animal model melanogenesis

BACKGROUND: The pursuit for safe and efficacious skin-whitening agents has prompted a dedicated exploration of plant-derived compounds. Notably, Tagetes erecta L. flowers have been used as a medicinal extract and possessed in vitro mushroom tyrosinase activity. However, whether polyphenol-enriched fraction extracted from T. erecta L. flowers (TE) regulates melanogenesis within cellular and animal models has not yet been investigated. PURPOSE: This study aimed to investigate the effect of TE as a prospective inhibitor of melanogenesis...

Maclurin is a natural phenolic compound isolated from Morus alba(white mulberry) andGarcinia mangostana (purple mangosteen) and has been reported to regulate cancer progression, oxidative stress, and melanogenesis. The regulatory role of maclurin, however, has never been demonstrated. This study investigated in vitro and in vivo anti-inflammatory roles of maclurin and the underlying mechanism in caspase-11 non-canonical inflammasome-stimulated inflammatory responses in macrophages and an animal model of acute lethal sepsis...

PURPOSE: Photobiomodulation therapy (PBM) is a versatile technique for treating skin diseases. Melasma, a chronic hyperpigmentation condition, has recently been associated with vascular features and dermal photoaging and poses significant management challenges. We review the recent literature on melasma etiology and the evidence supporting PBM as a therapeutic modality for melasma treatment. METHODS: We conducted a comprehensive literature search in three different databases from May to August 2023, focusing on studies published in the past 10 years...

Choroideremia (CHM) is a rare X-linked chorioretinal dystrophy affecting the photoreceptors, retinal pigment epithelium (RPE) and choroid, however, the involvement of the choroid in disease progression is not fully understood. CHM is caused by mutations in the CHM gene, encoding the ubiquitously expressed Rab escort protein 1 (REP1). REP1 plays an important role in intracellular trafficking of vesicles, including melanosomes. In this study, we examined the ultrastructure of the choroid in chmru848 fish and Chmnull/WT mouse models using transmission electron and confocal microscopy...

SIGNIFICANCE: Evaluation of biological chromophore levels is useful for detection of various skin diseases, including cancer, monitoring of health status and tissue metabolism, and assessment of clinical and physiological vascular functions. Clinically, it is useful to assess multiple different chromophores in vivo with a single technique or instrument. AIM: To investigate the possibility of estimating the concentration of four chromophores, bilirubin, oxygenated hemoglobin, deoxygenated hemoglobin, and melanin from diffuse reflectance spectra in the visible region...

BACKGROUND: Melanoma is of great interest due to its aggressive behavior and less favorable prognosis. The need for the development of novel drugs for the treatment of melanoma is urgent. Considerable evidence indicated that Schisandrin B (Sch B), a bioactive compound extracted from Schisandra chinensis , has numerous anti-tumor properties in multiple malignant tumors. A few studies have reported the effect of Sch B on melanogenesis in the melanoma B16F10 cell line; however, the specific anti-tumor effects and mechanisms need to be further explored...

Waardenburg Syndrome (WS) is a rare genetic disorder that leads to congenital hearing loss and pigmentation defects. Microphthalmia-associated transcription factor (MITF) is one of its significant pathogenic genes. Despite the comprehensive investigation in animal models, the pathogenic mechanism is still poorly described in humans due to difficulties accessing embryonic tissues. In this work, we used induced pluripotent stem cells derived from a WS patient carrying a heterozygous mutation in the MITF gene c...

Vitiligo is a common primary, limited or generalized skin depigmentation disorder. Its pathogenesis is complex, multifactorial and unclear. For this reason, few animal models can simulate the onset of vitiligo, and studies of drug interventions are limited. Studies have found that there may be a pathophysiological connection between mental factors and the development of vitiligo. At present, the construction methods of the vitiligo model mainly include chemical induction and autoimmune induction against melanocytes...

INTRODUCTION: Dairy products have long been regarded as a controversial nutrient for the skin. However, a clear demonstration of donkey milk (DM) on skincare is required. METHODS: In this study, spectrum and chemical component analyses were applied to DM. Then, the effects of DM on UVB-induced skin barrier damage and melanin pigmentation were first evaluated in vitro and in vivo . Cell survival, animal models, and expression of filaggrin (FLG) were determined to confirm the effect of DM on UVB-induced skin barrier damage...

Serotonin (5-HT), a neurotransmitter, is essential for normal and pathological pigmentation processing, and its receptors may be therapeutical targets. The effect and behavior of the 5-HT7 receptor (5-HT7R) in melanogenesis in high vertebrates remain unknown. Herein, we examine the role and molecular mechanism of 5-HT7R in the pigmentation of human skin cells, human tissue, mice, and zebrafish models. Firstly, 5-HT7R protein expression decreased significantly in stress-induced depigmentation skin and vitiligo epidermis...

