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JOURNAL ARTICLE
Olivia M Man, Tamiris Azamor, Mary Catherine Cambou, Trevon L Fuller, Tara Kerin, Sophia G Paiola, Jessica S Cranston, Thalia Mok, Rashmi Rao, Weiqiang Chen, Jae U Jung, Viviana Fajardo Martinez, Suan-Sin Foo, Karin Nielsen-Saines
Respiratory distress (RD) has been reported in SARS-CoV-2 exposed uninfected (SEU) term neonates. Prior studies suggest that prenatal exposure to Coronavirus Disease 19 (COVID-19) may activate an inflammatory cascade in the newborn airway. In this study, we examine the relationship between maternal COVID-19 vaccination and neonatal RD using a longitudinal cohort of mother-infant pairs in Los Angeles, CA. Two-hundred and twenty-one mothers with laboratory confirmed SARS-CoV-2 during pregnancy and 227 exposed fetuses are enrolled in our study...
January 24, 2024: Nature Communications
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tara Kerin, Ruth Cortado, Sophia G Paiola, Justine Ceballos, Sue Ellen Abdalian, Risa Flynn, Robert Bolan, Yetunde V Adebambo, Myung Shin Sim, Dallas Swendeman, Manuel A Ocasio, Jasmine Fournier, Bonnie Ank, Yvonne Bryson, Karin Nielsen-Saines
PURPOSE: Gay, bisexual, and other cisgender men who have sex with men, and racial minority youth are at elevated risk of acquiring HIV infection. The Adolescent Trials Network 147 recruited youth with acute/recent HIV-infection for early antiretroviral treatment. The cohort make-up is described here. METHODS: Treatment-naïve, recently identified HIV + youth, aged 12-24 years, from Los Angeles and New Orleans were recruited from community centers, clinics, social media, and a high-risk seronegative cohort (n = 1,727, the Adolescent Trials Network 149) using point-of-care assays...
December 3, 2023: Journal of Adolescent Health
#3
REVIEW
Lanbo Yang, Rebecca H Allen, Mary Catherine Cambou, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Benjamin P Brown
People capable of pregnancy are disproportionately affected by HIV. Family planning needs and services are often unmet in this population, and clinical care guidelines regarding contraceptive options and abortion care are not well elucidated. Individuals living with HIV often face unique barriers in accessing contraception and abortion services due to internalized stigma, medically complex care (eg, drug-drug interactions, adverse effects of antiretroviral therapy), and distrust of health care providers. There is also a lack of clarity among reproductive health, primary, and infectious disease care providers on best-practice contraceptive counseling and contraceptive care for individuals living with HIV, given limited opportunities to enhance expertise in reproductive infectious disease...
October 30, 2023: Journal of Midwifery & Women's Health
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Otávio Espíndola, Paola C Resende, Lusiele Guaraldo, Guilherme Amaral Calvet, Trevon L Fuller, Stephanie Lema Suarez Penetra, Heloisa Ferreira Pinto Santos, Anielle Pina-Costa, Michele Fernanda Borges da Silva, Isabella Campos Vargas Moraes, Fernando Medeiros, Jimmy Whitworth, Christopher Smith, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Marilda M Siqueira, Patrícia Brasil
BACKGROUND: There is interest in lingering non-specific symptoms after severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) infection, referred to as Long coronavirus disease 2019 (Long COVID-19). It remains unknown whether the risk of Long COVID-19 is associated with pre-existing comorbidities or initial COVID-19 severity, including infections due to new Omicron lineages which predominated in 2023. OBJECTIVES: The aim of this case report was to characterize the clinical features of acute XBB...
2023: Memórias do Instituto Oswaldo Cruz
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tomas Kulvicius, Dajie Zhang, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Sven Bölte, Marc Kraft, Christa Einspieler, Luise Poustka, Florentin Wörgötter, Peter B Marschik
BACKGROUND: Aiming at objective early detection of neuromotor disorders such as cerebral palsy, we propose an innovative non-intrusive approach using a pressure sensing device to classify infant general movements. Here we differentiate typical general movement patterns of the "fidgety period" (fidgety movements) vs. the "pre-fidgety period" (writhing movements). METHODS: Participants (N = 45) were sampled from a typically-developing infant cohort. Multi-modal sensor data, including pressure data from a pressure sensing mat with 1024 sensors, were prospectively recorded for each infant in seven succeeding laboratory sessions in biweekly intervals from 4 to 16 weeks of post-term age...
