c-Jun keratinocyte

Gasdermin E (GSDME) has recently been identified as a critical executioner to mediate pyroptosis. While epidermal keratinocytes can initiate GSDME-mediated pyroptosis, the role of keratinocyte GSDME in psoriatic dermatitis remains poorly characterized. Through analysis of GEO datasets, we found elevated GSDME levels in psoriatic lesional skin. Additionally, GSDME levels correlated with both psoriasis severity and response to biologics treatments. Single-cell RNA sequencing (scRNA-seq) from a GEO dataset revealed GSDME upregulation in keratinocytes of psoriasis patients...

ETHNOPHARMACOLOGICAL RELEVANCE: The reactive oxygen species (ROS) surge in the chronic wound tissue of diabetic ulcers (DUs) aggravates the inflammatory response. The oxidative stress state during inflammation will exacerbate inflammation and cause tissue damage, resulting in prolonged wound healing. Shengjihuayu Formula (SJHYF) is a renowned Chinese medicine prescription for treating chronic wounds in diabetic ulcers. Growing clinical evidence has demonstrated that SJHYF exhibits superior therapeutic efficacy and has a favorable safety profile...

New supplements with preventive effects against skin photodamage are receiving increasing attention. This study evaluated the anti-photoaging effects of salmon nasal cartilage proteoglycan (SPG), acting as a functional material for skin health. We administered SPG to in vitro and in vivo models exposed to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation and assessed its moisturizing and anti-wrinkle effects on dorsal mouse skin and keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts cell lines. These results showed that SPG restored the levels of filaggrin, involucrin, and AQP3 in the epidermis of UVB-irradiated dorsal skin and keratinocytes, thereby enhancing the keratinization process and water flow...

BACKGROUND: Selective activator protein (AP)-1 inhibitors are potentially promising therapeutic agents for atopic dermatitis (AD) because AP-1 is an important regulator of skin inflammation. However, few studies have investigated the effect of topical application of AP-1 inhibitors in treating inflammatory skin disorders. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry was conducted to detect phosphorylated AP-1/c-Jun expression of skin lesions in AD patients. In the in vivo study, 1 % T-5224 ointment was topically applied for 8 days to the ears of 2,4 dinitrofluorobenzene challenged AD-like dermatitis model mice...

Recently, particulate matter (PM) has been shown to exacerbate atopic dermatitis (AD) by inducing an inflammatory response. Meanwhile, several studies revealed that exosomes derived from adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cells promote wound healing and alleviate inflammation via their regenerative and immunomodulatory capacities. Our study aimed to investigate the effects of human adipose tissue-derived mesenchymal stem cell-derived (ASC)-exosomes in PM-induced AD. An AD-like triple-cell model was established by treating human keratinocytes, dermal fibroblasts, and mast cells with polyinosinic:polycytidylic acid (Poly I:C) and interleukin 1 alpha (IL-1α)...

Solar dermatitis, a form of acute radiation burn that affects the skin, results from overexposure to ultraviolet B (UVB) radiation in strong sunlight. Cell damage caused by the accumulation of reactive oxygen species (ROS) produced by UVB radiation plays an important role in UVB-induced inflammation in the skin. Here, for efficiently scavenging excess ROS, modulating the microenvironment, and alleviating solar dermatitis, a π-conjugated network polyphthalocyanine supporting a highly surface-exposed Ru active site-based artificial antioxidase (HSE-PPcRu) is designed and fabricated with excellent ROS-scavenging, antioxidant, and anti-inflammatory capabilities...

c-Jun NH2 -terminal protein kinase (JNK) and p38 are stress-activated mitogen-activated protein kinases (MAPK) that are phosphorylated by various stimuli. It has been reported that the loss of desmoglein (DSG) 3, a desmosomal transmembrane core molecule, in keratinocytes impairs cell-cell adhesion accompanied by p38 MAPK activation. To understand the biological role of DSG3 in desmosomes and its relationship with stress-activated MAPKs, we established DSG3 knockout keratinocytes (KO cells). Wild-type cells showed a linear localization of DSG1 to cell-cell contacts, whereas KO cells showed a remarkable reduction despite the increased protein levels of DSG1...

Atopic dermatitis (AD) is one of the most common skin autoimmune diseases needing continuous anti-inflammatory management. Pterostilbene is reported to exhibit anti-inflammatory activity with higher bioavailability and stability than its parent compound, resveratrol. In this study, a series of synthetic pterostilbene analogs were designed by the hybridization of pterostilbene with chalcones or benzoyl chloride. Seventeen analogs derived from pterostilbene were synthesized with differences in the positions of hydroxyl, methoxyl, or fluoro moieties...

OBJECTIVE: To explore whether the ethanol extract of Herpetospermum caudigerum Wall (EHC), a Xizang medicinal plant traditionally used for treating liver diseases, can improve imiquimod-induced psoriasis-like skin inflammation. METHODS: Immunohistochemistry and immunofluorescence staining were used to determine the effects of topical EHC use in vivo on the skin pathology of imiquimod-induced psoriasis in mice. The protein levels of interferon-γ (IFN-γ), tumor necrosis factor-α (TNF-α), and interleukin-17A (IL-17A) in mouse skin samples were examined using immunohistochemical staining...

While most missense mutations of the IKBKG gene typically result in Ectodermal Dysplasia with Immunodeficiency, there have been rare reported instances of missense mutations of the IKBKG gene causing both Incontinentia Pigmenti (IP) and immunodeficiency in female patients. In this study, we described an atypical IP case in a 19-year-old girl, characterized by hyperpigmented and verrucous skin areas over the entire body. Remarkably, she experienced recurrent red papules whenever she had a feverish upper respiratory tract infection...

