keyword
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38535144/elevating-chest-x-ray-image-super-resolution-with-residual-network-enhancement
#1
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Anudari Khishigdelger, Ahmed Salem, Hyun-Soo Kang
Chest X-ray (CXR) imaging plays a pivotal role in diagnosing various pulmonary diseases, which account for a significant portion of the global mortality rate, as recognized by the World Health Organization (WHO). Medical practitioners routinely depend on CXR images to identify anomalies and make critical clinical decisions. Dramatic improvements in super-resolution (SR) have been achieved by applying deep learning techniques. However, some SR methods are very difficult to utilize due to their low-resolution inputs and features containing abundant low-frequency information, similar to the case of X-ray image super-resolution...
March 4, 2024: Journal of Imaging
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534399/modulating-cholesterol-metabolism-via-acat1-knockdown-enhances-anti-b-cell-lymphoma-activities-of-cd19-specific-chimeric-antigen-receptor-t-cells-by-improving-the-cell-activation-and-proliferation
#2
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Qiong Su, Jie Yao, Muhammad Asad Farooq, Iqra Ajmal, Yixin Duan, Cong He, Xuefei Hu, Wenzheng Jiang
CD19-specific CAR-T immunotherapy has been extensively studied for the treatment of B-cell lymphoma. Recently, cholesterol metabolism has emerged as a modulator of T lymphocyte function and can be exploited in immunotherapy to increase the efficacy of CAR-based systems. Acetyl-CoA acetyltransferase 1 (ACAT1) is the major cholesterol esterification enzyme. ACAT1 inhibitors previously shown to modulate cardiovascular diseases are now being implicated in immunotherapy. In the present study, we achieved knockdown of ACAT1 in T cells via RNA interference technology by inserting ACAT1-shRNA into anti-CD19-CAR-T cells...
March 21, 2024: Cells
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534058/1-selector-1-memristor-configuration-with-multifunctional-a-igzo-memristive-devices-fabricated-at-room-temperature
#3
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jia Cheng Li, Yuan Xiao Ma, Song Hao Wu, Zi Chun Liu, Peng Fei Ding, De Dai, Ying Tao Ding, Yi Yun Zhang, Yuan Huang, Peter To Lai, Ye Liang Wang
Serving as neuromorphic hardware accelerators, memristors play a crucial role in large-scale neuromorphic computing. Herein, two-terminal memristors utilizing amorphous indium-gallium-zinc oxide (a-IGZO) are fabricated through room-temperature sputtering. The electrical characteristics of these memristors are effectively modulated by varying the oxygen flow during the deposition process. The optimized a-IGZO memristor, fabricated under 3 sccm oxygen flow, presents a 5 × 103 ratio between its high- and low-resistance states, which can be maintained over 1 × 104 s with minimal degradation...
March 27, 2024: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38534030/fep-based-nanotheranostic-platform-for-enhanced-phototherapy-ferroptosis-chemodynamic-therapy
#4
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Na An, Shuanglong Tang, Yuwei Wang, Jing Luan, Ying Shi, Minghui Gao, Chongshen Guo
Ferroptosis is an iron-dependent and lipid peroxides (LPO)-overloaded programmed damage cell death, induced by glutathione (GSH) depletion and glutathione peroxide 4 (GPX4) inactivation. However, the inadequacy of endogenous iron and reactive oxygen species (ROS) restricts the efficacy of ferroptosis. To overcome this obstacle, a near-infrared photo-responsive FeP@PEG NPs is fabricated. Exogenous iron pool can enhance the effect of ferroptosis via the depletion of GSH and further regulate GPX4 inactivation...
March 27, 2024: Small
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532524/the-enjoy-seniors-exercise-park-imp-act-project-improving-older-people-s-health-through-physical-activity-a-hybrid-ii-implementation-design-study-protocol
#5
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Pazit Levinger, Marcia Fearn, Bronwyn Dreher, Adrian Bauman, Natasha K Brusco, Andrew Gilbert, Sze-Ee Soh, Elissa Burton, Lisa James, Keith D Hill
INTRODUCTION: The health benefits of physical activity are well established; however, most older people are not sufficiently physically active. Despite the availability of various physical activity interventions and programs, implementation of effective prevention strategies to reduce older people's physical inactivity are lacking. The ENJOY IMP-ACT project is an implementation research project, based on a previous evidence-based physical and social activity program utilising specialised outdoor exercise equipment (the Seniors Exercise Park) for older people...
