Fotemustine

Gliomas are the most common type of malignant brain tumors, with glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) having a median survival of 15 months due to drug resistance and relapse. The treatment of gliomas relies on surgery, radiotherapy and chemotherapy. Only 12 anti-brain tumor chemotherapies (AntiBCs), mostly alkylating agents, have been approved so far. Glioma subtype-specific metabolic models were reconstructed to simulate metabolite exchanges, in silico knockouts and the prediction of drug and drug combinations for all three subtypes...

BACKGROUND: The primary analysis of the phase III NIBIT-M2 study showed a 41% 4-year overall survival (OS) of melanoma patients with asymptomatic brain metastases treated with ipilimumab plus nivolumab. METHODS: Here, we report the 7-year efficacy outcomes and the Health-Related Quality of Life (HRQoL) analyses of the NIBIT-M2 study. RESULTS: As of May 1, 2023, at a median follow-up of 67 months (mo), the median OS was 8.5 (95% CI: 6.6-10...

This paper describes a flexible strategy to access diethyl (((( N -(2-chloroethyl)- N -nitrososulfamoyl)amino)arylmethyl) phosphonates, as aryl analogues of fotemustine. The new aryl sulfamidophosphonates prepared from 2-chloroethylamine were successfully obtained under eco-environmental conditions using ultrasound irradiation. These compounds did not produce the expected nitroso analogues of fotemustine after the nitrosation reaction but the corresponding sulfamates which were fully characterized. Some attempts to understand this rearrangement reaction were conducted, and particularly the corresponding nitrosoureas analogues could be isolated with good yield...

Background: Malignant melanoma is a highly aggressive cancer that spreads and metastasizes quickly. In recent years, the antiangiogenic drug bevacizumab has been trialed to treat malignant melanoma. We conducted the first meta-analysis to examine the efficacy and safety of bevacizumab combined with other drugs in malignant melanoma. Methods: We searched for randomized controlled trials (RCTs) and non-comparative clinical studies of bevacizumab combined with chemotherapy, targeted medicine, and interferon to treat malignant melanoma in PubMed, Embase, the Cochrane Library, and Web of Science...

Objective: To compare the efficacy and safety of treatments for patients with recurrent high-grade gliomas. Methods: Electronic databases including Pubmed, Embase, Cochrane Library and ClinicalTrials.gov were searched for randomized controlled trials (RCT) related to high-grade gliomas. The inclusion of qualified literature and extraction of data were conducted by two independent reviewers. The primary clinical outcome measures of network meta-analysis were overall survival (OS) while progression-free survival (PFS), objective response rate (ORR) and adverse event of grade 3 or higher were secondary measures...

CONTEXT: Immune checkpoint inhibitors have advanced immunotherapy for melanoma patients. Objective: This study evaluates efficacy and safety of ipilimumab and nivolumab combination (IN) for melanoma brain metastases (MBM) patients. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Literature search was conducted in electronic databases and studies were included if they reported efficacy and safety of IN in MBM patients or prognostic information related to brain metastases. Outcomes evaluated were objective response rate (ORR), complete remission/stable disease/progressive disease rates, progression-free survival (PFS), overall survival (OS), incidence rates of adverse events, and hazard ratios of disease progression or mortality between IN-treated patients with and without brain metastasis...

To investigate the efficacy and safety of the FEAC (fotemustine, etoposide, cytarabine, and cyclophosphamide) conditioning regimen for the treatment of lymphoma, we retrospectively analyzed the records of 76 Hodgkin lymphoma (HL) and non-Hodgkin lymphoma (NHL) patients who underwent autologous stem cell transplantation (ASCT) after the FEAC conditioning regimen. Their survival, as well as the clinical efficacy, hematopoietic engraftment time, and toxicity, were analyzed. One patient died of severe pulmonary infection, and the transplant-related mortality (TRM) was 1...

BACKGROUND/AIM: Bevacizumab and chemotherapy are used in glioblastoma multiforme (GBM) relapse. However, the choice of chemotherapeutic agent remains an open question and this study aimed to evaluate the efficacy and safety of different combinations. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between June 2005 and August 2020, all patients treated with chemotherapy plus bevacizumab (BVZ) for recurrent glioblastoma in the Georges-François Leclerc Cancer Center, Dijon, France were included in this retrospective comparative study...

PURPOSE: In uveal melanoma patients, liver metastases can be treated by hepatic artery infusion chemotherapy (HAIC). During this procedure, melphalan or, less frequently, fotemustine is infused into the hepatic artery or the hepatic lobe arteries in regularly repeated interventions to achieve local tumor control. The aim of this study was to investigate the radiation exposure of HAIC. MATERIAL AND METHODS: In this retrospective study, dose data from 841 procedures in 140 patients (mean age 65...

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INTRODUCTION: Despite remarkably improved outcomes with immune checkpoint inhibition, many patients with metastatic melanoma will eventually require further therapy. Chemotherapy has limited activity when used first-line but can alter the tumour microenvironment and does improve efficacy when used in combination with immunotherapy in lung cancer. Whether chemotherapy after checkpoint inhibitor failure has relevant activity in patients with metastatic melanoma is unknown. METHODS: Patients with metastatic melanoma treated with chemotherapy after progression on immunotherapy with checkpoint inhibitors were identified retrospectively from 24 melanoma centres...