August 16, 2023: Commun Med (Lond)
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Stephanie L S Penetra, Heloisa F P Santos, Paola Cristina Resende, Leonardo Soares Bastos, Michele F B da Silva, Anielle Pina-Costa, Renata Serrano Lopes, Leonardo Saboia-Vahia, Any Caroline Alves de Oliveira, Elisa Cavalcante Pereira, Fernando Medeiros Filho, Mayumi D Wakimoto, Guilherme A Calvet, Trevon L Fuller, Jimmy Whitworth, Christopher Smith, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Marilia Sá Carvalho, Otávio M Espíndola, Lusiele Guaraldo, Marilda M Siqueira, Patricia Brasil
This was a household-based prospective cohort study conducted in Rio de Janeiro, in which people with laboratory-confirmed Covid-19 and their household contacts were followed from April 2020 through June 2022. Ninety-eight reinfections were identified, with 71 (72.5%) confirmed by genomic analyses and lineage definition in both infections. During the pre-Omicron period, one dose of any Covid-19 vaccine was associated with a reduced risk of reinfection, but during the Omicron period not even booster vaccines had this effect...
August 12, 2023: Journal of Infectious Diseases
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Tawny Saleh, Trevon Fuller, Mary C Cambou, Eddy R Segura, Edwin Kamau, Shangxin Yang, Omai B Garner, Karin Nielsen-Saines
BACKGROUND: Outcomes of SARS CoV-2 infection in infants, children and young adults are reported less frequently than in older populations. The evolution of SARS-CoV-2 cases in LA County youths followed at a large health network in southern California over two years was evaluated. METHODS: A prospective cohort study of patients aged 0-24 years diagnosed with COVID-19 was conducted. Demographics, age distribution, disease severity, circulating variants of concern (VOCs), and immunization rates were compared between first and second pandemic years...
May 25, 2023: Vaccines
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Trevon L Fuller, Leonardo Bastos, Marilia Sá Carvalho, Paola Cristina Resende, Luana Damasceno, Oswaldo Gonçalves Cruz, Fernando Medeiros, Guilherme Calvet, Lusiele Guaraldo, Karin Nielsen-Saines, James Whitworth, Christopher Smith, Marilda Siqueira, Patrícia Brasil
BACKGROUND: It is important to understand the dynamics of SARS-CoV-2 transmission in close-contact settings such as households. We hypothesized that children would most often acquire SARS-CoV-2 from a symptomatic adult caregiver. METHODS: This prospective cohort study was conducted from April 2020 to July 2022 in a low-resource, urban settlement in Brazil. We recruited families who brought their children to a public clinic. We collected nasopharyngeal and oral swabs from household members and tracked symptoms and vaccination...
June 16, 2023: Journal of the Pediatric Infectious Diseases Society
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jenny Y Mei, Thalia Mok, Mary Catherine Cambou, Trevon Fuller, Viviana M Fajardo, Tara Kerin, Christina S Han, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Rashmi Rao
BACKGROUND: Based on available data, at least one ultrasound assessment of pregnancies recovering from SARS-CoV-2 infection is recommended. Reports, however, on prenatal imaging findings and potential associations with neonatal outcomes following SARS-CoV-2 infection in pregnancy have been inconclusive. OBJECTIVE: We aim to describe the sonographic characteristics of pregnancies after confirmed SARS-CoV-2 infection and assess the association of prenatal ultrasound (US) findings with adverse neonatal outcomes (ANO)...
June 7, 2023: American journal of obstetrics & gynecology MFM
#10
REVIEW
Peter B Marschik, Amanda K L Kwong, Nelson Silva, Joy E Olsen, Martin Schulte-Rüther, Sven Bölte, Maria Örtqvist, Abbey Eeles, Luise Poustka, Christa Einspieler, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Dajie Zhang, Alicia J Spittle
The Prechtl General Movements Assessment (GMA) has become a clinician and researcher toolbox for evaluating neurodevelopment in early infancy. Given that it involves the observation of infant movements from video recordings, utilising smartphone applications to obtain these recordings seems like the natural progression for the field. In this review, we look back on the development of apps for acquiring general movement videos, describe the application and research studies of available apps, and discuss future directions of mobile solutions and their usability in research and clinical practice...
May 20, 2023: Journal of Clinical Medicine
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Lanbo Yang, Mary Catherine Cambou, Eddy R Segura, Marineide Gonçalves de Melo, Breno Riegel Santos, Ivana Rosângela Dos Santos Varella, Karin Nielsen-Saines
BACKGROUND: Childbirth via cesarean delivery can prevent intrapartum vertical transmission for women who are not virally suppressed at the time of delivery. Few studies have compared cesarean delivery trends between women living with HIV and women without HIV and have examined the role of cesarean delivery in the prevention of vertical transmission in the era of potent combination antiretroviral therapy. OBJECTIVE: We hypothesized that the cesarean delivery rate is high in women living with HIV compared with women without HIV and that cesarean delivery usage decreases over time among women living with HIV with advances in combined antiretroviral therapy in a country with a high national cesarean delivery rate...