March 26, 2024: Archives of Public Health, Archives Belges de Santé Publique
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532273/men-s-experiences-of-a-personalised-appearance-based-facial-morphing-safer-drinking-intervention
#6
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Ian R Burgess, Alison Owen, Keira Scholtens, Sarah Grogan
Risky alcohol consumption behaviours remain commonplace, representing a major threat to health and safety, and are especially evidenced by young university students. Consequently, new interventions targeting this high-risk group are required. The current study investigated young male university students' experiences of a personalised, appearance-based, facial morphing, safer drinking intervention. Twenty-five male student participants were recruited, aged 18-34 years. Inductive thematic analysis of data gathered whilst participants were immersed in the intervention, and thereby exposed to alcohol-aged images of their own faces, produced four primary themes: alcohol as a threat to appearance and health, motivations to protect appearance, motivational aspects of the intervention, and proposed improvements and applications...
March 26, 2024: Journal of Health Psychology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38532010/serotonin-effects-on-human-ipsc-derived-neural-cell-functions-from-mitochondria-to-depression
#7
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Iseline Cardon, Sonja Grobecker, Frederike Jenne, Tatjana Jahner, Rainer Rupprecht, Vladimir M Milenkovic, Christian H Wetzel
Depression's link to serotonin dysregulation is well-known. The monoamine theory posits that depression results from impaired serotonin activity, leading to the development of antidepressants targeting serotonin levels. However, their limited efficacy suggests a more complex cause. Recent studies highlight mitochondria as key players in depression's pathophysiology. Mounting evidence indicates that mitochondrial dysfunction significantly correlates with major depressive disorder (MDD), underscoring its pivotal role in depression...
March 26, 2024: Molecular Psychiatry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38531893/high-capacity-data-hiding-for-medical-images-based-on-the-mask-rcnn-model
#8
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hadjer Saidi, Okba Tibermacine, Ahmed Elhadad
This study introduces a novel approach for integrating sensitive patient information within medical images with minimal impact on their diagnostic quality. Utilizing the mask region-based convolutional neural network for identifying regions of minimal medical significance, the method embeds information using discrete cosine transform-based steganography. The focus is on embedding within "insignificant areas", determined by deep learning models, to ensure image quality and confidentiality are maintained. The methodology comprises three main steps: neural network training for area identification, an embedding process for data concealment, and an extraction process for retrieving embedded information...
March 26, 2024: Scientific Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530508/far-infrared-therapy-based-on-graphene-ameliorates-high-fat-diet-induced-anxiety-like-behavior-in-obese-mice-via-alleviating-intestinal-barrier-damage-and-neuroinflammation
#9
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jin-Shui Zhang, Shuo Li, Xin Cheng, Xiao-Cui Tan, Yu-Long Huang, Hua-Jin Dong, Rui Xue, Yang Zhang, Jing-Cao Li, Xiao-Xing Feng, Yun Deng, You-Zhi Zhang
The consumption of a high-fat diet (HFD) has been implicated in the etiology of obesity and various neuropsychiatric disturbances, including anxiety and depression. Compelling evidence suggests that far-infrared ray (FIR) possesses beneficial effects on emotional disorders. However, the efficacy of FIR therapy in addressing HFD-induced anxiety and the underlying mechanisms remain to be elucidated. Here, we postulate that FIR emitted from a graphene-based therapeutic device may mitigate HFD-induced anxiety behaviors...
March 26, 2024: Neurochemical Research
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38530487/expanding-a-peptide-covalent-probe-hybrid-for-pet-imaging-of-s-aureus-driven-focal-infections
#10
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Jyotsna Bhatt Mitra, Saurav Chatterjee, Anuj Kumar, Elina Khatoon, Ashok Chandak, Sutapa Rakshit, Anupam Bandyopadhyay, Archana Mukherjee
BACKGROUND: The urgent demand for innovative theranostic strategies to combat bacterial resistance to antibiotics is evident, with substantial implications for global health. Rapid diagnosis of life-threatening infections can expedite treatment, improving patient outcomes. Leveraging diagnostic modalities i.e., positron emission tomography (PET) and single photon emission computed tomography (SPECT) for detecting focal infections has yielded promising results. Augmenting the sensitivity of current PET and SPECT tracers could enable effective imaging of pathogenic bacteria, including drug-resistant strains...
