3D TEE

The prohibitive risk of isolated tricuspid valve (TV) surgery encouraged rapid development of a transcatheter solution for tricuspid regurgitation (TR). The favorable results of these devices informed recent guidelines to recommend considering transcatheter treatment of symptomatic secondary severe TR in inoperable patients. Transcatheter TV repair systems usually reduce TR through leaflet approximation and direct annuloplasty. Orthotopic transcatheter TV replacement (TTVR) devices generally rely on radial force and tricuspid leaflet engagement for implantation and stability...

Mitral valve aneurysm (MVA) is characterized by a saccular outpouching of the mitral leaflet, and it represents a rare condition typically associated with aortic valve endocarditis. Three-Dimensional Transesophageal Echocardiography (3D-TEE) serves as an effective tool for detecting the presence of MVA and its potential complications. In this report, we present a case involving a young man with striking images of bicuspid aortic valve endocarditis complicated by an aortic root abscess and multiple perforated mitral valve aneurysms, diagnosed using 3D TEE...

INTRODUCTION: This study was performed to explore the diagnostic value of cardiac computed tomography angiography (CCTA) for endothelial insufficiency (EIS) of a left atrial appendage (LAA) disc-like occluder. METHODS: Fifty-nine patients with nonvalvular atrial fibrillation who underwent placement of an LAA disc-like occluder (LAmbre; Lifetech Scientific) in our hospital were retrospectively analyzed. Patients who were found to have contrast agent entering the LAA at the 3-month postoperative CCTA examination underwent Hounsfield unit (HU) measurement of the LAA and construction of a three-dimensional (3D) model of the device for preliminary discernment between peri-device leakage (PDL) and EIS...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

Background-Tricuspid valve (TV) remodeling occurs in patients with atrial fibrillation (AF); however, the affecting factor related to TV remodeling in AF remains to be elucidated. We sought to explore whether the AF persistence itself affects right heart remodeling. Methods-A total of 372 lone AF patients (234 paroxysmal AF [paroxAF] and 138 persistent AF [persAF]) who underwent 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE) was retrospectively reviewed. The duration from first-detected episode of AF to the TEE exam date was defined as AF duration...

UNLABELLED: Unicuspid aortic valves (UAV) account for 0.2 % of cardiac valvular disorders and present with early-onset aortic stenosis (AS) during adolescence or early adulthood. We present a case of a 17-year-old male with recurring AS. He was diagnosed with bicuspid aortic valve (BAV) two years previously and treated with balloon valvuloplasty, which relieved symptoms before that. Multimodality imaging work-up revealed the precise morphology of UAV, consistent with the surgical findings...

Mitral valve regurgitation (MR) is a multifaceted valvular heart disease. Echocardiography plays a central role in etiology assessment, severity quantification, treatment candidacy, outcome evaluation, and patient follow-up. In this review, we describe the comprehensive echocardiographic assessment of MR, including transthoracic (TTE) and transesophageal (TEE) approaches, 2D and 3D modalities, strain imaging, stress echocardiography, and artificial intelligence (AI) applications. Transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (TEER) has been established as a key therapy for patients with severe, symptomatic MR and high surgical risk...

BACKGROUND: Residual regurgitation after transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair (TMVR) is a predictor of poor prognosis in patients with functional mitral regurgitation (FMR). This study sought to identify the mitral valve (MV) parameters measured by three-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE) and MV leaflet features that predict residual mitral regurgitation (MR) after TMVR in patients with FMR. METHODS: Consecutive patients with FMR who underwent TMVR were classified into two groups based on the degree of residual MR just after TMVR: < 2+ in the optimal MR reduction group and ≥ 2+ in the suboptimal MR reduction group...

Transcatheter structural heart interventions are expanding into more complex spaces including mitral transcatheter edge-to-edge repair, left atrial appendage occlusion, tricuspid transcatheter edge-to-edge repair, mitral/tricuspid valve-in-valve, and perivalvular leak closures. Transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), with concomitant fluoroscopy, has remained the gold standard for many of these interventions. Although three-dimensional intracardiac echocardiography has been used, applications were often limited to guidance for more "simple" procedures such as patent foramen ovale/atrial septal defect closure and/or intraprocedural adjunctive imaging guidance...

As transcatheter tricuspid interventions have emerged, especially edge-to-edge repair, imaging has shown to be key in optimizing transcatheter outcomes. Given the location of the tricuspid valve relative to the esophagus, transesophageal echocardiography has proven difficult and utilization of three-dimensional (3D) multiplanar reconstruction has become essential. Three-dimensional intracardiac echocardiography is a useful imaging adjunct for tricuspid edge-to-edge repair. As 3D intracardiac echocardiography evolves, it may supplant transesophageal echocardiography as the imaging modality of choice in transcatheter tricuspid valve interventions...