OBJECTIVE: This study aimed to evaluate the safety, efficacy, and feasibility of the rituximab, fotemustine, pemetrexed, and dexamethasone (R-FPD) regimen followed by whole-brain radiotherapy (WBRT) for patients with primary central nervous system lymphoma (PCNSL). METHODS: A prospective, single-center phase II clinical trial was conducted. Patients with PCNSL newly diagnosed at the First Affiliated Hospital of Zhengzhou University between July 2018 and July 2020 were studied...

BACKGROUND: Glioblastoma (GBM) is a highly malignant brain tumour that almost inevitably progresses or recurs after first line standard of care. There is no consensus regarding the best treatment/s to offer people upon disease progression or recurrence. For the purposes of this review, progression and recurrence are considered as one entity. OBJECTIVES: To evaluate the effectiveness of further treatment/s for first and subsequent progression or recurrence of glioblastoma (GBM) among people who have received the standard of care (Stupp protocol) for primary treatment of the disease; and to prepare a brief economic commentary on the available evidence...

Endometriosis is a common disease. Its pathogenesis still remains uncertain, but it is clear that cell proliferation, apoptosis and chronic inflammation play an important role in its development. This paper aimed to investigate the anti-proliferative and anti-inflammatory effects of a combined therapy with fotemustine and dexamethasone. Endometriosis was induced by intraperitoneal injections of uterine fragments from donor animals to recipient animals. Next, the pathology was allowed to develop for 7 days. On the seventh day, fotemustine was administered once and dexamethasone was administered daily for the next 7 days...

PURPOSE: Phase II trials have shown encouraging activity with ipilimumab plus fotemustine and ipilimumab plus nivolumab in melanoma brain metastases. We report the primary analysis and 4-year follow-up of the NIBIT-M2 study, the first phase III trial comparing these regimens with fotemustine in patients with melanoma with brain metastases. PATIENTS AND METHODS: This phase III study recruited patients 18 years of age and older with BRAF wild-type or mutant melanoma, and active, untreated, asymptomatic brain metastases from nine centers, randomized (1:1:1) to fotemustine, ipilimumab plus fotemustine, or ipilimumab plus nivolumab...

Skin melanomas are malignant neoplasms originating from neuroectodermal melanocytes. Compared to other neoplasms, melanomas have a high rate of growth. Their incidence is highest in Australia and New Zealand, in high‑income European countries (Switzerland, Norway, Sweden) and in the US. In Poland, the standardized incidence rate is approximately 5/100,000. Melanomas are typically highly radioresistant and chemoresistant. Before the era of immunotherapy, inoperable lesions were treated using chemotherapy based mainly on dacarbazine, temozolomide or fotemustine, which did not yield the expected results in terms of extending survival time or improving patient comfort...

BACKGROUND: The aim of the study was to evaluate pretreatment inflammatory markers as prognostic factors in patients with unresectable uveal melanoma liver metastases treated with transarterial hepatic chemoperfusion. PATIENTS AND METHODS: 54 patients (44% male, median age: 61 years) were retrospectively assessed. A median of 3 (range: 1-11) treatment sessions were performed with melphalan (92%) or fotemustin (8%). Inflammatory indices were calculated as follows: neutrophils/nl to lymphocytes/nl ratio (NLR), systemic immune-inflammation index ([platelets/nl × neutrophils/nl]/[lymphocytes/nl]; SII), and platelets/nl to lymphocytes/nl ratio (PLR)...

RATIONALE: Immune checkpoint inhibition has dramatically altered the therapeutic landscape in the treatment of a range of locally advanced and metastatic skin cancers. In particular, the treatment of metastatic melanoma with combined anti-programmed cell death protein 1 (anti-PD1) and anti-cytotoxic T-lymphocyte-associated protein 4 (anti-CTLA4) antagonists has resulted in median 5-year survival rates of over 50%. However, combined immune checkpoint inhibitor therapy frequently results in the development of immune-related adverse events (irAE) which can be severe and life-threatening...

BACKGROUND AND OBJECTIVES: We examined retrospectively whether the combination of standard dacarbazine (DTIC) and/or fotemustine chemotherapy and autologous peptide-loaded dendritic cell (DC) vaccination may improve survival of stage IV melanoma patients. Furthermore, a small cohort of long-term survivors was studied in more detail. PATIENTS AND METHODS: Between 1998 and 2008, 41 patients were vaccinated at least three times with DCs while receiving chemotherapy and compared to all other 168 patients in our database who only received chemotherapy (1993-2008)...

Melanoma stem cells (MSCs) are characterized by their unique cell surface proteins and aberrant signaling pathways. These stemness properties are either in a causal or consequential relationship to melanoma progression, treatment resistance and recurrence. The functional analysis of CD133+ and CD133- cells in vitro and in vivo revealed that melanoma progression and treatment resistance are the consequences of CD133 signal to PI3K pathway. CD133 signal to PI3K pathway drives two downstream pathways, the PI3K/Akt/MDM2 and the PI3K/Akt/MKP-1 pathways...