March 26, 2024: EJNMMI Radiopharmacy and Chemistry
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38529666/suppressing-ion-migration-by-synergistic-engineering-of-anion-and-cation-towards-high-performance-inverted-perovskite-solar-cells-and-modules
#11
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Zuolin Zhang, Mengjia Li, Ru Li, Xinmeng Zhuang, Chenglin Wang, Xueni Shang, Dongmei He, Jiangzhao Chen, Cong Chen
Ion migration-induced intrinsic instability and large-area fabrication pose a tough challenge for the commercial deployment of perovskite photovoltaics. Herein, we develop an interface heterojunction and metal electrode stabilization strategy by suppressing ion migration via managing lead-based imperfections. After screening a series of cations and nonhalide anions, the ideal organic salt molecule dimethylammonium trifluoroacetate (DMATFA) consisting of dimethylammonium (DMA+ ) cation and trifluoroacetate (TFA- ) anion is selected to manipulate the surface of perovskite films...
March 26, 2024: Advanced Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528843/the-influence-of-regiochemistry-on-the-performance-of-organic-mixed-ionic-and-electronic-conductors
#12
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Roman Halaksa, Ji Hwan Kim, Karl J Thorley, Peter A Gilhooly-Finn, Hyungju Ahn, Achilleas Savva, Myung-Han Yoon, Christian B Nielsen
Thiophenes functionalised in the 3-position are ubiquitous building blocks for the design and synthesis of organic semiconductors. Their non-centrosymmetric nature has long been used as a powerful synthetic design tool exemplified by the vastly different properties of regiorandom and regioregular poly(3-hexylthiophene) owing to the repulsive head-to-head interactions between neighbouring side chains in the regiorandom polymer. The renewed interest in highly electron-rich 3-alkoxythiophene based polymers for bioelectronic applications opens up new considerations around the regiochemistry of these systems as both the head-to-tail and head-to-head couplings adopt near-planar conformations due to attractive intramolecular S-O interactions...
July 17, 2023: Angewandte Chemie
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38528666/an-outline-of-the-immunogenic-potential-of-progressing-sarscov-2-vaccine-technologies-among-children-and-adolescents
#13
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Hytham Ghanem, Shehab Ghanem, Ehsan AlMutawa
BACKGROUND: SARS-CoV-2, a highly dynamic beta-coronavirus, can afflict all age groups. Notably, over 16100 mortalities have been recorded among children as yet. In this regard, many vaccine projects are operational to assess immuno-potency among young cohorts. A bulk of reports have evidenced the efficacy of these immunization technologies in the elderly population, though the impact is yet to be determined among children. OBJECTIVES: This review is envisioned to outline the current efficacy of contributing vaccine technologies and examine the dose-dependent impact of immunization regimens in lowering the risks of SARS-CoV-2 infections among children and adolescents...
2024: Recent Patents on Biotechnology
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38527009/temperature-controlled-molecular-bonding-hysteresis-interphase-dynamics-of-a-nanoparticle-modified-polymer-network
#14
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Andreas Klingler, Bernd Wetzel, Jan-Kristian Krüger
This study demonstrates the existence of temperature-induced molecular bonding hysteresis at nanoparticle-polymer interfaces in a highly cross-linked epoxy-based polymer, modified with core-shell rubber nanoparticles. This thermally induced bond hysteresis manifests itself in a hysteresis-like change of the strength of the electrical bond polarization between epoxy molecules and surface molecules of the core-shell nanoparticles. This kind of dynamic bond behavior can be controllably switched from one bond state to the other by a sufficient temperature change...
March 25, 2024: Journal of Physical Chemistry Letters
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38526453/cpe-na-based-hole-transport-layers-for-improving-the-stability-in-nonfullerene-organic-solar-cells-a-comprehensive-study
#15
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Mohamed Samir, Enas Moustafa, Osbel Almora, Magaly Ramírez-Como, Maria Pilar Montero-Rama, José G Sánchez, Emilio Palomares, Josep Pallarès, Lluis F Marsal
Organic photovoltaic (OPV) cells have experienced significant development in the last decades after the introduction of nonfullerene acceptor molecules with top power conversion efficiencies reported over 19% and considerable versatility, for example, with application in transparent/semitransparent and flexible photovoltaics. Yet, the optimization of the operational stability continues to be a challenge. This study presents a comprehensive investigation of the use of a conjugated polyelectrolyte polymer (CPE-Na) as a hole layer (HTL) to improve the performance and longevity of OPV cells...