Consistent ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation exposure results in dry skin, wrinkles, and melanogenesis. In this study, we investigated whether fish collagen peptide (NaticolⓇ ) could inhibit photoaging and oxidative stress in skin exposed to UVB using cell and animal models. We measured the skin hydration, histological observations, antioxidant activities, moisturizing-related factors, collagen synthesis-related factors, and melanogenesis-related factors in skin cells and animal skin using enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay, real-time polymerase chain reaction, and Western blot assay...

Psoralen, a major furocoumarin component of the Fructus Psoralen (FP), in combination with ultraviolet radiation, cures abnormal pigmentation disorder. In a previous study, we synthesized a series of linear furocoumarins with different substituents, out of which 5-((diethylamino)methyl)-3-phenyl-7H-furo [3,2-g] chromen-7-one (encoded as 5D3PC) showed better pigmenting effect than others in B16 cells. In this study, we examined the mechanism underlying the melanogenic effect of 5D3PC both in vivo and in vitro...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: Artiri La Li Honey Pill (ALLHP) is a traditional medicinal formula that is widely used in Xinjiang, China, for the treatment of vitiligo. Since the cause of vitiligo has not been determined, no satisfactory treatment is available. Clinical interventions include pharmacological treatment with psoralen, usually in conjunction with ultraviolet A (UVA) radiation, but toxic side effects limit this application. Studies on the activity and mechanisms of ALLHP are scarce...

BACKGROUND: Melanin plays an important role in protecting human skin, while excessive synthesis of melanin can cause abnormal pigmentation and induce skin diseases. Long-term use of commercial whitening agents in managing skin melanin such as kojic acid and arbutin can lead to some negative effects such as dermatitis and liver cancer. Although past studies have researched the melanin inhibitory effect of plant extracts, the effective dose and mechanisms are not well summarized and discussed...

Nicotinamide nucleotide transhydrogenase (NNT) is involved in decreasing melanogenesis through tyrosinase degradation induced by cellular redox changes. Nicotinamide is a component of coenzymes, such as NAD+ , NADH, NADP+ , and NADPH, and its levels are modulated by NNT. Vitamin C and polydeoxyribonucleotide (PDRN) are also known to decrease skin pigmentation. We evaluated whether a mixture of nicotinamide, vitamin C, and PDRN (NVP-mix) decreased melanogenesis by modulating mitochondrial oxidative stress and NNT expression in UV-B-irradiated animals and in an in vitro model of melanocytes treated with conditioned media (CM) from UV-B-irradiated keratinocytes...

BACKGROUND: 5-Demethylnobiletin (5DN) is a polymethoxyflavone (PMF) primarily found in citrus fruits. It has various health-promoting properties and hence has attracted significant attention from scholars worldwide. PURPOSE: This review is the first to systematically summarize the recent research progress of 5DN, including its pharmacological activity, mechanism of action, pharmacokinetics, and toxicological effects. In addition, the pharmacological mechanism of action of 5DN has been discussed from a molecular biological perspective, and data from in vivo and in vitro animal studies have been compiled to provide a more thorough understanding of 5DN as a potential lead drug...

Nguni cattle are a Sanga type breed with mixed B. taurus and B. indicus ancestry and proven resistance to ticks, diseases and other harsh conditions of the African geographical landscape. The multi-coloured Nguni coats have found a niche market in the leather industry leading to breeding objectives towards the promotion of such diversity. However, there is limited studies on the genomic architecture underlying the coat colour and patterns hampering any potential breeding and improvement of such trait. This study investigated the genetics of base coat colour, colour-sidedness and the white forehead stripe in Nguni cattle using coat colour phenotyped Nguni cattle and Illumina Bovine HD (770K) genotypes...

To develop whitening cosmetic materials, we conducted a study on lysosomes that decisively contribute to the decomposition of melanin during autophagy in keratinocytes. In this study, we found that the lysosomal fraction inhibits melanin synthesis in melanocyte, and the potential for the whitening function of lysosomal fraction to degrade melanin in the cells, or accompany other melanin synthesis inhibition pathways, including tyrosinase inhibition. Additionally, through the zebrafish test, we confirmed the effect of lysosomal fraction on melanin production in vivo...

The coat color of dromedary is usually uniform and varies from black to white, although dark- to light-brown colors are the most common phenotypes. This project was designed to gain knowledge on novel color-related variants using genotyping-by-sequencing (GBS). The association between the SNPs and coat color was tested using MLM (mixed linear models) with kinship matrix. Three GWAS models including white color vs. non-white color, black vs. non-black color, and light-brown vs. dark-brown color were performed...

Vitiligo is a common dermatological disorder affecting 1-2% of the world's population. It is characterized by postnatal, autoimmune destructions of melanocytes in the skin, resulting in patches of depigmentation. Autoimmunity in vitiligo may also affect melanocytes in non-integumental tissues, including the eyes where choroidal melanocytes are the target of the autoimmune response. The Smyth line (SL) of chicken is the only animal model that spontaneously and predictably develops all clinical and biological manifestations of autoimmune vitiligo...