May 2023: AJOG global reports
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Peter B Marschik, Tomas Kulvicius, Sarah Flügge, Claudius Widmann, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Martin Schulte-Rüther, Britta Hüning, Sven Bölte, Luise Poustka, Jeff Sigafoos, Florentin Wörgötter, Christa Einspieler, Dajie Zhang
In behavioral research and clinical practice video data has rarely been shared or pooled across sites due to ethical concerns of confidentiality, although the need of shared large-scaled datasets remains increasing. This demand is even more imperative when data-heavy computer-based approaches are involved. To share data while abiding by privacy protection rules, a critical question arises whether efforts at data de-identification reduce data utility? We addressed this question by showcasing an established and video-based diagnostic tool for detecting neurological deficits...
April 21, 2023: IScience
#13
REVIEW
Lanbo Yang, Mary Catherine Cambou, Karin Nielsen-Saines
PURPOSE OF REVIEW: The goal of this review is to highlight and interpret recent trends and developments in the diagnosis, treatment, and prevention of HIV vertical transmission from a clinical perspective. RECENT FINDINGS: Universal third-trimester retesting and partner testing may better identify incident HIV among pregnant patients and result in early initiation of antiretroviral therapy to prevent vertical transmission. The proven safety and efficacy of integrase inhibitors such as dolutegravir may be particularly useful in suppressing viremia in pregnant persons who present late for ART treatment...
March 27, 2023: Current HIV/AIDS Reports
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Maria Örtqvist, Peter B Marschik, Moreno Toldo, Dajie Zhang, Viviana Fajardo-Martinez, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Ulrika Ådén, Christa Einspieler
AIM: To assess the inter-assessor reliability of the Motor Optimality Score-Revised (MOS-R) when used in infants at elevated likelihood for adverse neurological outcome. METHODS: MOS-R were assessed in three groups of infants by two assessors/cohort. Infants were recruited from longitudinal projects in Sweden (infants born extremely preterm), India (infants born in low-resource communities) and the USA (infants prenatally exposed to SARS-CoV-2). Intraclass correlation coefficients (ICC) and kappa (κw) were applied...
March 9, 2023: Acta Paediatrica
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Justin DeMonte, Micah McCumber, Nicole Slye, K Rivet Amico, Elizabeth M Arnold, W Scott Comulada, Panteha Hayati Rezvan, Lisa B Hightow-Weidman, Kathryn E Muessig, Sharon L Nichols, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Travis H Sanchez, Bonnie E Shook-Sa, Dallas Swendeman, Rachel K Valencia, Michael G Hudgens
PURPOSE: This study aims to describe the cohort of Adolescent Medicine Trials Network for HIV/AIDS Interventions (ATN) research program participants and evaluate whether the ATN's recently completed 5-year cycle recruited study participants who parallel the populations most impacted by HIV in the United States. METHODS: Harmonized measures across ATN studies collected at baseline were aggregated for participants aged 13-24 years. Pooled means and proportions stratified by HIV status (at risk for or living with HIV) were calculated using unweighted averages of study-specific aggregate data...
February 15, 2023: Journal of Adolescent Health
#16
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ricardo Arraes de Alencar Ximenes, Demócrito de Barros Miranda-Filho, Elizabeth B Brickley, Thalia Velho Barreto de Araújo, Ulisses Ramos Montarroyos, Marília Rosa Abtibol-Bernardino, Marisa M Mussi-Pinhata, Geraldo Duarte, Conrado Milani Coutinho, Silvia Fabiana Biason de Moura Negrini, Maria das Graças Costa Alecrim, Lucíola de Fátima Albuquerque de Almeida Peixoto, Maria Elisabeth Lopes Moreira, Andrea Zin, José Paulo Pereira Júnior, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Celina Maria Turchi Martelli, Laura Cunha Rodrigues, Wayner Vieira de Souza, Liana O Ventura, Consuelo Silva de Oliveira, Haroldo de Matos, Emilene Monteiro Furtado Serra, Luna Thais Souza Gomes, Maurício L Nogueira, Cassia Estofolete, Denise Cristina Vaz-Oliani, Saulo Duarte Passos, Antonio Moron, Maria Manoela Duarte Rodrigues, Stéphanno Gomes Pereira Sarmento, Marília Dalva Turchi, Luiza Emylce Pela Rosado, Ana Laura de Sene Amâncio Zara, Maria Bárbara Franco Gomes, Lavínia Schuler-Faccini, Juliana Herrero-Silva, Melania M Amorim, Adriana Oliveira Melo, Antônio José Ledo Alves da Cunha, Arnaldo Prata-Barbosa, Joffre Amim, Jorge Rezende-Filho, Juan Ignacio Calcagno, Luiz Carlos Júnior Alcântara, Breno Lima de Almeida, Cristina Barroso Hofer, Elizabeth S Machado, Isadora Cristina de Siqueira, Flor Ernestina Martinez-Espinoza, Patrícia Brasil
BACKGROUND: Knowledge regarding the risks associated with Zika virus (ZIKV) infections in pregnancy has relied on individual studies with relatively small sample sizes and variable risk estimates of adverse outcomes, or on surveillance or routinely collected data. Using data from the Zika Brazilian Cohorts Consortium, this study aims, to estimate the risk of adverse outcomes among offspring of women with RT-PCR-confirmed ZIKV infection during pregnancy and to explore heterogeneity between studies...