March 25, 2024: ACS Applied Materials & Interfaces
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525763/pulmonary-involvement-in-recurrent-respiratory-papillomatosis-a-systematic-review
#16
REVIEW
Illari Sechi, Narcisa Muresu, Biagio Di Lorenzo, Laura Saderi, Mariangela Puci, Stefano Aliberti, Ivana Maida, Michele Mondoni, Andrea Piana, Giovanni Sotgiu
Recurrent respiratory papillomatosis (RRP) is a non-malignant disease, characterized by the production of wart-like growths in the respiratory tract, affecting both young people and adults (juvenile-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, JORRP, and adult-onset recurrent respiratory papillomatosis, AORRP, respectively). Infection caused by human papillomavirus (HPV) is known as the main factor involved in RRP development. Complications of RRP may rarely occur, including lung involvement and malignant transformation...
February 28, 2024: Infectious Disease Reports
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38525188/advanced-detection-of-coronary-artery-disease-via-deep-learning-analysis-of-plasma-cytokine-data
#17
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Muhammad Shoaib, Ahmad Junaid, Ghassan Husnain, Mansoor Qadir, Yazeed Yasin Ghadi, S S Askar, Mohamed Abouhawwash
The 2017 World Health Organization Fact Sheet highlights that coronary artery disease is the leading cause of death globally, responsible for approximately 30% of all deaths. In this context, machine learning (ML) technology is crucial in identifying coronary artery disease, thereby saving lives. ML algorithms can potentially analyze complex patterns and correlations within medical data, enabling early detection and accurate diagnosis of CAD. By leveraging ML technology, healthcare professionals can make informed decisions and implement timely interventions, ultimately leading to improved outcomes and potentially reducing the mortality rate associated with coronary artery disease...
2024: Frontiers in Cardiovascular Medicine
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38523917/improving-substance-use-disorder-treatment-training-in-medical-school
#18
EDITORIAL
Moronkeji Fagbemi
Substance use disorder (SUD) remains a major cause of morbidity and mortality in the United States and globally. Even though a lot of proposals have been implemented to help combat the opioid epidemic and are to be applauded, there remain a lot of changes that need to be made at the level of medical school training of physicians. It will take a paradigm shift to effect a lasting change in the culture around SUD treatment. This will include a review of the curriculum, which is still skewed towards the management of established diseases rather than prevention and screening, the changing of the lingo of stigmatization of patients and the disease, which in turn affects treatment utilization...
February 2024: Curēus
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38522201/adsorption-of-uranyl-ion-on-hexagonal-boron-nitride-for-remediation-of-real-u-contaminated-soil-and-its-interpretation-using-random-forest
#19
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Byung-Moon Jun, Sung Ho Chae, Deokhwan Kim, Jun-Young Jung, Tack-Jin Kim, Seong-Nam Nam, Yeomin Yoon, Chanhyuk Park, Hojung Rho
Acid leaching has been widely applied to treat contaminated soil, however, it contains several inorganic pollutants. The decommissioning of nuclear power plants introduces radioactive and soluble U(VI), a substance posing chemical toxicity to humans. Our investigation sought to ascertain the efficacy of hexagonal boron nitride (h-BN), an highly efficient adsorbent, in treating U(VI) in wastewater. The adsorption equilibrium of U(VI) by h-BN reached saturation within a mere 2 h. The adsorption of U(VI) by h-BN appears to be facilitated through electrostatic attraction, as evidenced by the observed impact of pH variations, acidic agents (i...
March 21, 2024: Journal of Hazardous Materials
https://read.qxmd.com/read/38521123/neospora-caninum-antibodies-in-bulk-tank-milk-from-dairy-cattle-herds-in-italy-in-relation-to-reproductive-and-productive-parameters-and-spatial-analysis
#20
JOURNAL ARTICLE
Luca Villa, Carolina Allievi, Anna Rita Di Cerbo, Sergio Aurelio Zanzani, Flavio Sommariva, Lucio Zanini, Michele Mortarino, Maria Teresa Manfredi
Among the available diagnostic techniques, antibody detection in bulk tank milk (BTM) represents a useful tool to estimate and monitor Neospora caninum herd prevalence. To evaluate the prevalence of N. caninum and the effect of parasite infection on herd performances, BTM samples collected from 586 dairy herds located in one of the largest dairy production areas in Italy (Lombardy) were analyzed by an indirect ELISA to detect anti-N. caninum specific antibodies. Generalized linear models (GLMs) were developed...
March 21, 2024: Acta Tropica
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