data containing intracranial aneurysms...
May 2023: Journal of Mechanics in Medicine and Biology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523083/therapeutic-drug-monitoring-liquid-biopsies-or-pharmacogenomics-for-prediction-of-human-drug-metabolism-and-response
#32
REVIEW
Magnus Ingelman-Sundberg, Espen Molden
Pharmacokinetics plays a central role in understanding the significant interindividual differences that exist in drug metabolism and response. Effectively addressing these differences requires a multi-faceted approach that encompasses a variety of tools and methods. In this review, we examine three key strategies to achieve this goal, namely pharmacogenomics, therapeutic drug monitoring (TDM) and liquid biopsy-based monitoring of hepatic ADME gene expression and highlight their advantages and limitations. We note that larger cohort studies are needed to validate the utility of liquid biopsy-based assessment of hepatic ADME gene expression, which includes prediction of drug metabolism in the clinical setting...
March 24, 2024: British Journal of Clinical Pharmacology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522008/developments-and-future-prospects-of-personalized-medicine-in-head-and-neck-squamous-cell-carcinoma-diagnoses-and-treatments
#33
REVIEW
Shalindu Malshan Jayawickrama, Piyumi Madhushani Ranaweera, Ratupaskatiye Gedara Gunaratnege Roshan Pradeep, Yovanthi Anurangi Jayasinghe, Kalpani Senevirathna, Abdul Jabbar Hilmi, Rajapakse Mudiyanselage Gamini Rajapakse, Kehinde Kazeem Kanmodi, Ruwan Duminda Jayasinghe
BACKGROUND: Precision healthcare has entered a new era because of the developments in personalized medicine, especially in the diagnosis and treatment of head and neck squamous cell carcinoma (HNSCC). This paper explores the dynamic landscape of personalized medicine as applied to HNSCC, encompassing both current developments and future prospects. RECENT FINDINGS: The integration of personalized medicine strategies into HNSCC diagnosis is driven by the utilization of genetic data and biomarkers...
March 2024: Cancer reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521708/artificial-intelligence-in-nuclear-cardiology-an-update-and-future-trends
#34
REVIEW
Robert J H Miller, Piotr J Slomka
Myocardial perfusion imaging (MPI), using either single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) or positron emission tomography (PET), is one of the most commonly ordered cardiac imaging tests, with prominent clinical roles for disease diagnosis and risk prediction. Artificial intelligence (AI) could potentially play a role in many steps along the typical MPI workflow, from image acquisition through to clinical reporting and risk estimation. AI can be utilized to improve image quality, reducing radiation exposure and image acquisition times...
March 22, 2024: Seminars in Nuclear Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520394/accuracy-of-information-given-by-chatgpt-for-patients-with-inflammatory-bowel-disease-in-relation-to-ecco-guidelines
#35
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Martina Sciberras, Yvette Farrugia, Hannah Gordon, Federica Furfaro, Mariangela Allocca, Joana Torres, Naila Arebi, Gionata Fiorino, Marietta Iacucci, Bram Verstockt, Fernando Magro, Kostas Katsanos, Josef Busuttil, Katya De Giovanni, Valerie Anne Fenech, Stefania Chetcuti Zammit, Pierre Ellul
INTRODUCTION: As acceptance of AI platforms increases, more patients will consider these tools as sources of information. The ChatGPT architecture utilizes a neural network to process natural language, thus generating responses based on the context of input text. The accuracy and completeness of ChatGPT3.5 in the context of Inflammatory Bowel Disease remains unclear. METHODS: In this prospective study, 38 questions worded by IBD patients were inputted into ChatGPT3...