January 2023: Lancet Reg Health Am
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Viviana Fajardo Martinez, Dajie Zhang, Sophia Paiola, Thalia Mok, Mary C Cambou, Tara Kerin, Rashmi Rao, Patricia Brasil, Fatima Ferreira, Trevon Fuller, Debika Bhattacharya, Suan-Sin Foo, Weiqiang Chen, Jae Jung, Christa Einspieler, Peter B Marschik, Karin Nielsen-Saines
OBJECTIVE: To evaluate neuromotor repertoires and developmental milestones in infants exposed to antenatal COVID-19. DESIGN: Longitudinal cohort study. SETTING: Hospital-based study in Los Angeles, USA and Rio de Janeiro, Brazil between March 2020 and December 2021. PARTICIPANTS: Infants born to mothers with COVID-19 during pregnancy and prepandemic control infants from the Graz University Database. INTERVENTIONS: General movement assessment (GMA) videos between 3 and 5 months post-term age were collected and clinical assessments/developmental milestones evaluated at 6-8 months of age...
January 23, 2023: BMJ Open
#18
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Deisy Contreras, Gustavo Garcia, Melissa Kaye Jones, Laura E Martinez, Akshaya Jayakarunakaran, Vineela Gangalapudi, Jie Tang, Ying Wu, Jiagang J Zhao, Zhaohui Chen, Arunachalam Ramaiah, Irena Tsui, Ashok Kumar, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Shaomei Wang, Vaithilingaraja Arumugaswami
Zika virus (ZIKV) causes microcephaly and congenital eye disease. The cellular and molecular basis of congenital ZIKV infection are not well understood. Here, we utilized a biologically relevant cell-based system of human fetal retinal pigment epithelial cells (FRPEs), hiPSC-derived retinal stem cells (iRSCs), and retinal organoids to investigate ZIKV-mediated ocular cell injury processes. Our data show that FRPEs were highly susceptible to ZIKV infection exhibiting increased apoptosis, whereas iRSCs showed reduced susceptibility...
January 1, 2023: Viruses
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Nina Sun, Rong-Rong Zhang, Guang-Yuan Song, Qiaomei Cai, Saba R Aliyari, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Jae U Jung, Heng Yang, Genhong Cheng, Cheng-Feng Qin
Zika virus (ZIKV) is a mosquito-borne RNA virus that belongs to the Flaviviridae family. While flavivirus replication is known to occur in the cytoplasm, a significant portion of the viral capsid protein localizes to the nucleus during infection. However, the role of nuclear capsid is less clear. Herein, we demonstrated SERTA domain containing 3 (SERTAD3) as an antiviral interferon stimulatory gene product had an antiviral ability to ZIKV but not JEV. Mechanistically, we found that SERTAD3 interacted with the capsid protein of ZIKV in the nucleolus and reduced capsid protein abundance through proteasomal degradation...
January 3, 2023: Journal of Medical Virology
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Marcos Vinicius da Silva Pone, Tallita Oliveira Gomes da Silva, Carla Trevisan Martins Ribeiro, Elisa Barroso de Aguiar, Pedro Henrique Barros Mendes, Saint Clair Dos Santos Gomes Junior, Tatiana Hamanaka, Andrea Araujo Zin, José Paulo Pereira Junior, Maria Elisabeth Lopes Moreira, Karin Nielsen-Saines, Sheila Moura Pone
Acquired hip dysplasia has been described in children with cerebral palsy (CP); periodic surveillance is recommended in this population to prevent hip displacement and dislocation. Children with congenital zika syndrome (CZS) may present a spectrum of neurological impairments with changes in tonus, posture, and movement similar to children with CP. However, the relationship between CZS and hip dysplasia has not been characterized. In this prospective cohort study, we aimed to describe the occurrence of hip dysplasia in patients with CZS...
November 26, 2022: Viruses
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