BACKGROUND: Iatrogenic mitral stenosis is a complication associated with transcatheter edge-to-edge mitral valve repair. Some reports revealed the impact of mean transmitral pressure gradient after procedure on long-term clinical outcomes. However, the association between prognosis and mitral valve orifice area (MVA) after the procedure has been poorly studied. This study aimed to investigate the association between postprocedural small MVA, derived from three-dimensional (3D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE), and long-term clinical outcomes in two cohorts; the degenerative mitral regurgitation (MR) cohort and the functional MR cohort...

No abstract text is available yet for this article.

BACKGROUND: Two-dimensional (2D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) is commonly used for assessing patients undergoing transcatheter atrial septal defect (ASD) device closure. 3D TEE, albeit providing high resolution en-face images of ASD, is used in only a fraction of cases. We aimed to perform a comparative analysis between 3D and 2D TEE assessment for ASD device planning. METHODS: This was a prospective, observational study conducted over a period of one year...

INTRODUCTION: Transcatheter closure of paravalvular leak (PVL) is still a demanding procedure due to the complex anatomy of PVL channels and risk of interference between the implanted occluder and surrounding structures. Efforts are made to improve procedural outcomes in transcatheter structural heart interventions by establishing treatment strategy in advance with the use of 3D-printed physical models based on data obtained from cardiac computed tomography (CT) studies. AIM: In this feasibility study 3D printing of PVL models based on data recorded during transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) examinations was evaluated...

Multidetector computed tomography (MDCT) can provide valuable information for mitral assessment, but its role in transcatheter mitral edge-to-edge repair (TEER) planning has been poorly elucidated. We aimed to compare MDCT with 3-dimensional transesophageal echocardiography (3D-TEE) for TEER preprocedural evaluation. We analyzed the preprocedural MDCT and 3D-TEE of 108 consecutive patients with mitral regurgitation (MR) who underwent MitraClip implantation. The levels of agreement for the etiology and mechanism of MR, mitral calcification, mitral annulus, and mitral valve orifice area (MVOA) measurements were compared between MDCT and 3D-TEE data...

Corynebacterium striatum is considered a rare pathogen in infective endocarditis (IE). C. striatum is a Gram-positive facultative anaerobic bacterium found in the environment and human flora. It is part of the microbiota of the skin and nasal mucosa of humans and has been increasingly reported as the etiologic agent of community-acquired and nosocomial diseases. A 91-year-old female patient was admitted to our clinic with complaints of increased fatigue for a week. Transthoracic echocardiography revealed a labile, echogenic appearance on the mitral valve that may be consistent with infective endocarditis, causing mitral regurgitation...

Perioperative monitoring of cardiac function is beneficial for early detection of cardiovascular complications. The standard of care for cardiac monitoring performed by trained cardiologists and anesthesiologists involves a manual and qualitative evaluation of ultrasound imaging, which is a time-demanding and resource-intensive process with intraobserver- and interobserver variability. In practice, such measures can only be performed a limited number of times during the intervention. To overcome these difficulties, this study presents a robust method for automatic and quantitative monitoring of cardiac function based on 3D transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) B-mode ultrasound recordings of the left ventricle (LV)...

Percutaneous interventions are gaining rapid acceptance in cardiology and revolutionizing the treatment of structural heart disease (SHD). As new percutaneous procedures of SHD are being developed, their associated complexity and anatomical variability demand a high-resolution special understanding for intraprocedural image guidance. During the last decade, three-dimensional (3D) transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) has become one of the most accessed imaging methods for structural interventions. Although 3D-TEE can assess cardiac structures and functions in real-time, its limitations (e...

BACKGROUND: Pseudoaneurysm of the mitral-aortic intervalvular fibrosa (P-MAIVF) is an uncommon but potentially life-threatening condition. The most common pathogenic factors of P-MAIVF are infective endocarditis and surgical valve operation. Here, we report a rare case of P-MAIVF which occurred one year after percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA). CASE PRESENTATION: A 31-year-old man developed a P-MAIVF one year after PTCA. Transthoracic echocardiography (TTE) revealed a pseudoaneurysm between the aortic root and the left atrium...

PURPOSE: Right ventricle (RV) assessment is critical during cardiac surgery. Traditional assessment consists of visual estimation and measurement of validated parameters. Cardiac magnetic resonance imaging (cMRI) is the gold standard for RV analysis, and transthoracic three-dimensional (3D) echocardiography is validated against this. We aimed to show that intraoperative 3D transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) RV assessment is feasible and can produce results that correlate with cMRI...