March 23, 2024: Journal of Crohn's & Colitis
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38520024/sarcopenic-obesity-is-part-of-obesity-paradox-in-dementia-development-evidence-from-a-population-based-cohort-study
#36
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Junhan Zhang, Xiaona Na, Zhihui Li, John S Ji, Guowei Li, Haibing Yang, Yucheng Yang, Yuefeng Tan, Jian Zhang, Menglu Xi, Donghan Su, Huatang Zeng, Liqun Wu, Ai Zhao
BACKGROUND: Sarcopenic obesity, a clinical and functional condition characterized by the coexistence of obesity and sarcopenia, has not been investigated in relation to dementia risk and its onset. METHODS: We included 208,867 participants from UK biobank, who aged 60 to 69 years at baseline. Dementia diagnoses were identified using hospital records and death register data. Hazard ratios (HRs) and 95% confidence intervals (CIs) were estimated using Cox proportional hazards models to evaluate the associations of obesity, sarcopenia, and sarcopenic obesity with dementia risk, stratified by sex...
March 22, 2024: BMC Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519626/digital-twins-for-health-a-scoping-review
#37
REVIEW
Evangelia Katsoulakis, Qi Wang, Huanmei Wu, Leili Shahriyari, Richard Fletcher, Jinwei Liu, Luke Achenie, Hongfang Liu, Pamela Jackson, Ying Xiao, Tanveer Syeda-Mahmood, Richard Tuli, Jun Deng
The use of digital twins (DTs) has proliferated across various fields and industries, with a recent surge in the healthcare sector. The concept of digital twin for health (DT4H) holds great promise to revolutionize the entire healthcare system, including management and delivery, disease treatment and prevention, and health well-being maintenance, ultimately improving human life. The rapid growth of big data and continuous advancement in data science (DS) and artificial intelligence (AI) have the potential to significantly expedite DT research and development by providing scientific expertise, essential data, and robust cybertechnology infrastructure...
March 22, 2024: NPJ Digital Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519519/large-language-models-and-multimodal-foundation-models-for-precision-oncology
#38
REVIEW
Daniel Truhn, Jan-Niklas Eckardt, Dyke Ferber, Jakob Nikolas Kather
The technological progress in artificial intelligence (AI) has massively accelerated since 2022, with far-reaching implications for oncology and cancer research. Large language models (LLMs) now perform at human-level competency in text processing. Notably, both text and image processing networks are increasingly based on transformer neural networks. This convergence enables the development of multimodal AI models that take diverse types of data as an input simultaneously, marking a qualitative shift from specialized niche models which were prevalent in the 2010s...
March 22, 2024: NPJ Precision Oncology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38519371/explainable-and-interpretable-machine-learning-for-antimicrobial-stewardship-opportunities-and-challenges
#39
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Daniele Roberto Giacobbe, Cristina Marelli, Sabrina Guastavino, Sara Mora, Nicola Rosso, Alessio Signori, Cristina Campi, Mauro Giacomini, Matteo Bassetti
There is growing interest in exploiting the advances in artificial intelligence and machine learning (ML) for improving and monitoring antimicrobial prescriptions in line with antimicrobial stewardship principles. Against this background, the concepts of interpretability and explainability are becoming increasingly essential to understanding how ML algorithms could predict antimicrobial resistance or recommend specific therapeutic agents, to avoid unintended biases related to the "black box" nature of complex models...
March 21, 2024: Clinical Therapeutics
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38518993/predicting-risk-of-endometrial-failure-a-biomarker-signature-that-identifies-a-novel-disruption-independent-of-endometrial-timing-in-patients-undergoing-hormonal-replacement-cycles
#40
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Patricia Diaz-Gimeno, Patricia Sebastian-Leon, Katharina Spath, Diana Marti-Garcia, Josefa Maria Sanchez-Reyes, Maria Del Carmen Vidal, Almudena Devesa-Peiro, Immaculada Sanchez-Ribas, Asunta Martinez-Martinez, Nuria Pellicer, Dagan Wells, Antonio Pellicer
OBJECTIVE: To propose a new gene expression signature that identifies endometrial disruptions independent of endometrial luteal phase timing and predicts if patients are at risk of endometrial failure. DESIGN: Multicentric, prospective study. SETTING: Reproductive medicine research department in a public hospital affiliated with private fertility clinics and a reproductive genetics laboratory. PATIENT(S): Caucasian women (n=281; 39...
March 20, 2024: Fertility and Sterility
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