INTRODUCTION: During skin aging, the extracellular matrix (ECM) concomitantly breaks down. Out of the various protein components that comprise ECM, collagen is the most abundant one. Matrix metalloproteinase-1 (MMP-1) is a major collagenase that can degrade collagen. Therefore, the inhibition of MMP-1 may be critical for skin aging prevention. CX4945 is an inhibitor of casein kinase 2 and shows anticancer effects on various types of cancer cells. METHODS AND RESULTS: In this report, we investigated the MMP-1-inhibiting effect of CX4945 in HaCaT human keratinocyte cells...

BACKGROUND: Ultraviolet (UV) exposure-stimulated reactive oxygen species (ROS) formation in keratinocytes is a crucial factor in skin aging. Phytochemicals have become widely popular for protecting the skin from UV-induced cell injury. Sesamin (SSM) has been shown to play a role in extensive pharmacological activity and exhibit photoprotective effects. AIM: To assess the protective effect of SSM on UVA-irradiated keratinocytes and determine its potential antiphotoaging effect...

BACKGROUND: Simultaneous anti- Cutibacterium acnes and anti-inflammatory actions are highly beneficial in treating acne vulgaris. In this study, we present novel anti-acne nanovesicles based on liposomes loaded with proteinase K (PK), retinoic acid (RA), and soyaethyl morpholinium ethosulfate (SME) to achieve an effective and safe treatment. MATERIALS AND METHODS: This study examined in vitro planktonic and biofilm C. acnes elimination, as well as the keratinocyte proliferation suppression by liposomes...

BACKGROUND: Skin is the outermost part of the human body and is essential in maintaining body homeostasis. In the event of skin injury, rapid wound repair is crucial to protect the body. In this study, we investigated the wound-healing properties of Asparagus lucidus Lindl extract by promoting keratinocyte proliferation. METHODS: To evaluate the effect of Asparagus lucidus Lindl extract on skin regeneration, the 3-(4,5-dimethylthiazol-2-yl)-2,5-diphenyltetrazolium bromide assay was used to measure keratinocyte proliferation, while an in vitro wound-healing assay was performed to evaluate wound closure through keratinocyte re-epithelialization...

The immunopathogenesis of psoriasis, a common chronic inflammatory disease of the skin, is incompletely understood. Here we demonstrate, using a combination of single cell and spatial RNA sequencing, IL-36 dependent amplification of IL-17A and TNF inflammatory responses in the absence of neutrophil proteases, which primarily occur within the supraspinous layer of the psoriatic epidermis. We further show that a subset of SFRP2+ fibroblasts in psoriasis contribute to amplification of the immune network through transition to a pro-inflammatory state...

Acute ultraviolet (UV)-B radiation is the major external factor causing photodamage. In this study, we aimed to determine the effects of Dendrobium nobile Lindl. polysaccharides (DNPs) on photodamage in HaCaT keratinocytes after UVB irradiation and the underlying mechanisms. We found that DNPs significantly attenuated the decline in the viability and proliferation of HaCaT cells after UVB irradiation. Moreover, DNPs scavenged reactive oxygen species (ROS), improved the activities of endogenous antioxidant enzymes, including superoxide dismutase, catalase, and glutathione peroxidase, and reduced the levels of malondialdehyde, while partially attenuating cell cycle arrest, suggesting their antioxidant and anti-apoptotic properties...

BACKGROUND: Pitavastatin is a cholesterol-lowering drug and is widely used clinically. In addition to this effect, pitavastatin has shown the potential to induce apoptosis in cutaneous squamous cell carcinoma (SCC) cells. OBJECTIVE: The purpose of this study is to investigate the effects and possible action mechanisms of pitavastatin. METHODS: SCC cells (SCC12 and SCC13 cells) were treated with pitavastatin, and induction of apoptosis was confirmed by Western blot...

Ardisia silvestris is a traditional medicinal herb used in Vietnam and several other countries. However, the skin-protective properties of A. silvestris ethanol extract (As-EE) have not been evaluated. Human keratinocytes form the outermost barrier of the skin and are the main target of ultraviolet (UV) radiation. UV exposure causes skin photoaging via the production of reactive oxygen species. Protection from photoaging is thus a key component of dermatological and cosmetic products. In this research, we found that As-EE can prevent UV-induced skin aging and cell death as well as enhance the barrier effect of the skin...

The skin is the largest organ of the human body, and it is also the one most exposed to external environmental contaminants. The skin is the body's first defense against harmful environmental stimuli, including ultraviolet B (UVB) rays and hazardous chemicals. Therefore, proper care of the skin is required to prevent skin-related diseases and age-related symptoms. In this study, we analyzed anti-aging and anti-oxidative effects of Breynia vitis-idaea ethanol extract (Bv-EE) in human keratinocytes and dermal fibroblasts...

Astaxanthin (AST) exhibits potent antioxidant and anti-inflammatory activities but poor stability and biological efficacy, which limit its application in the food and medical industries. In the present study, a new strategy was proposed to enhance the biological activities of AST using fetal bovine serum-derived extracellular vesicles (EVs). Saponin-assisted incubation was used to load AST owing to its high encapsulation efficiency and loading capacity. AST-incorporated EVs (EV-ASTs) maintained their original EV morphology and showed high stability at 4 °C, 25 °C, and 37 °C over a 28-day period, which was attributed to the protective environment provided by the phospholipid bilayer membrane of the EVs...